Anta do Alto da Toupeira

The Anta do Alto da Toupeira, also called the Anta da Toupeira or the Anta de Salemas, is a Neolithic dolmen, or megalithic tomb, situated in the parish of Lousa in the municipality of Loures, in the Lisbon District of Portugal. It dates back to the Chalcolithic.[1]

Anta do Alto da Toupeira
Anta do Alto da Toupeira
Anta do Alto da Toupeira
Map
Alternative nameAnta de Salemas
LocationLoures, Lisbon District, Portugal
Coordinates38°52′28″N 9°12′10″W / 38.8743617°N 9.2029087°W / 38.8743617; -9.2029087
TypeDolmen
Length5.5 metres
Width5 metres
History
PeriodsChalcolithic
Site notes
DiscoveredUnknown
Excavation dates1944; 1959
ArchaeologistsGeorg and Vera Leisner; Vera Leisner and O. V. Ferreira
Public accessYes

The Anta is hidden by a clump of trees about 100 metres to the south of the Cave of Salemas. It is one of several archaeological sites within the same area, including the cave. Although probably identified by the 19th-century Portuguese archaeologist, Carlos Ribeiro, it was first studied and drawn on 17 January 1944 by the German archaeologists, Georg and Vera Leisner, but no excavations were carried out until November 1959 when Vera Leisner and O. V. Ferreira made some limited excavations and corrected the previous plan. These led them to describe the dolmen as a polygonal chamber necropolis without the usual entrance corridor associated with similar dolmens in the area. They estimated its dimensions as being 5.5 metres by 5 metres, with a maximum height of two metres. Five limestone slabs of the Late Cretaceous epoch survive on the site, one of which is believed to have been the roof of the tomb. Although further research has yet to be carried out, other archaeologists believe that further excavation could result in the discovery of an access corridor.[1][2][3]

Excavations have yielded a number of findings but archaeologists are confused as to whether these came from the Anta, from the cave, or, indeed, from a second Anta, which appears to be referred to by the Leisners but has not since been identified. Items found have included a cylindrical idol, an axe of amphibole, a copper chisel, a copper arrowhead, and a pendant. These items are kept at Lisbon’s Geological Museum (Museu Geológico).[1][2]

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Anta do Alto da Toupeira". Megalithic Portal. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  2. ^ a b Boaventura, Rui (2009). As antas e o Megalitismo da região de Lisboa (Vol.1). Lisbon: University of Lisbon. pp. 126–131.
  3. ^ Santos, Rogério Nuno Silva (2014). Levantamento do Geopatrimónio no Concelho de Loures e definição de Percursos Geoturísticos. Lisbon: Universidade de Lisboa Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território. p. 142. Retrieved 28 April 2019.