Alcithoe is a genus of large sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Volutidae, the volutes.[1]
| Alcithoe | |
|---|---|
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| Alcithoe arabica (smooth form) | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Volutoidea |
| Family: | Volutidae |
| Genus: | Alcithoe H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 |
| Type species | |
| Voluta pacifica Perry, 1810
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Description edit
Alcithoe are large, benthic neogastropod marine snails.[2] Species are predators, and all taxa undergo direct development.[3]
The shell is ovately fusiform. The spire is produced. The apex is papillary. The aperture is ovate and wide. The inner lip shows a spreading callus. The outer lip is dilated and subreflexed. [4]
Distribution edit
Alcithoe species are found in seas surrounding New Zealand.[2][3][5] There is a rich fossil record for the genus.[6][5]
Species edit
Species within the genus Alcithoe include:[2][6][1]
- Alcithoe aillaudorum(Ph. Bouchet & G. T. Poppe, 1988)
- Alcithoe albescens Bail & Limpus, 2005
- Alcithoe arabica (Gmelin, 1791)
- † Alcithoe arabicula Marwick, 1926
- † Alcithoe bacchanalia L. C. King, 1934
- † Alcithoe bartrumi L. C. King, 1933
- † Alcithoe bathgatei Finlay, 1926
- Alcithoe benthicola (Dell, 1963)
- † Alcithoe brevis Marwick, 1926
- † Alcithoe bulbus (Marwick, 1931)
- † Alcithoe callaghani (L. C. King, 1931)
- Alcithoe colesae Bail & Limpus, 2005
- † Alcithoe concisa Marwick, 1931
- † Alcithoe cylindrica Marwick, 1926
- Alcithoe davegibbsi (Hart, 1999)
- † Alcithoe dilatata Marwick, 1926
- † Alcithoe dyscrita Finlay, 1926
- † Alcithoe exigua Marwick, 1926
- † Alcithoe familiaris Marwick, 1926
- † Alcithoe finlayi Marwick, 1926
- † Alcithoe firma (Marwick, 1926)
- Alcithoe fissurata (Dell, 1963)
- Alcithoe flemingi Dell, 1978 photo
- Alcithoe fusus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833)
- † Alcithoe gatesi Marwick, 1926
- Alcithoe grahami (Powell, 1965)[citation needed]
- † Alcithoe gravicostata L. C. King, 1931
- Alcithoe haurakiensis Dell, 1956[citation needed]
- † Alcithoe haweraensis Marwick, 1926
- Alcithoe hedleyi (Murdoch & Suter, 1906)[citation needed]
- † Alcithoe hurupiensis Marwick, 1926
- † Alcithoe irregularis Marwick, 1926
- Alcithoe jaculoides Powell, 1924 - synonym: Alcithoe calva Powell, 1928
- Alcithoe larochei Marwick, 1926
- † Alcithoe lepida Marwick, 1926
- Alcithoe lutea (Watson, 1882)
- † Alcithoe marlburiana L. C. King, 1934
- † Alcithoe murdochi (Marwick, 1926)
- † Alcithoe nodulifera Laws, 1935
- Alcithoe pacifica [citation needed]
- † Alcithoe parva Marwick, 1926
- † Alcithoe phymatias Finlay, 1926
- † Alcithoe pinguella (Marwick, 1931)
- † Alcithoe powelli (Laws, 1936)
- Alcithoe pseudolutea Bail & Limpus, 2005
- † Alcithoe regularis Finlay, 1926
- † Alcithoe renwicki (Marwick, 1928)
- † Alcithoe resolutionis C. A. Fleming, 1954
- † Alcithoe rugosa (Marwick, 1926)
- † Alcithoe scitula Marwick, 1926
- † Alcithoe scopi Marwick, 1926
- Alcithoe seelyeorum Bail & Limpus, 2005
- Alcithoe smithi (Powell, 1950) [citation needed]
- † Alcithoe solida Marwick, 1926
- Alcithoe tigrina Bail & Limpus, 2005
- Alcithoe triregensis Bail & Limpus, 2005
- † Alcithoe turrita (Suter, 1917)
- † Alcithoe uptonensis L. C. King, 1934
- † Alcithoe whakinoensis Marwick, 1926
- Alcithoe wilsonae (Powell, 1933)
- Species brought into synonymy
- Alcithoe calva Powell, 1928: synonym of Alcithoe jaculoides Powell, 1924
- Alcithoe chathamensis (Dell, 1956): synonym of Alcithoe wilsonae (Powell, 1933)
- Alcithoe johnstoni Powell, 1928: synonym of Alcithoe jaculoides Powell, 1924
- Alcithoe knoxi (Dell, 1956): synonym of Alcithoe wilsonae (Powell, 1933)[5]
- Alcithoe motutaraensis Powell, 1928: synonym of Alcithoe arabica (Gmelin, 1791)
- † Alcithoe oliveri Marwick, 1926: synonym of Mauira oliveri (Marwick, 1926)
- Alcithoe ostenfeldi (Iredale, 1937): synonym of Alcithoe larochei ostenfeldi (Iredale, 1937)
- Alcithoe swainsoni Marwick, 1926: synonym of Alcithoe arabica (Gmelin, 1791)
- Alcithoe swainsoni motutarensis Powell, 1928: synonym of Alcithoe arabica (Gmelin, 1791)
References edit
- ^ a b c Marshall, B. & Bail, P. (2015). "Alcithoe H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853". In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=382339 on 2016-02-04
- ^ a b c Powell, A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1
- ^ a b Hills, Simon F. K.; Trewick, Steven A.; Morgan-Richards, Mary (2011). "Phylogenetic information of genes, illustrated with mitochondrial data from a genus of gastropod molluscs". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 104 (4): 770–785. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01756.x.
- ^ Adams, H. & Adams, A. (1853-1858). The genera of Recent Mollusca; arranged according to their organization. London, van Voorst. Vol. 1: xl + 484 pp.; vol. 2: 661 pp.; vol. 3: 138 pls
- ^ a b c Hills, Simon F. K.; Crampton, James S.; Trewick, Steven A.; Morgan-Richards, Mary (2012). "DNA and Morphology Unite Two Species and 10 Million Year Old Fossils". PLOS ONE. 7 (12): e52083. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...752083H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0052083. PMC 3527379. PMID 23284880.
- ^ a b Beu, A. G. & Maxwell, P. A. (1990). "Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand". New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin. 58.
External links edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alcithoe.