Comet Daniel is a periodic comet in the Solar System discovered by Zaccheus Daniel (Halsted Observatory, Princeton University, New Jersey, United States) on December 7, 1909, estimated as magnitude 9.
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Zaccheus Daniel |
| Discovery date | December 7, 1909 |
| Designations | |
| P/1909 X1, P/1937 B1 | |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Epoch | June 25, 2000 |
| Aphelion | 5.89 AU |
| Perihelion | 2.157 AU |
| Semi-major axis | 4.021 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.4635 |
| Orbital period | 8.065 a |
| Inclination | 22.41° |
| Last perihelion | August 22, 2016[1] July 20, 2008 |
| Next perihelion | 2024-Nov-11[2][3] |
| Jupiter MOID | 0.152 AU (22,700,000 km)[1] |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 2.6 km[1] |
| Perihelion distance at different epochs[3] | |||||||
| Epoch | Perihelion (AU) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1903 | 1.38 | ||||||
| 1916 | 1.53 | ||||||
| 1964 | 1.66 | ||||||
| 2000 | 2.16 | ||||||
| 2041 | 2.25 | ||||||
Following its discovery, the returns for 1916, 1923, and 1930 were predicted but on each occasion it was not recovered.
The 1937 return was recovered by Shin-ichi Shimizu (Simada, Japan) on January 31 after a calculation of the comet's orbit by Hidewo Hirose (Tokyo, Japan) after he took calculations for the 1923 return done by Alexander D. Dubiago and took into account perturbations from Jupiter.
All returns apart from 1957 and 1971 have been recovered.
Repeated close encounters with Jupiter have increased this comet's orbital period steadily since it was first discovered, it will likely increase again to 8.29 years when it next encounters Jupiter on December 2, 2018.
The comet nucleus is estimated to be 2.6 kilometers in diameter.[1]
At some point between 2009 January 11 and 30 the comet underwent an outburst of around 3 magnitudes, brightening from 18th to 15th magnitude.[4]
References
edit- ^ a b c d "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 33P/Daniel". Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 2010-02-26.
2009-04-24 last obs
- ^ MPC
- ^ a b Kinoshita, Kazuo (2018-07-18). "33P/Daniel past, present and future orbital elements". Comet Orbit. Archived from the original on 2011-07-10. Retrieved 2023-07-29.
- ^ "BAA Comet Section : Periodic Comets". Jonathan Shanklin. 2011-12-18. Retrieved 2012-10-26.
External links
edit- Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) / Horizons Ephemeris
- 33P at Kronk's Cometography
- 33P at Seiichi Yoshida's Comet Catalog
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