Syed Ahmad Shah (Urdu: سید احمد شاہ), better known by his pen name Ahmed Faraz, (Urdu: احمد فراز 12 January 1931 – 25 August 2008)[1][2][3] was a Pakistani Urdu poet, scriptwriter and became the founding director general (later chairman) of Pakistan Academy of Letters.[4] He wrote his poetry under the pseudonym Faraz.[a] He criticised military rule and coup d'état in the country and was displaced by the military dictators.[5]
Ahmad Faraz | |
|---|---|
 Ahmad Faraz, in Toronto 2005 | |
| Native name | احمد فراز |
| Born | Syed Ahmad Shah Ali 12 January 1931 Kohat, NWFP, British India (now Pakistan) |
| Died | 25 August 2008 (aged 77) Islamabad, Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan |
| Pen name | Faraz Urdu: فراز |
| Occupation | Urdu Poet, Lecturer |
| Nationality | Pakistani |
| Citizenship | Pakistani |
| Education | Urdu literature M.A Persian literature M.A |
| Alma mater | Edwardes College, University of Peshawar |
| Period | 1950–2008 |
| Genre | Urdu Ghazal |
| Subject | Romance, Politics, Resistance |
| Literary movement | Democratic Movement |
| Notable awards | Sitara-i-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) Award Hilal-e-Imtiaz (Crescent of Excellence) Award Hilal-e-Pakistan (Crescent of Pakistan) Award Nigar Awards |
| Children | Saadi, Shibli Faraz and Sarmad Faraz |
Early life
editFaraz was born Syed Ahmad Shah on 12 January 1931 in Kohat, a son of Syed Muhammad Shah Bark.[4][2][6] He belonged to a Pashtun Syed family.[7] His brother is Masood Kausar, an ex Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Faraz had earlier moved to Peshawar from Kohat District with his family. He studied at Edwardes College, Peshawar and received his Master's degree in Urdu and Persian from Peshawar University.[1][4][6] During his college life, the two poets Faiz Ahmad Faiz and Ali Sardar Jafri influenced him and became Faraz's role models.[4]
Literary work
editFaraz is credited for writing Pas Andaaz, Sab Awazain Meri, Khuwab Gul, Janan Janan, and Ghazal Bahana Karoon.[8]
| Title | Publishing Year | Publisher |
|---|---|---|
| TANHA TANHA | 1957 | Malik Sons publishers, Lahore |
| JANAN JANAN | 1979 | Wali Aasi |
| BE AWAZ GALI KUCHON MEIN | 1984 | Husami Book Depot, Hyderabad |
| SHAB KHOON | 1987 | Jamia Imarat Arabia Al-Muttahida |
| NAYAFT | 1988 | Shalimar Books, New Delhi |
| PAS-E-ANDAZ-E-MAUSAM | 1990 | Khalid Sharif |
| DARD-E-ASHOOB | 1991 | Khalid Sharif |
| SAB AWAZEIN MERI HAIN | 2002 | Kitabi Duniya, Delhi |
| GHAZAL BAHA NA KARUN | 2002 | Kitabi Duniya, Delhi |
| BOODLUCK | 2005 | Kitabi Duniya, Delhi |
| AYE ISHQ-E-JUNOON PESHA | 2007 | Dost Publication, Islamabad |
| SHAHR-E-SUKHAN AARASTA HAI | 2013 | Dost Publication, Islamabad |
| PARTAN (Punjabi Translated) | Maktaba Sher-o-Adab, Lahore | |
| MERE KHWAB REZA REZA | Yusuf Publishers, Rawalpindi |
Career
editSingers like Mehdi Hassan, Noor Jehan, Ghulam Ali, Pankaj Udhas, Jagjit Singh and Runa Laila greatly popularized his poetry by singing his ghazals in films and in live concerts.[1][4][5]
Ahmad Faraz served as Chairman of the National Book Foundation in Islamabad, Pakistan.[9][4]
Political activity
editFaraz was arrested for writing poems that criticised military rulers in Pakistan during the reign of General Zia-ul-Haq. Following that arrest, he went into a self-imposed exile.[5] He stayed for 3 years in Britain, Canada, and Europe before returning to Pakistan,[9] where he was initially appointed as Chairman of the Pakistan Academy of Letters and later chairperson of the Islamabad-based National Book Foundation for several years.[9][1][4]
Death and legacy
edit
Earlier in 2008, after a fall in Baltimore, Maryland, there were rumors of his death while he was being treated in a Chicago hospital. But he was able to return to his homeland, Pakistan. Ahmad Faraz later died of kidney failure, confirmed by his son Shibli Faraz, in a private hospital in Islamabad on 25 August 2008. His funeral was held on the evening of 26 August, among many admirers and government officials at H-8 Graveyard, Islamabad, Pakistan.[6][1][10]
Ahmad Faraz is included in the long list of revolutionary poets of Urdu language and is "acclaimed as one of the most influential modern Urdu poets of the last century."[2][9][5]
"This felicity with words is evident in much of Faraz's work, as is an economy of expression, along with an ability to wrap layers of meaning into brief lines, the hallmark of an artist who has a command over his craft."[9]
Awards and recognition
editAhmad Faraz was first awarded the Sitara-i-Imtiaz by the Government of Pakistan and then the Hilal-e-Imtiaz in 2004 by the then President of Pakistan Pervez Musharraf. He returned this award two years later in 2006 "as a means of protest against the actions of the Musharraf regime."[2][4][6]
On 25 August 2008, he died in Islamabad, and later Government of Pakistan conferred Hilal-e-Pakistan posthumously upon Faraz for his contribution to poetry and Urdu literature.[2][4]
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Takhallus is a pseudonym, fictitious or a pen name used by the Urdu or Persian speaking people when they perform a particular social or cultural role such as poetry etc.
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Haresh Pandya (1 September 2008). "Ahmed Faraz, Outspoken Urdu Poet, Dies at 77". The New York Times. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- ^ a b c d e "Tribute to a legend: Remembering Ahmed Faraz". The Express Tribune (newspaper). 12 January 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- ^ "Profile of Ahmad Faraz". Ahmad Faraz Trust. Archived from the original on 6 February 2016. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Faraz dies: Poetry loses a voice, people a friend". Dawn (newspaper). 26 August 2008. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Interview in Urdu language سلسلے توڑ گیا وہ سبھی جاتے جاتے". BBC News website. 26 August 2008. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- ^ a b c d "Profile of Ahmad Faraz". Urduwire.com website. Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- ^ "Ahmad Faraz". Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Official Web Portal.
- ^ "Remembering Ahmed Faraz, on his sixth death anniversary". Dawn (newspaper). 25 August 2014. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- ^ a b c d e "Remembering Ahmad Faraz". Outlook (India magazine). 11 September 2008. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
- ^ "Ahmad Faraz laid to rest". Gulf News. 26 August 2008. Retrieved 29 June 2022.