Albert Comstock Hamlin (February 10, 1881 – August 29, 1912) was the first African American elected to the Oklahoma Legislature. He lost his re-election bid as a direct result of a constitutional amendment that prevented many black Oklahomans from voting.[1]
A. C. Hamlin | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Oklahoma State Representative | |
| In office 1908–1910 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | February 10, 1881 Topeka, Kansas, U.S. |
| Died | August 29, 1912 (aged 31) Logan County, Oklahoma, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Katie Weaver |
Hamlin was buried in Logan County, Oklahoma.
Early life
editBorn in Topeka, Kansas, to former slaves Andrew Jackson and Fanny Hamlin, A. C. Hamlin arrived in Oklahoma Territory in 1890 with the family.[1] He married Katie Weaver in 1899 and had five children.[1]
Before his election to the Oklahoma Legislature, Hamlin served on a school board and a town trustee.[1]
Political career
editHamlin won a seat in the Oklahoma House of Representatives in 1908 due to the large predominance of African Americans in the Logan County, Oklahoma district.[1]
Oklahoma Democratic politicians were determined to keep African Americans from rising in society, as evidenced by the leader of the constitutional convention who exclaimed that blacks would always remain bootblacks, barbers and farmers.[2]
Despite his dual minority status as an African-American and a Republican, Hamlin was able to receive support for bills to provide funding for a black school in his district, address unequal facilities for black and white railroad passengers, and prohibit certain activities on Sunday.[1]
Hamlin lost a bid for reelection in 1910 after a constitutional amendment limited black voters by creating voter registration requirements including literacy and registration of individuals or their ancestors prior to January 1, 1866.[1] Known as the "grandfather clause," the amendment was declared unconstitutional by the 1915 Guinn v. United States case.[2] The "grandfather clause" was responsible for an exodus of African-Americans from Oklahoma to Canada.[3]
Death and legacy
editHamlin died August 29, 1912, of unknown causes on his farm, and was buried in Robinson Cemetery in Logan County, Oklahoma.[1] The Hamlin family cemetery plot includes his headstone and the headstone of a G. H. Hamlin.[4]
On February 21, 2009, the Logan County state representative introduced an amendment to name a part of Interstate 35 from Waterloo to Charter Road in southern Logan County as the "A.C. Hamlin Parkway". The amendment won approval as part of House Bill 2691 as was signed by Oklahoma Governor Brad Henry. In May 2015, the Oklahoma Department of Transportation placed signage denoting the designation.[5]
As of 2023, the 24th biennial awards banquet named for A. C. Hamlin was held by Oklahoma's Legislative Black Caucus, composed of Oklahoma House and State Senate black elected officials.[6][7][8] Oklahoma Governor Mary Fallin signed a bill designating "Swing Low, Sweet Chariot" as the official gospel song of Oklahoma during the 2011 banquet.[9]
Former Oklahoma Governor Frank Keating authored a July 2020 editorial in The Oklahoman advocating that Oklahoma State University rename the then-named Murray Hall after A.C. Hamlin.[10] The university ultimately decided on a different name for the campus buildings.[11]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h Bruce, Michael L. "Hamlin, Albert Comstock (1881-1912)" http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/H/HA015.html Archived 2012-11-19 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, Oklahoma Historical Society. (accessed April 17, 2013)
- ^ a b Franklin, Jimmie Lewis. "African Americans" http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/A/AF003.html Archived 2012-11-03 at the Wayback Machine, Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, Oklahoma Historical Society. (accessed April 17, 2013)
- ^ Finkelman, Paul. "Oklahoma," Encyclopedia of African American History, 1896 to the Present, Volume 1. Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 0195167791, ISBN 9780195167795
- ^ Albert Comstock (A.C.) Hamlin - Robinson A.M.E. Cemetery - Logan County, OK, Grave of a Famous Person on Waymarking.com. (accessed July 7, 2013)
- ^ "Enrolled Version of House Bill 2691," Oklahoma House of Representatives"
- ^ "A. C. Hamlin Awards Banquet," Oklahoma Gazette. (accessed April 17, 2013)
- ^ Caucus, Oklahoma Legislative Black. "Oklahoma Legislative Black Caucus". Oklahoma Legislative Black Caucus. Retrieved 2023-04-24.
- ^ Report, City Sentinel Staff. "Oklahoma Legislative Black Caucus Set to Host 2023 A.C. Hamlin Gala". Oklahoma City Sentinel. Retrieved 2023-04-24.
- ^ "Fallin signs bill at A. C. Hamlin Banquet," Edmond Sun, April 26, 2011. (accessed April 17, 2013)
- ^ Keating, Frank. "Frank Keating: Honoring A.C. Hamlin would right an embarrassing wrong". The Oklahoman. Retrieved 2023-04-24.
- ^ "OSU/A&M Board of Regents Approves Removal of Murray's Name from Campus - Oklahoma State University". news.okstate.edu. Oklahoma State University. 2020-06-26. Retrieved 2023-04-24.