Adolfo Daniel Roitman (Buenos Aires, Argentina, June 13, 1957) is an archaeologist and expert in comparative religions of Argentinian and Israeli descent. Since 1994, he has been the curator of the Dead Sea Scrolls collection and the director of the Shrine of the Book at the Israel Museum, where he promoted the platform that displays the scrolls online for the world.[1][2]
Adolfo Roitman | |
|---|---|
| Born | June 13, 1957 |
| Nationality | Argentinian and Israeli |
| Occupation(s) | Archaeologist , religious scientist and rabbi |
Biography
editThe son of Susana and Manuel Roitman, a native of San Juan from the town of General San Martín, Roitman was born and raised in the Jewish community of the Buenos Aires neighborhood of La Paternal, and studied at the University of Buenos Aires. In 1986, he graduated as a rabbi from the Latin American Rabbinical Seminary and later emigrated to Israel, already speaking Hebrew, with his doctoral thesis based on the Book of Judith.[2][3][4]
With this background, he obtained the position of curator of the Dead Sea Scrolls, dealing with leather as his grandfather had done, who was a shoemaker in the city of San Juan, where Adolfo Roitman was named an illustrious visitor in 2017.[5] He was married, has three children, lives in Israel, and speaks and writes in Spanish, English, and Hebrew.[6][7][8]
In 2019, the documentary Paternal, directed by Eduardo Yedlin, was released in Argentina. It chronicles Adolfo Roitman's journey from the Buenos Aires neighborhood to guarding the Dead Sea Scrolls.[9][10]
Career
editIn 1980, he obtained a cum laude bachelor's degree in anthropology and a teaching degree in history from the University of Buenos Aires. He continued his master's studies, graduating in 1985 with cum laude honors in Comparative Religion from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where he also earned a doctorate in Ancient Jewish Thought.[5] He was a professor of Comparative Religion at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and of Ancient Jewish Thought at the Schechter Institute of Jewish Studies.[11] Through one of the judges on his doctoral committee, he learned of the opening and applied for the position of curator and director of the Shrine of the Book, where he has served since 1994 as the Lizbeth and George Krupp Curator of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Director of the Shrine of the Book at the Israel Museum.[12][13]
As curator, Roitman took care of the physical health of the manuscripts in his charge, and also researched, published, and disseminated their content through publications, exhibitions, or educational projects, developing new strategies, such as producing the dramatic film about the Dead Sea community called The Human Sanctuary or an animated film about the scrolls for children. The Human Sanctuary is available online and, although it is not a documentary, it shows information on the screen about the place and time in which the community that kept the Dead Sea Scrolls lived.[2] His goal was to find different languages for different types of audiences, developing training programs for high school students, or curating exhibitions, such as the one aimed at disseminating the nano Bible, the smallest Bible in the world.[14][12][6]
Among all these new strategies, the digitization of the scrolls and their availability via Google since September 2011 stands out, making it possible for everyone, not just researchers, to read the scrolls. Roitman wrote the texts that accompany the scrolls on the Internet, including information about their discovery in the caves of Qumran, and photographer Ardon Bar Hama took the images, while Google's engineers developed the platform where they would be hosted, and a team from the Israel Museum worked to integrate that development into their website.[15][16][17][18][19]
He has participated in international conferences and symposia, and has also been a visiting professor at academic institutions such as the University of Buenos Aires, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, New York University, the Complutense University of Madrid, El Colegio de México, Anahuac University, Hebraica University in Mexico, the Presbyterian Mackenzie University in Sao Paulo, and the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile in Santiago de Chile. He is also the author of various articles in professional journals, as well as popular essays.[5]
Works
editAmong his published books, A Day At Qumran: The Dead Sea Sect and Its Scrolls, published by The Israel Museum, Jerusalem (1998), stands out. The first book published in Spain was Sectarians of Qumran: Daily Life of the Essenes, published in 2000 by Ediciones Martínez Roca.[5]
He co-edited Envisioning the Temple: Scrolls, Stones, and Symbols (2003 Roitman, Laderman), The Bible in Shrine of the Book From the Dead Sea Scrolls to the Aleppo Codex published in 2006, and The Dead Sea Scrolls and Contemporary Culture, edited by Adolfo D. Roitman, Lawrence H. Schiffman, and Shani Tzoref and published by Brill in 2011.[11][20]
In The Bible, Exegesis, and Religion, published by Verbo Divino, he proposed a critical historical reading of Judaism, changing the start date of monotheism to an earlier date than previously established, placing it closer to the 8th and 6th centuries BCE, according to the current scholarly consensus about the long gestation that the image of a single God had.[21][22]
In 2016, the Verbo Divino publishing house released From the Tabernacle to the Temple. On Sacred Space in Ancient Judaism.[23]
Awards and honors
editHis recognitions include being named Doctor Honoris Causa by Rocky Mountain College in the United States in 2005 and receiving the Gold Medal from the Faculty of Humanities at Anahuac University in Mexico City in 2014.[5][24][25]
In 2017, he received his second Doctor Honoris Causa title from the Catholic University of Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina.[26]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Sal Emergui (April 2, 2018). "Column 10 of the apocryphal Genesis scroll: This was Noah's atonement". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ a b c Silvina Premat (August 12, 2015). "The Argentine who guards the Dead Sea Scrolls". La Nación (in Spanish). Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ "Adolfo Roitman Declared Illustrious Visitor". DiarioLaVentana.com. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Mora, Jorge Arturo. "Adolfo Roitman: the Argentine-Israeli who protects the Dead Sea Scrolls". La Nación, Grupo Nación (in Spanish). Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ a b c d e "Public Lecture by Dr. Adolfo Roitman" (in Spanish). II International Congress of Patristic Studies. March 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ a b "Adolfo Roitman, director of the Shrine of the Book in Jerusalem - "The scrolls force us to rewrite Jewish history"". www.delacole.com. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Semana (March 25, 2002). "A 2,000-year-old scroll" (in Spanish). Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Roitman, Adolfo D. (2016). From Tabernacle to Temple. Verbo Divino. ISBN 9788490732557. OCLC 962452809. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ "The documentary "Paternal" about Adolfo Roitman, curator of the Dead Sea Scrolls, premieres in Argentina". Cadena Judía de Información Vis á Vis (in Spanish). August 15, 2019. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ "Paternal: from the neighborhood to Jerusalem". La Nación (in Spanish). September 5, 2019. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ a b "Adolfo Roitman (1957-), scholar - 4 Enoch: The Online Encyclopedia of Second Temple Judaism". 4 Enoch. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ a b "Adolfo Roitman, curator of the Dead Sea Scrolls, visits the University of La Laguna". ULL - Noticias. October 4, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Estévez, Karen (October 4, 2017). "Adolfo Roitman: "Questions about the Dead Sea Scrolls only increase, and it's already 70 years of research"". Diario de Avisos (in European Spanish). Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ "From the Dead Sea Scrolls to the Nano-Bible" (in Spanish). David Viñas Auditorium: National Library Mariano Moreno. March 23, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Efe (September 26, 2011). "The Israel Museum and Google 'universalize' the Dead Sea Scrolls". elmundo.es. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ María Arce (September 27, 2011). "The Argentine guardian of the Scrolls". Clarín (in Spanish). Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Clarín (September 27, 2011). "The oldest texts of the Bible uploaded to the Internet". www.clarin.com (in Spanish). Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Sergio Lojendio (October 5, 2017). "The guardian of the Dead Sea Scrolls - El Día - Archive 05-10-2017". eldia.es. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Jesús García Calero (September 26, 2011). "The Dead Sea Scrolls, available online". abc (in Spanish). Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Adolfo D. Roitman (March 21, 2011). The Dead Sea Scrolls and Contemporary Culture: Proceedings of the International Conference Held at the Israel Museum, Jerusalem (July 6-8, 2008). BRILL. ISBN 9789004185937.
- ^ José Luis Santos Fernández (September 9, 2010). "A recently published book delays the birth of monotheism". terraeantiqvae.com (in Spanish). Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Alberto Masegosa (September 9, 2010). "A recently published book delays the birth of monotheism". La Vanguardia. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ Julia Sáez-Angulo. "Adolfo D. Roitman, author of the book "From the Tabernacle to the Temple"". Euro Mundo Global (in Spanish). Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ "Seminar "New Perspectives in the Study of Religious Diversity in Judaism of the Era Change"". eventos.ull.es. Archived from the original on August 19, 2019. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ "Meet the Argentine who guards one of the oldest manuscripts in history". www.cronista.com. Retrieved May 27, 2024.
- ^ "University of Salvador Bulletin year VI, no. 29 - Friday, October 5, 2018". www.usal.edu.ar. Archived from the original on June 9, 2021. Retrieved May 27, 2024.