1993–94 S.L. Benfica season

The 1993–94 season was Sport Lisboa e Benfica's 90th season in existence and the club's 60th consecutive season in the top flight of Portuguese football. It involved Benfica competing in the Primeira Divisão and the Taça de Portugal. Benfica qualified for the European Cup Winners' Cup by winning previous Portuguese Cup.[1] It covers the period between 1 July 1993 to 30 June 1994.

Benfica
1993–94 season
PresidentJorge de Brito
(until 7 January 1994)
Manuel Damásio
Head coachToni
StadiumEstádio da Luz
Primeira Divisão1st
Taça de PortugalQuarter-finals
Supertaça Cândido de OliveiraRunners-up
European Cup Winners' CupSemi-finals
Top goalscorerLeague: João Pinto (15)
All: João Pinto (18)
Highest home attendance80,000 vs Parma
(29 March 1994)
Lowest home attendance15,000 vs Braga
(17 October 1993)

The season was marked by the events in his pre-season, as the club only made three signings. More importantly, however, the club lost regular starter Paulo Sousa and common substitute António Pacheco to Sporting CP due to unpaid salaries. Expectations around Benfica were not high, as Sporting and Porto were deemed the main contenders. After a poor start, however, a six-game winning streak granted them the top position in the league table. After going 15 league games unbeaten, a loss in April at Salgueiros and a draw at home against Estrela da Amadora made it necessary to win at the Estádio José Alvalade to retain their first-place position; a hat-trick from João Pinto in a 6–3 win put the title only six points away. On 25 May, a win over Gil Vicente ended the title race, with the club winning a record 30th league title.

Season summary edit

The season that celebrated its 90th anniversary was also one of the club most tumultuous periods in recent history. In the summer, Paulo Sousa, João Pinto and António Pacheco unilaterally terminated their contracts, claiming unpaid salaries. While Pinto was successfully resigned with a pay increase, both Sousa and Pacheco never went back on their decision, subsequently moving to Lisbon rivals Sporting CP.

Sousa had been a frequent starter for Benfica, playing 35 games in the previous season and having joined the club as a 16-year-old.[2] Pacheco was utilized more as a substitute, but had still amassed over 160 league games for Benfica.[3] The players' "betrayal" and the increase in tension between the old rivals was labelled "Hot Summer of 1993", a clever throwback to the troubled times of the PREC, the post revolution in 1975.[4][5]

With almost no new signings, and having lost Sousa, Pacheco and Paulo Futre, the team led by Toni was not seen as favourite in the title race.[6] The season opened with the 1993 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira, and with a win for both sides, a third match would be necessary.[7] In the league, Benfica started by sharing points with Porto in O Clássico, but then tied again against much easier opponents, like Estoril and Beira-Mar; both clubs that played a crucial role in the previous season's title race.[8] On the late part of September, the first win in the Primeira Liga kick-started a series of consecutive wins that helped the club climb from eighth in the league to first.[9] A big loss in Setúbal served as warning, with the Lisbon-side then adding more consecutive wins, opening a three-point gap by the New Year.[10]

In the first month of 1994, the club lost points against Gil Vicente and was eliminated from the Taça de Portugal by Belenenses,[11] though this was not enough to stop their momentum, continuing to defend their first place with consecutive wins.[12] In early March, with successive draws in the league and a hard-fought 4–4 draw in the quarter-finals of the Cup Winners' Cup,[13] the club look like would be surpass by Sporting on the title race, with the distance now reduced to just one point.[12] A loss against Salgueiros in April put both clubs equal on points, while in the European stage, the club was defeated by Parma in the semi-finals.[11][14]

Benfica entered the Derby de Lisboa on 14 May with just a one-point advantage in the league table, knowing that a loss would cost them first place. João Pinto had one of his best performances with Benfica, scoring a hat-trick that effectively ended the title race in his club's favour.[6] Only a few days later, away against Braga, the club secured its 30th league title, celebrating with the fans at the sold out Estádio Primeiro de Maio.[15][16]

Carlos Mozer, an undisputed starter during the season, narrated the events in the club almanac: "We won the title with great difficulty, because Sporting had a young but good team, while Porto had the experience. At Benfica, our squad was strong. There were veterans like William, Veloso and Isaías, that taught the younger ones, like Rui Costa or João Pinto; who still had the will and pace to run all game. The coach was Toni, who I knew back from 1989. Benfica did not start well, and amassed three straight draws. Then he started winning in a awful manner. We did not play well, but we were winning games, until the notorious game in Alvalade, the 6–3. Everybody said that Sporting was going to win, because they had a younger team, and we were older; so we would not endure the difficult terrain. When everything looked like to be on their favour; we, with great calm and experience, reversed the game with a great performance from João Pinto. In that season, I also remember the campaign in the Cup Winners' Cup. We reach the semi-finals, after that crazy 4–4 in Leverkusen. We were drawn against Parma, and the Italians were always difficult. We won in the Estádio da Luz, but there, in Italy; I was sent-off early, on the 20th minute, with a double yellow. The first was fair, the second was not. If with eleven players was already hard, with one less, it was even harder."[6]

Competitions edit

  Win   Draw   Loss   Postponed

Overall record edit

Competition First match Last match Record
G W D L GF GA GD Win % Source
Primeira Divisão 22 August 1993 2 June 1994 34 23 8 3 73 25 +48 067.65 [17]
Taça de Portugal 5 December 1993 30 January 1994 3 2 0 1 10 3 +7 066.67 [17]
Cup Winners' Cup 15 September 1993 13 April 1994 8 4 3 1 15 10 +5 050.00 [17]
Supertaça 11 August 1993 15 August 1993 2 1 0 1 1 1 +0 050.00 [17]
Total 47 30 11 6 99 39 +60 063.83

Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira edit

11 August 1993 First leg Benfica 1–0 Porto Estádio da Luz, Lisbon
Águas   84' Report Referee: Carlos Valente (Setúbal)
15 August 1993 Second leg Porto 1–0 Benfica Estádio das Antas, Porto
Vinha   84' Report Mozer   42'   50' Referee: Fortunato Azevedo (Braga)

Primeira Divisão edit

League table edit

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification or relegation
1 Benfica (C) 34 23 8 3 73 25 +48 54 Qualification to Champions League group stage
2 Porto 34 21 10 3 56 15 +41 52 Qualification to Cup Winners' Cup first round[a]
3 Sporting CP 34 23 5 6 71 29 +42 51 Qualification to UEFA Cup first round
4 Boavista 34 16 6 12 46 31 +15 38
5 Marítimo 34 13 12 9 45 40 +5 38
Source: Primeira Divisão
Rules for classification: 1st points, 2nd head-to-head, 3rd goals average
(C) Champions
Notes:
  1. ^ Porto qualified for the Cup Winners' Cup as Portuguese Cup winners

Results by round edit

Round12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334
GroundAHAHHAHAHAHAHAHAHHAHAAHAHAHAHAHAHA
ResultDDDWWWWWWLWWWWDWWWWWDDWWWLWWDWWWDL
Position7784333211111111111111111111111111
Source: ForaDeJogo
A = Away; H = Home; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss

Matches edit

22 August 1993 1 Porto 3–3 Benfica Porto
20:30 Vinha   8'
Pereira   62', 70' (pen.)
Report Isaías   25', 63'
Águas   27'
Stadium: Estádio das Antas
Attendance: 50,000
Referee: Carlos Calheiros
29 August 1993 2 Benfica 1–1 Estoril Lisbon
20:00 Águas   58' Report Ernie Tapai   87'
Carlos Manuel   58'
Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: Vítor Reis
11 September 1993 3 Beira-Mar 1–1 Benfica Aveiro
19:00 Dino   68' Report Isaías   78' Stadium: Estádio Mário Duarte
Attendance: 4,000
Referee: Veiga Trigo
19 September 1993 4 Benfica 4–1 Farense Lisbon
20:00 Brito   30'
Paneira   54' (pen.)
Pinto   71'
Águas   89'
Report Hassan   59' Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: Marques da Silva
25 September 1993 5 Benfica 2–0 Marítimo Lisbon
17:00 Pinto   32'
Isaías   90'
Report Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 25,000
Referee: António Rola
4 October 1993 6 Famalicão 1–5 Benfica Vila Nova de Famalicão
20:00 Amarildo   62' Report Xavier   25'
Pinto   28'
Isaías   66'
Paneira   70'
Águas   87'
Stadium: Estádio Municipal 22 de Junho
Attendance: 9,000
Referee: José Pratas
17 October 1993 7 Benfica 2–0 Braga Lisbon
19:00 William   2'
Isaías   62'
Report Barroso   0'   50' Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: José Rufino
25 October 1993 8 Paços de Ferreira 1–2 Benfica Paços de Ferreira
20:00 Rudež   61' Report Aílton   80'
Pinto   88'
Stadium: Estádio da Mata Real
Attendance: 8,000
Referee: Carlos Calheiros
30 October 1993 9 Benfica 4–1 Salgueiros Lisbon
19:45 Hélder   25'
Pinto   30'
Rui Costa   47'
Águas   88'
Report Miguel Simão   34' Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 25,000
Referee: Carlos Valente
21 November 1993 10 Vitória Setúbal 5–2 Benfica Setúbal
19:00 Yekini   29', 73'
Araújo   39'
Gomes   52'
Conde   82'
Report Paneira   55'
Aílton   66'
Stadium: Estádio do Bonfim
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: José Pratas
28 November 1993 11 Benfica 3–0 Belenenses Lisbon
20:00 Pinto   35'
Mozer   43'
Paneira   52'
Report Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: Pinto Correia
10 December 1993 22 Estrela da Amadora 0–1 Benfica Lisbon
19:00 Report Rui Costa   77' Stadium: Estádio da Reboleira
Attendance: 13,000
Referee: António Marçal
18 December 1993 13 Benfica 2–1 Sporting CP Lisbon
20:00 Yuran   50'
Isaías   84'
Report Figo   29'
Capucho   0'   34'
Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 80,000
Referee: Jorge Coroado
29 December 1993 14 União da Madeira 0–2 Benfica Funchal
19:00 Report Isaías   20'
Aílton   29'
Isaías   0'   77'
Stadium: Estádio dos Barreiros
Attendance: 7,000
Referee: Carlos Valente
9 January 1994 15 Benfica 0–0 Gil Vicente Lisbon
18:00 Report Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: Soares Dias
16 January 1994 16 Vitória Guimarães 1–2 Benfica Guimarães
19:00 Tlemçani   90' Report Paneira   35'   0'   87'
Aílton   44'
Stadium: Estádio D. Afonso Henriques
Attendance: 5,000
Referee: Veiga Trigo
23 January 1994 17 Benfica 3–1 Boavista Lisbon
20:00 Pinto   10', 76'
Aílton   29'
Report Tavares   60' Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: Carlos Valente
6 February 1994 18 Benfica 2–0 Porto Lisbon
20:00 Aílton   37'
Rui Costa   55'
Report Fernando Couto   40' Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 60,000
Referee: Veiga Trigo
13 February 1994 19 Estoril 0–3 Benfica Estoril
20:30 Andrade   0'   50' Report Aílton   74', 88'
Yuran   84'
Stadium: Estádio António Coimbra da Mota
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Pinto Correia
20 February 1994 20 Benfica 1–0 Beira Mar Lisbon
19:45 Paneira   87' (pen.) Report Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 40,000
Referee: Carlos Calheiros
26 February 1994 21 Farense 0–0 Benfica Faro
19:45 Nader   0'   53' Report Schwarz   0'   53' Stadium: Estádio de São Luís
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Bento Marques
5 March 1994 22 Marítimo 1–1 Benfica Funchal
19:00 Hector   53' Report Pinto   70' Stadium: Estádio dos Barreiros
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Fortunado Azevedo
12 March 1994 23 Benfica 8–0 Famalicão Lisbon
19:30 Celestino   25' (o.g.), 72' (o.g.)
Rui Costa   31'
Aílton   33'
Yuran   59', 87'
Mozer   70'
Águas   73'
Report Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 25,000
Referee: Lucílio Baptista
24 March 1994 24 Braga 0–2 Benfica Braga
19:45 Report Isaías   44'
Aílton   77'
Stadium: Estádio 1º de Maio
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Carlos Valente
26 March 1994 25 Benfica 2–1 Paços de Ferreira Lisbon
19:45 Pinto   18'
Isaías   39'
Report Helcinho Conegudes   28'
  0'   83'
Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 25,000
Referee: Juvenal Silvestre
9 April 1994 26 Salgueiros 1–0 Benfica Porto
20:45 Sá Pinto   85' Report Stadium: Estádio Prof. Dr. José Vieira de Carvalho
Attendance: 5,000
Referee: Lourenço Ferreira
25 April 1994 27 Benfica 2–0 Vitória Setúbal Lisbon
19:45 Schwarz   11'
Kulkov   20' (pen.)
Report Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: João Mesquita
30 April 1994 28 Belenenses 0–2 Benfica Lisbon
21:00 Report Mozer   10'
Aílton   46'
Stadium: Estádio do Restelo
Attendance: 5,000
Referee: Vítor Pereira
8 May 1994 29 Benfica 1–1 Estrela da Amadora Lisbon
18:15 Isaías   12' Report Mário Jorge   64' Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 35,000
Referee: Pinto Correia
14 May 1994 30 Sporting CP 3–6 Benfica Lisbon
21:00 Cadete   8'
Figo   35'
Balakov   80' (pen.)
Report Pinto   30', 37', 44'
Isaías   48', 57'
Hélder   74'
Stadium: Estádio de Alvalade
Attendance: 60,000
Referee: António Marçal
21 May 1994 31 Benfica 1–0 União da Madeira Lisbon
19:00 Rui Costa   68' Report Jokanović   0'   81' Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 55,000
Referee: Mário Leal
25 May 1994 32 Gil Vicente 0–3 Benfica Braga
20:15 Report Pinto   4', 74'
Kulkov   84'
Stadium: Estádio 1º de Maio
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: José Pratas
25 May 1994 33 Benfica 0–0 Vitória Guimarães Lisbon
20:30 Report Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 120,000
Referee: Carlos Valente
2 June 1994 34 Boavista 1–0 Benfica Porto
20:00 Ricky   80' Report Stadium: Estádio do Bessa
Attendance: 30,000
Referee: António Rola

Taça de Portugal edit

5 December 1993 Fourth Rd Benfica 4–0 Estoril Lisbon
18:00 Yuran   19'
Aílton   58'
Andrade   68' (o.g.)
Paneira   84'
Report Litos   44'   54' Stadium: Estádio da Luz
Attendance: 20,000
Referee: Vítor Pereira
23 December 1993 Fifth Rd União da Madeira 1–5 (a.e.t.) Benfica Funchal
19:45 Bosančić   65' (pen.) Report Isaías   37'
Águas   94'
Rui Costa   95'
Aílton   101', 109'
Stadium: Estádio dos Barreiros
Attendance: 8,000
Referee: Veiga Trigo
30 January 1994 Sixth Rd Os Belenenses 2–1 Benfica Lisbon
20:30 Airez   11'
Luiz Gustavo   30'
Report Pinto   6' Stadium: Estádio do Restelo
Referee: Vítor Pereira

UEFA Cup Winners' Cup edit

First round edit

15 September 1993 First leg Benfica   1–0   GKS Katowice Estádio da Luz, Lisbon
19;45 Águas   88' Report Attendance: 10,000[18]
Referee: Karl Finzinger
29 September 1993 Second leg GKS Katowice   1–1
(1–2 agg.)
  Benfica Stadion GKS Katowice, Katowice
19;45 Kucz   45' Report Paneira   70' Attendance: 7,000[19]
Referee: Aron Schmidhuber

Second round edit

20 October 1993 First leg Benfica   3–1   CSKA Sofia Estádio da Luz, Lisbon
19;45 Rui Costa   27', 37'
Schwarz   90'
Report Andonov   60' Attendance: 40,000[20]
Referee: Patrick Kelly
3 November 1993 Second leg CSKA Sofia   1–3
(6–2 agg.)
  Benfica Vasil Levski National Stadium, Sofia
19;45 Andonov   56' Report Rui Costa   32'
Pinto   73'
Yuran   88'
Attendance: 20,000[21]
Referee: Rune Pedersen

Quarter-finals edit

1 March 1994 (1994-03-01) First leg Benfica   1–1   Bayer Leverkusen Estádio da Luz, Lisbon
21:15 Isaías   90' Report Happe   66' Attendance: 80,000[22]
Referee: Pierluigi Pairetto (Italy)
15 March 1994 (1994-03-15) Second leg Bayer Leverkusen   4–4
(5–5 agg.)
  Benfica Ulrich-Haberland-Stadion, Leverkusen
20:30 Kirsten   24', 80'
Schuster   57'
Hapal   82'
Report Xavier   59'
Pinto   60'
Kulkov   78', 85'
Attendance: 21,000[23]
Referee: James McCluskey (Scotland)

Semi-finals edit

29 March 1994 (1994-03-29) First leg Benfica   2–1   Parma Estádio da Luz, Lisbon
21:00 Isaías   11'
Rui Costa   60'
Report Zola   13' Attendance: 80,000[24]
Referee: Bernd Heynemann (Germany)
13 April 1994 (1994-04-13) Second leg Parma   1–0
(2–2 agg.)
  Benfica Stadio Ennio Tardini, Parma
17:45 Sensini   74' Report Mozer   0'   33' Attendance: 21,500[25]
Referee: Mario van der Ende (Netherlands)

Friendlies edit

[26]

3 August 1993 Benfica 2–1 Cruzeiro Lisbon
Stadium: Estádio da Luz
18 August 1993 Pepsi Cup Benfica 2–1 Barcelona Lisbon
Rui Águas   49'
Aílton Delfino   72'
  55' Romário Stadium: Estádio da Luz

Player statistics edit

The squad for the season consisted of the players listed in the tables below, as well as staff member Toni(manager)[27][17]

Note 1: Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

Note 2: Players with squad numbers marked ‡ joined the club during the 1992-93 season via transfer, with more details in the following section.

No. Pos Nat Player Total Primeira Divisão Taça de Portugal Cup Winners' Cup Supertaça
Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals
1 GK   POR Silvino 4 -3 1 0 3 -3 0 0 0 0
1 GK   POR Neno 41 -35 33 -24 0 0 8 -10 0 -1
2 DF   POR António Veloso 30 0 21 0 2 0 5 0 2 0
2 DF   POR Abel Xavier 33 2 25 1 0 0 8 1 0 0
2 DF   POR Abel Silva 17 0 12 0 3 0 0 0 2 0
3 DF   YUG Jovo Simanić 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 DF   POR Nuno Afonso 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 DF   POR Hélder 43 2 32 2 3 0 6 0 2 0
4 DF   BRA William 13 1 8 1 0 0 5 0 0 0
5 DF   BRA Carlos Mozer 41 3 29 3 3 0 7 0 2 0
5 MF   SWE Stefan Schwarz 31 2 23 1 2 0 6 1 0 0
6 MF   RUS Vasili Kulkov 26 4 21 2 2 0 3 2 0 0
7 MF   POR Vítor Paneira 45 8 32 6 3 1 8 1 2 0
8 MF   POR João Pinto 46 18 34 15 2 1 8 2 2 0
9 FW   POR Rui Águas 34 9 25 6 3 1 4 1 2 1
9 FW   RUS Sergei Yuran 29 6 20 4 2 1 5 1 2 0
10 MF   POR Rui Costa 47 10 34 5 3 1 8 4 2 0
11 MF   BRA Isaías 37 16 26 13 1 1 8 2 2 0
11 FW   BRA Aílton Delfino 33 14 28 11 3 3 2 0 0 0
11 FW   POR César Brito 23 1 15 1 1 0 5 0 2 0
12 GK   POR Paulo Santos 1 -1 1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0
16 MF   RUS Aleksandr Mostovoi 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
17 DF   POR Pedro Henriques 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
18 FW   POR Hernâni Neves 5 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 1 0
22 DF   POR Daniel Kenedy 18 0 14 0 2 0 2 0 0 0

Transfers edit

[1]

In edit

Entry date Position Player From club
July 1993 GK Paulo Santos Olivais e Moscavide
July 1993 CB Jovo Simanić VfB Stuttgart
August 1993 ST Aílton Delfino Atlético Mineiro

Out edit

Exit date Position Player To club
July 1993 CB Samuel Quina Vitória de Guimarães
July 1993 LW Paulo Futre Marseille
July 1993 DM Paulo Sousa Sporting CP
July 1993 LW António Pacheco
July 1993 RB José Carlos Estrela da Amadora
July 1993 LB Fernando Mendes

Out by loan edit

Exit date Position Player To club Return date
July 1993 GK Pedro Roma Gil Vicente 30 June 1994
July 1993 CB Paulo Madeira Marítimo 30 June 1994
December 1993 AM Aleksandr Mostovoi Caen 30 June 1994

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Squad 1993/94". foradejogo.net.
  2. ^ Tovar 2012, p. 523.
  3. ^ Tovar 2012, p. 738.
  4. ^ "Verão Quente... de 1993!" [Hot Summer...of 1993]. Se isto fosse verdade (in Portuguese). 29 February 2008. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  5. ^ "Verão quente de 93: Raptos, esconderijos e muito suspense" [Hot Summer of 1993: Kidnappings, hideouts and a lot of suspense]. Planeta Benfica (in Portuguese). 22 June 2013. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  6. ^ a b c Tovar 2012, p. 524.
  7. ^ Tovar 2012, p. 530.
  8. ^ Tovar 2012, p. 520.
  9. ^ Tovar 2012, p. 525.
  10. ^ Tovar 2012, p. 526.
  11. ^ a b Tovar 2012, p. 529.
  12. ^ a b Tovar 2012, p. 527.
  13. ^ "Recorde o 4-4 entre Benfica e Bayer Leverkusen" [Remember the 4-4 between Benfica and Bayer Leverkusen]. Publico.pt (in Portuguese). 20 December 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  14. ^ "Benfica-2 Parma-1 de 1994" [Benfica 2-1 Parma in 1994]. Memória Gloriosa (in Portuguese). 22 October 2007. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  15. ^ Tovar 2012, p. 528.
  16. ^ "Época 1993/94" [1993/94 Season]. Glória Vermelha (in Portuguese). Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  17. ^ a b c d e Tovar 2012, p. 531.
  18. ^ "Benfica - GKS Katowice".
  19. ^ "GKS Katowice - Benfica".
  20. ^ "Benfica - CKSA Sofia".
  21. ^ "CSKA Benfica".
  22. ^ "SL Benfica vs Bayer Leverkusen". Worldfootball.net. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
  23. ^ "Bayer Leverkusen vs SL Benfica". Worldfootball.net. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
  24. ^ "SL Benfica vs Parma AC". Worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 March 2012.
  25. ^ "Parma AC vs SL Benfica". Worldfootball.net. Retrieved 21 March 2012.
  26. ^ António Manuel Morais; Carlos Perdigão; João Loureiro; José de Oliveira Santos (1994). Benfica: 90 Anos de História (in Portuguese). SOGAPAL. p. 261.
  27. ^ "Squad 1993-94". worldfootball.net.

Bibliography