Al-Jazeera Front (Anglo-Turkish War, 1918–1923)

Al-Jazeera front
	Part of The Anglo-Turkish War
	; Ali İhsan Pasha, Dadaylı Halid Bey and British soldiers (November 11, 1918)
Date	31 October 1918-24 July 1923
Location	Al-Jazeera, Mosul, Kirkuk and near places
Result	Inconclusive, military stalemate Hakkari ceded to Turkey;
Belligerents
Ankara Government Iraqi Turkmens; Kingdom of Kurdistan	United Kingdom British Raj; Assyrian volunteers; Arab volunteers;
Commanders and leaders
Şefik Özdemir bey Nihat Anılmış Pasha Cevat Çobanlı	Edmund Allenby

Al-Jazeera Front was established between the Euphrates river and the Iranian border with a decree published on June 26, 1920. Its center is Diyarbakır. It also included the 13th Army of the period. Nihad Anılmış was appointed as the head of the Front. On 3 November 1921, Nihat Pasha was dismissed and Cevat Çobanlı was appointed instead.^[1]

The easternmost part of the Al-Jazeera Front was under British influence, the west was under French influence, and the desert area surrounding the southern part was under British and French influence. It was established to prevent Kurdish activities in the region and to include the Mosul Province within the national borders, as well as to support the resistance to the British occupation in Northern Iraq.^[2]

References

^ "Şefik Özdemir Bey'in Revandiz Harekâtı". Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). 6 December 2020. Archived from the original on 17 September 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
^ "The Young Ataturk: From Ottoman Soldier to statesman of Turkey, George Gawrych". Archived from the original on 15 February 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2023. {{cite journal}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 15 October 2022 suggested (help); |first= missing |last= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Unknown parameter |ladt= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |ölüurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[1] "Şefik Özdemir Bey'in Revandiz Harekâtı". Atatürk Ansiklopedisi (in Turkish). 6 December 2020. Archived from the original on 17 September 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2023.

[2] "The Young Ataturk: From Ottoman Soldier to statesman of Turkey, George Gawrych". Archived from the original on 15 February 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2023. {{cite journal}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 15 October 2022 suggested (help); |first= missing |last= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Unknown parameter |ladt= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |ölüurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

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