Chahar People's Counter-Japanese Army

The Chahar People's Counter-Japanese Army (Chinese: 察哈尔民众抗日同盟军)[1] consisted mostly of former Northwestern Army units under Feng Yuxiang, troops from Fang Zhenwu's Resisting Japan and Saving China Army, remnants of the provincial forces from Rehe, Counter-Japanese volunteers from Manchuria and local forces from Chahar and Suiyuan. Even the Japanese puppet Liu Guitang switched sides, joining the Chahar People's Counter-Japanese Army, as did the Suiyuan bandit leader Wang Ying.[2]

Chahar People's Counter-Japanese Army
察哈尔民众抗日同盟军
CountryRepublic of China (1912–1949) Republic of China
EngagementsActions in Inner Mongolia (1933–1936)
Commanders
Notable
commanders

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References

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  1. ^ 中央编译局:“抗日”不宜译成“anti-Japanese”. xinhuanet.com (in Chinese). 2015-08-20. 我们认为,,除在特殊语境,"抗日"不宜译成"anti-Japanese"。首先,英文"anti-Japanese"是"反对日本""反对日本人"的意思,并不包含"侵略"等信息。如果将"抗日"译为"anti-Japanese",国外读者自然就会把所有与此相关的表述都理解为"反对日本人",而不是反抗日本侵略者,如"抗日民族统一战线""抗日根据地""抗日救亡运动"等,都会被理解为"反对日本人",而不是正义的"反抗侵略"的活动。
    其次,英文前缀"anti-"(即"反")后面加上民族或人民构成的复合词(如"anti-American" "anti-Chinese"等),经常与非理性的、情绪化的事件或行为搭配,如"anti-Japanese protest"(反日游行)、"anti-Japanese flag burning"(反日焚烧日本国旗)等。
    我们建议,"抗日"可以采用两种译法:resistance against Japanese aggression或者counter-Japanese。
    译法1:resistance against Japanese aggression或者resistance
    与"anti-Japanese"不同,"resistance"(反抗)包含着非常正面的内涵,一看便知指的是"反抗侵略"。例如,"中国人民抗日战争",翻译为"the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression",国外读者可以很清楚地看到哪一方是侵略者,哪一方是正义方。而在世界反法西斯战争期间,其他同盟国开展的各种反法西斯、反纳粹活动,英语的表述也经常用"resistance"。因此,将"抗日"一词译为"resistance",跟其他同盟国用同样的术语,有利于加强外国读者眼中中国作为同盟国重要成员、维护世界正义力量的形象。
    译法2:counter-Japanese
    与"resistance"相似,"counter-Japanese"一词也意味着对方的行为发生在先,己方行为是应对性质的,如"counter-attack"(反攻)。因而该译法能够表明抗击的对象是侵略行为,而不是日本民族。此外,该译法比"resistance against Japanese aggression"更简短,所以在部分语境里比前者用起来更加灵活,如"counter-Japanese guerrilla force"(抗日游击队)等。
  2. ^ Actions in Inner Mongolia (1933-36)#Counter-Japanese Allied Army 1933

Sources

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