The Born equation can be used for estimating the electrostatic component of Gibbs free energy of solvation of an ion. It is an electrostatic model that treats the solvent as a continuous dielectric medium (it is thus one member of a class of methods known as continuum solvation methods).

It was derived by Max Born.[1][2]

where:

Derivation

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The energy U stored in an electrostatic field distribution is: Knowing the magnitude of the electric field of an ion in a medium of dielectric constant εr is   and the volume element   can be expressed as  , the energy   can be written as:  Thus, the energy of solvation of the ion from gas phase (εr =1) to a medium of dielectric constant εr is: 

References

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  1. ^ Born, M. (1920-02-01). "Volumen und Hydratationswärme der Ionen". Zeitschrift für Physik (in German). 1 (1): 45–48. Bibcode:1920ZPhy....1...45B. doi:10.1007/BF01881023. ISSN 0044-3328. S2CID 92547891.
  2. ^ Atkins; De Paula (2006). Physical Chemistry (8th ed.). Oxford university press. p. 102. ISBN 0-7167-8759-8.
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