Brachytarsophrys carinense (common names: Burmese horned toad, Karin Hills frog,[1] and many others) is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae.[2] It is now understood to include Brachytarsophrys platyparietus of China. Defined this way, its distribution area includes southern Myanmar and the adjacent Thailand and southern China.[2]
| Brachytarsophrys carinense | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Megophryidae |
| Genus: | Brachytarsophrys |
| Species: | B. carinense
|
| Binomial name | |
| Brachytarsophrys carinense (Boulenger, 1889)
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Brachytarsophrys carinensis Boulenger, 1889 | |
In Thailand, it is found in Doi Suthep–Pui National Park, Chiang Mai Province[3] and in Khao Nan National Park, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province.
Taxonomy edit
Brachytarsophrys platyparietus Rao & Yang, 1997 is now considered a synonym of Brachytarsophrys carinense.[2] This taxon represented the Chinese component of the present B. carinense. In 2004 the International Union for Conservation of Nature assessed Brachytarsophrys platyparietus to be of "Least concern".[4]
Description edit
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Brachytarsophrys carinense are large frogs, particularly females: males grow to about 89 mm (3.5 in) and females to about 137 mm (5.4 in) in snout-vent length. Tadpoles are small in comparison, up to 42 mm (1.7 in) in length.[5]
Habitat and conservation edit
Brachytarsophrys carinense are associated with forest streams where their larvae develop. In China it is common where it occurs, whereas in Myanmar and Thailand it is considered to be uncommon to rare.[1][4]
The species is widespread and there are no major threats, but it is potentially threatened by habitat loss.[1] In China it is collected for local consumption, but at present this is not a major threat.[4]
Behavior edit
When disturbed, it produces a distress call that is a loud scream lasting 6 to 10 seconds long.[3][6][7][8]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2021). "Megophrys carinense". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T57537A64128865. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T57537A64128865.en. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
- ^ a b c d Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Brachytarsophrys carinense (Boulenger, 1889)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 16 March 2014.
- ^ a b Daengsri, Siriwat and Worapot Boonkhuamdee. 2008. Self-defence techniques of the Burmese Horned Frog Brachytarsophrys carinensis (Anura: Megophryidae). [พฤติกรรมการป้องกันศัตรูของอึ่งกรายข้างแถบ (Brachytarsophrys carinensis)]. Ecological Notes, Vol.2, No.2 (Apr.-Jun. 2008):27-29. Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research.
- ^ a b c IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2022). "Megophrys platyparietus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T57541A122167658. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T57541A122167658.en. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
- ^ Fei, L. (1999). Atlas of Amphibians of China (in Chinese). Zhengzhou: Henan Press of Science and Technology. pp. 102–104. ISBN 7-5349-1835-9.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: DSCN2908. YouTube.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: DSCN2909. YouTube.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: DSCN2910. YouTube.