The Castilletes Formation (Spanish: Formación Castilletes, N1c) is a fossiliferous geological formation of the Cocinetas Basin in the northernmost department of La Guajira, Colombia. The formation consists of fossiliferous mudstones, siltstones and medium-grained to conglomeratic fossiliferous lithic to quartzitic sandstones. The Castilletes Formation dates to the Neogene period; Burdigalian to Langhian stages, Colloncuran and Friasian in the SALMA classification, and has a maximum thickness of 440 metres (1,440 ft).

Castilletes Formation
Stratigraphic range: Burdigalian-Langhian (Colloncuran-Friasian)
~16.7–14.2 Ma
TypeGeological formation
Unit ofCocinetas Basin
UnderliesWare Formation
OverliesJimol Formation
Thicknessup to 440 m (1,440 ft)
Lithology
PrimaryMudstone, siltstone
OtherSandstone
Location
Coordinates11°56′48.48″N 71°19′56″W / 11.9468000°N 71.33222°W / 11.9468000; -71.33222
Approximate paleocoordinates11°12′N 68°36′W / 11.2°N 68.6°W / 11.2; -68.6
RegionLa Guajira
 Caribbean region
Country Colombia
Type section
Named forCastilletes
Named byRollins
LocationUribia
Year defined1965
Coordinates11°56′48.48″N 71°19′56″W / 11.9468000°N 71.33222°W / 11.9468000; -71.33222
RegionLa Guajira
Country Colombia
Castilletes Formation is located in La Guajira Department
Castilletes Formation

Type locality of the formation in La Guajira

Etymology edit

The formation was defined by Rollins in 1965 and named after the village of Castilletes.[1]

Description edit

Lithologies edit

The Castilletes Formation consists of fossiliferous mudstones, siltstones and medium-grained to conglomeratic fossiliferous lithic to quartzitic sandstones.[2]

Stratigraphy and depositional environment edit

The Castilletes Formation overlies the Jimol Formation and is overlain by the Ware Formation. The age has been estimated to be Middle Miocene (16.7 to 14.2 Ma), Colloncuran and Friasian in the SALMA classification. The invertebrate fauna of the Castilletes Formation is highly similar not only to that of the underlying Jimol Formation, but also to the Cantaure Formation of Venezuela.[3] The Castilletes Formation was deposited in a shallow marine (estuarine, lagoonal, and shallow subtidal) to fluvio-deltaic environment with strong fluvial influence.[4] The Castilletes Formation correlates with the upper Cerro Pelado and Querales Formations of the Venezuelan Falcón Basin. This unit is also correlative with the Cantaure Formation of the Paraguaná Peninsula in Venezuela.[5]

Fossil content edit

Group Fossils Notes
Mammals Hilarcotherium miyou, Lycopsis padillai, Neodolodus cf. colombianus, ?Hyperleptus sp., Astrapotheriidae, Odontoceti, Mysticeti, Glyptodontidae, Pampatheriidae, Macraucheniidae, Proterotheriidae, Leontinidae, Toxodontidae, Interatheriidae, Megatheriidae, Dinomyidae, Sirenia, Sparassodonta
Crocodiles Gavialoidea gen. et sp. indet.
Alligatoridae gen. et sp. indet.
cf. Purussaurus sp.
cf. Mourasuchus sp.
Crocodylidae gen et sp. indet.
cf. Crocodylus sp.
Eusuchia incertae sedis
cf. Eusuchia gen et sp. indet.
Turtles Podocnemididae incertae sedis
Chelus colombiana
Chelus sp.
Chelonoidis sp.
Snakes Boidae
Birds Aves indet.
Fishes Megalodon, Characidae, Serrasalmidae, Sciaenidae, Sparidae, Sphyraenidae, Ariidae, Callichthyidae, Doradidae, Pimelodidae, Carcharhinidae, Hemigaleidae, Sphyrnidae, Lamnidae, Otodontidae, Dasyatidae, Myliobatidae, Rhinopteridae, Ginglymostomatidae, Pristiophoridae, Pristidae, Rhynchobatidae, Rhynobatidae, Lepidosirenidae
Invertebrates Calliostoma sp., Arene sp., Nerita cf. fulgurans, Neritina n. sp. aff. woodwadi, Modulus tamanensis, Turritella (Bactrospira) sp. cf. altilira, Turritella (Turritella) cocoditana, Turritella (Turritella) machapoorensis, Turritella (Turritella) matarucana, Architectonica (Architectonica) nobilis, Bittium sp., Rhinoclavis (Ochetoclava) venada, Potamides suprasulcatus, Terebralia dentilabris, Petaloconchus sculpturatus, Bostrycapulus sp., Crepidula cantaurana, Crepidula insculpta, Crepidula plana, Calyptraea sp. cf. centralis, Crucibulum (Dispotaea) sp. cf. springvaleense, Aylacostoma n. sp., Doryssa n. sp., Sheppardiconcha n. sp., Charadreon n. sp., Natica sp., Naticarius sp., Glossaulax paraguanensis, Polinices sp. cf. nelsoni, Sinum gabbi, Stigmaulax sp., Strombus sp., Malea sp., Bursa rugosa, Ficus sp. cf. carbasea, Distorsio sp., Chicoreus (Triplex) sp. cf. cornurectus, Chicoreus (Triplex) corrigendum, Luria sp., Muracypraea sp. cf. hyaena, Calotrophon sp. cf. gatunensis, Cymia cocoditana, Eupleura kugleri, Hesperisternia sp., Phyllonotus n. sp., Siphonochelus (Laevityphis) cf. sawkinsi, Siratus cf. denegatus, Vokesimurex sp. cf. gilli, Antillophos sp. cf. gatunensis, Cymatophos cocoditana, Cymatophos paraguanensis, Gordanops sp. cf. baranoanus, Pallacera maracaibensis, Solenosteira sp., Granolaria sp. cf. gorgasiana, Latirus sp., Nassarius sp., Turbinella falconensis, Melongena consors, Anachis sp., Sincola sp., Strombina sp., Persicula venezuelana, Prunum quirosense, Agaronia sp. aff. testacea, Oliva sp., Aphera sp., Bivetiella sp. cf. gabbiana, Euclia sp. cf. dinota, Euclia werenfelsi, Narona sp., Trigonostoma woodringi, Conus sp. aff. jaspideus, Agladrillia sp., Crassispira conica, Fusiturricula sp., Gemmula vaningeni, Glyphostoma dentiferum, Paraborsonia cantaurana, "Chiton" sp., Saccella gnomon, Noetia dauleana, Bulla sp., Crenella sp., Brachidontes sp., Atrina sp., Argopecten sp., Anadara (Rasia) democraciana, Anadara (Rasia) tirantensis, Conus sp. cf. chipolanus, Conus sp. cf. molis, Conus talis, Strioterebrum ulloa, Terebra (Paraterebra) sulcifera, Clathrodrillia sp., Cruziturricula sp., Hindsiclava henekeni, Knefastia sp., Polystira sp., Adrana sp., Politoleda forcati, Anadara (Cunearca) zuliana, Anadara (Grandiarca) chiriquiensis, Anadara (Potiarca) inutilis, Anadara (Rasia) sp. cf. cornellana, Anadara (Tosarca) sp. cf. veatchi, Tucetona sp. cf. democraciana, Mytilus sp. cf. canoasensis, Anomia peruviana, Cavilinga sp., Lucinisca mirandana, Diplodonta sp., Harvella elegans, Mulinia sp., Raeta sp., Angulus sp., ?Macoma sp., Strigilla sp., Leopecten sp., Lindapecten buchivacoanus, Crassostrea sp., Dendostrea democraciana, Plicatula sp., Anodontia sp., Lucina sp. cf. pensylvanica, Phacoides sp. cf. pectinatus, Glyptoactis paraguanensis, Arcinella yaquensis, Chama berjadinensis, Dallocardia sp. cf. sanctidavidis, Apiocardia n. sp. aff. aminensis, Crassinella sp., Eucrassatella (Hybolophus) venezuelana, Micromactra maracaibensis, Eurytellina paraguanensis, Psammacoma falconensis, Psammotreta hadra, Donax sp., Tagelus (Mesopleura) n. sp. aff. divisus, Solecurtus sp., Solena sp., Abra sp., Agriopoma (Pitarella) paraguanensis, Hysteroconcha sp., Leukoma sp., Pitar sp., Transennella sp., Tenuicorbula n. sp. aff. lupina, Semele sp., Chione sp., Chionopsis paraguanensis, Clementia dariena, Cyclinella venezuelana, Dosinia sp., Lamelliconcha labreana, Lirophora quirosensis, Macrocallista n. sp. aff. maculata, Panchione n. sp. aff. macrtropsis, Caryocorbula fortis, Caryocorbula quirosana, Hexacorbula cruziana, Dentalium sp., Balanidae indet., Buccinidae indet., Callianassidae indet., Pectinidae indet., Portunidae indet., Ranellidae indet., Sphaeriidae indet., Sportellidae indet., Tellinidae indet., Turridae indet., Unioidae indet., Veneridae indet.

See also edit

  Geology of the Eastern Hills
  Cesar-Ranchería Basin
  Honda Group
  Abanico, Pebas, Pisco Formations

References edit

  1. ^ Moreno et al., 2015, p.27
  2. ^ Moreno et al., 2015, pp.27-32
  3. ^ Moreno et al., 2015, p.31
  4. ^ Rodríguez & Londoño, 2002, p.138
  5. ^ Moreno et al., 2015, p.32
  6. ^ Carillo, 2018, p.142
  7. ^ Suárez et al., 2015, p.4
  8. ^ Amson et al., 2016, p.7
  9. ^ a b c d Moreno et al., 2015, p.35
  10. ^ Moreno Bernal, 2014, p.7
  11. ^ Moreno Bernal, 2014, p.11
  12. ^ Moreno Bernal, 2014, p.13
  13. ^ Moreno Bernal, 2014, p.15
  14. ^ Moreno Bernal, 2014, p.19
  15. ^ Moreno Bernal, 2014, p.26
  16. ^ Moreno Bernal, 2014, p.29
  17. ^ Moreno Bernal, 2014, p.30
  18. ^ Cadena & Jaramillo, 2015, p.190
  19. ^ a b Cadena & Jaramillo, 2015, p.194
  20. ^ Cadena & Jaramillo, 2015, p.196
  21. ^ Kaitamana at Fossilworks.org
  22. ^ Moreno et al., 2015, p.29
  23. ^ Hendy et al., 2015, p.52
  24. ^ Hendy et al., 2015, p.53
  25. ^ Hendy et al., 2015, p.54

Bibliography edit

Local geology edit

Paleontology edit

Maps edit

  • Zuluaga, Carlos A.; Alberto Ochoa; Carlos A. Muñoz; Camilo E. Dorado; Nathalia M. Guerrero; Ana M. Martínez; Paula A. Medina; Edgar F. Ocampo, and Alejandro Pinilla and Paula A. Ríos, Bibiana P. Rodríguez, Edward A. Salazar, Vladimir L. Zapata. 2008. Plancha 3 - Puerto Estrella - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Zuluaga, Carlos A.; Alberto Ochoa; Carlos A. Muñoz; Camilo E. Dorado; Nathalia M. Guerrero; Ana M. Martínez; Paula A. Medina; Edgar F. Ocampo, and Alejandro Pinilla and Paula A. Ríos, Bibiana P. Rodríguez, Edward A. Salazar, Vladimir L. Zapata. 2008. Plancha 5 - Bahía Portete - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Zuluaga, Carlos A.; Alberto Ochoa; Carlos A. Muñoz; Camilo E. Dorado; Nathalia M. Guerrero; Ana M. Martínez; Paula A. Medina; Edgar F. Ocampo, and Alejandro Pinilla and Paula A. Ríos, Bibiana P. Rodríguez, Edward A. Salazar, Vladimir L. Zapata. 2008. Plancha 10 - Rancho Grande - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.
  • Zuluaga, Carlos A.; Alberto Ochoa; Carlos A. Muñoz; Camilo E. Dorado; Nathalia M. Guerrero; Ana M. Martínez; Paula A. Medina; Edgar F. Ocampo, and Alejandro Pinilla and Paula A. Ríos, Bibiana P. Rodríguez, Edward A. Salazar, Vladimir L. Zapata. 2008. Plancha 10bis - Rancho Grande - 1:100,000, 1. INGEOMINAS. Accessed 2017-06-06.