1951–52 Indian general election in Madras State

The 1951–52 Indian general election was the first democratic national election held in India after Independence, and the polls in Madras state were held for 62 constituencies with 75 seats. This State had the second largest number of seats, after Uttar Pradesh. The result was a victory for Indian National Congress winning 35 out of the 75 seats. While the remaining seats were won by left and independent parties, opposed to Congress. However, Congress stalwarts such as N. G. Ranga, Durgabai Deshmukh, and Mosalikanti Thirumala Rao lost in that election from the Telugu-speaking areas then referred as Andhra. Congress lost in 22 out of the 28 seats (from 23 constituencies) in majority Telugu-speaking areas (i.e. Andhra region). Reason for the poor performance in Andhra region was attributed to the party's delay in the formation of a separate State for Telugu people. It eventually led to the formation of the Andhra State in 1953 and later the linguistic reorganization of Indian states in 1956 where Kannada and Malayalam majority speaking areas were merged with Mysore and Kerala States respectively.

Indian general election in Madras, 1951

November 1951 1957 (Madras)
1957 (AP)
1957 (Kerala)
1957 (Mysore) →

75 (of 489) seats in the Lok Sabha
Registered26,980,961
Turnout15,198,376 (56.33%)
  First party Second party
 
Leader Jawaharlal Nehru Shripat Amrit Dange
Party INC CPI
Leader's seat Did not contest Did not contest
Seats won 35 8
Popular vote 7,253,452 1,783,407
Percentage 36.39% 8.95%

Voting and results

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Results by Alliance

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INC SEATS CPI SEATS OTHERS SEATS
INC 35 CPI 8 IND 15
KMPP 5
Others 12
TOTAL (1951) 35 TOTAL (1951) 8 TOTAL (1951) 75
  • Independent parties are local state parties, that are unrecognised nationally


Results by Parties

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PartyVotes%Seats
Indian National Congress7,253,45236.3935
Communist Party of India1,783,4078.958
Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party1,952,1979.796
Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party889,2924.464
Commonweal Party325,3981.633
Socialist Party1,055,4235.292
Forward Bloc (Marxist Group)332,1961.671
Indian Union Muslim League79,4700.401
Independents4,614,21023.1515
Others (7parties)1,649,1168.270
Total19,934,161100.0075
Valid votes15,063,84199.11
Invalid/blank votes134,5350.89
Total votes15,198,376100.00
Registered voters/turnout26,980,96156.33

Results by Linguistic areas

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Results by Tamil-majority constituencies

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These were 31 constituencies with 38 seats, namely Madras, Thiruvallur (2 seats), Chengalpattu, Kancheepuram, Vellore (2 seats), Vandavasi, Krishnagiri, Dharmapuri, Salem, Erode (2 seats), Tiruchengode, Tiruppur, Pollachi, Coimbatore, Pudukkottai, Perambalur, Tiruchirappalli, Thanjavur, Kumbakonam, Mayuram (2 seats), Cuddalore (2 seats), Tindivanam (2 seats), Tirunelveli, Srivaikuntam, Sankaranainarkoil, Aruppukottai, Ramanathapuram, Srivilliputhur, Madurai (2 seats), Periyakulam and Dindigul. Madras constituency had significant Telugu population.

PartyVotes%Seats
Indian National Congress4,119,79941.9726
Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party872,4188.894
Commonweal Party302,8893.092
Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party455,4994.641
Communist Party of India487,5554.971
Foward Block (Marxist Group)235,9382.401
Independents2,448,59124.953
Others892,3609.090
Total9,815,049100.0038
Valid votes7,208,23799.11
Invalid/blank votes64,3770.89
Total votes7,272,614100.00
Registered voters/turnout13,726,70652.98

Results by Telugu-majority constituencies

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These were 23 constituencies with 28 seats, namely Pathapatnam, Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam (2 seats), Kakinada, Rajahmundry (2 seats), Eluru (2 seats), Masulipatnam, Gudivada, Vijayawada, Tenali, Guntur, Narasaraopet, Ongole (2 seats), Nellore, Nandyal, Kurnool, Anantapur, Cuddapah, Chittoor (2 seats) and Tirupati.

Congress stalwarts such as N. G. Ranga, Durgabai Deshmukh, and Mosalikanti Thirumala Rao lost in that election. Reason for the poor performance of Congress in Telugu-speaking areas both in general then referred as Andhra was attributed to their delay in the formation of a separate state for Telugu people. It eventually led to the formation of the Andhra state in 1953 and later the linguistic reorganization of Indian States in 1956.

PartyVotes%Seats
Indian National Congress2,299,67029.587
Communist Party of India1,067,61813.736
Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party882,12611.352
Socialist Party430,2085.532
Independents1,870,76624.0611
Others1,224,45915.750
Total7,774,847100.0028
Valid votes6,068,22299.11
Invalid/blank votes54,1960.89
Total votes6,122,418100.00
Registered voters/turnout10,058,37860.87

Results by Kannada-majority constituencies

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These were 3 constituencies with 3 seats, namely Bellary, South Kanara (North) and South Kanara South. However, Bellary constituency had significant Telugu minority population.

PartyVotes%Seats
Indian National Congress319,71749.463
Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party174,04626.920
Socialist Party36,3715.630
Independents116,31917.990
Total646,453100.003
Valid votes646,45399.11
Invalid/blank votes5,7740.89
Total votes652,227100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,043,24662.52


Results by Malayalam-majority constituencies

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These were 5 constituencies with 6 seats, namely Cannanore, Tellicherry, Kozhikode, Malappuram and Ponnani (2 seats).

PartyVotes%Seats
Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party440,52625.953
Indian National Congress537,77531.671
Communist Party of India228,23413.441
Muslim League79,4704.681
Independents182,65210.760
Others229,15513.500
Total1,697,812100.006
Valid votes1,310,66999.23
Invalid/blank votes10,1880.77
Total votes1,320,857100.00
Registered voters/turnout2,152,62161.36

List of Elected MPs

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Telugu speaking areas had 28 seats from 23 constituencies (constituency serial numbers 1 to 24 except 19), Tamil speaking areas had 38 seats from 31 constituencies (constituency serial numbers 25 to 55), Kannada speaking areas had 3 seats from 3 (constituency serial numbers 19, 56 and 57) and Malayalam speaking areas had 6 seats from 5 constituencies (constituency numbers 58 to 62). Kannada-majority Bellary and Tamil-majority Madras has significant Telugu populations.

S.No Constituency Seats Winner Party Runner-upa Partya
1 Pathapatnam 1 V. V. Giri INC Madhusudana Jagadeva Raja Bahadur IND
2 Srikakulam 1 Boddepalli Rajagopala Rao IND Pasupathi Lakshmi Narasinha Raju INC
3 Parvathipuram 1 N Rama Seshiah IND Senapathi Sitharama Patrudu INC
4 Vizianagaram 1 Kandala Subramaniam SP Pasumarthi Veerabhadhraswami INC
5 Visakhapatnam 2 Lanka Sundaram
Gam Malludora
IND
IND
K.Subbaraju INC
6 Kakinada 1 Chelikani Venkata Rama Rao CPI Mosalikanti Thirumala Rao INC
7 Rajahmundry 2 Kaneti Mohan Rao
Nalla Reddi Naidu
CPI
SP
Gammididala Durgabhai Deshmukh
Rama Danayya
INC
INC
8 Eluru 2 Kondru Subba Rao
B. S. Murty
CPI
KMPP
K. Ramayya
C. Ammanaraja
INC
INC
9 Masulipatnam 1 Sanaka Buchhikotaiah CPI K. Ramayya INC
10 Gudivada 1 K. Gopala Rao CPI Duggirala Balarama Krishnaiah INC
11 Vijayawada 1 Harindranath Chattopadhyay IND Rajyam Sinha INC
12 Tenali 1 Kotha Raghuramaiah INC Koratala Satyanarayana CPI
13 Guntur 1 S V Laxmi Narsimhan IND N. G. Ranga INC
14 Narasaraopet 1 Chapalamadugu Ramaiah Cowdary IND Nandala Anjaneyulu Reddi INC
15 Ongole 2 M Nanadass
P. Venkataraghaviah
IND
IND
K. Venkataranga Chetti
E. Sundara Rama Reddi
KMPP
INC
16 Nellore 1 Bezawada Ramachandra Reddy IND Vennelakurthi Raghavaiah INC
17 Nandyal 1 Seshgiri Rao IND Sura Rami Reddy INC
18 Kurnool 1 Y. Gadi Lingana Goud[1] IND H Sitaram Reddy[note 1] INC
19 Bellary 1 Tekur Subramanyam INC Y. Mahabaleswarappa INC
20 Anantapur 1 Paidi Lakshmayya INC Pamidi Bayapa Reddi IND
21 Penukonda 1 K S Raghavachari KMPP Kalluri Subba Rao INC
22 Cuddapah 1 Y. Eswara Reddy CPI P. Basi Reddi INC
23 Chittoor 2 T N Vishwanatha Reddi
M V Gangadhara Siva
INC
INC
K. Nanjappa
C.L.Narasimha Reddi
KLP
KLP
24 Tirupati 1 M Ananthasayanam Ayyanagar INC N. Venkatram Naidu KLP
25 Madras 1 T. T. Krishnamachari INC Balasubramanya MDR JUSP
26 Thiruvallur 2 Maragatham Chandrasekhar
P. Natesan
INC
Guruswami
Sarojini Rajah
IND
KMPP
27 Chengalpattu 1 O. V. Alagesan INC A. R. L. Pathy KMPP
28 Kancheepuram 1 A. Krishnaswami CWL T. Chengalvarayan INC
29 Vellore 2 M. Muthukrishnan
Ramachandar
INC
CWL
N. S. Varadachari
Muhammad Anwar
INC
IND
30 Vandavasi 1 Munusami CWL Ramachandra Reddy INC
31 Krishnagiri 1 C. R. Narasimhan INC C. Doraisami Gounder IND
32 Dharmapuri 1 N. Satyanathan IND K. Subramanian INC
33 Salem 1 S. V. Ramaswami INC S. Duraikannu Pillai IND
34 Erode 2 Balakrishnan
Periasami Gounder
INC
INC
Kesavlal Jalidas Jait
Pasupathi
IND
SP
35 Tiruchengode 1 S. K. Baby IND P. Subbarayan INC
36 Tiruppur 1 T. S. Avinashilingam Chettiar INC Venkatachalam IND
37 Pollachi 1 Damodaran INC Krishnabai Nimbkar Vasudev SP
38 Coimbatore 1 T. A. Ramalingam Chettiar INC
39 Pudukkottai 1 K. M. Vallatharasu KMPP V. Ramaiah Servai INC
40 Perambalur 1 V. Boorarangaswami Padayachi TNT R. Krishnaswami Reddiar INC
41 Tiruchirappalli 1 E. Mathuram IND N. Halasyam INC
42 Thanjavur 1 R. Venkataraman INC R. Srinivasa Sharma IND
43 Kumbakonam 1 C. Ramaswamy Mudaliar INC Ramaiah IND
44 Mayuram 2 K. Ananda Nambiar
K. Santhanam
CPI
INC
V. Veeraswami
R. Subramaniam
INC
CPI
45 Cuddalore 2 Govindasamy Kachirayar
Kanakasabai
TNT
INC
L. Elayaperumal
N. Rajangan
INC
TNT
46 Tindivanam 2 A. Jayaraman
V. Munuswamy
TNT
TNT
V. I. Munuswamy Pillai
Ramnath Goenka
INC
INC
47 Tirunelveli 1 P. T. Thanu Pillai INC Adhimoolam Nadar IND
48 Srivaikuntam 1 A. V. Thomas INC M. M. Subramanian SP
49 Sankaranainarkoil 1 M. Sankarapandian INC Ahmad Ibrahim IND
50 Aruppukottai 1 U. Muthuramalinga Thevar FBL (MG) M. Gulam Mohideen INC
51 Ramanathapuram 1 V. VR. N. AR. Nagappa Chettiar INC T. Sundaram KMPP
52 Srivilliputhur 1 K. Kamaraj Nadar INC G. D. Naidu IND
53 Madurai 2 S. Balasubramaniam Kodimangalam
P. M. Kakkan
INC
INC
Thangamani Nadar
S. A. Rahim
CPI
SP
54 Periyakulam 1 A. Sakthivadivel Gounder INC C. Raghupathi Thevar FBL (MG)
55 Dindigul 1 Ammu Swaminathan INC Krishnaswami CPI
56 South Kanara (North) 1 U. Srinivas Mallya INC Jinaraja Hegde KMPP
57 South Kanara South 1 B. Shiva Rao INC K.R. Karanth KMPP
58 Cannanore 1 A. K. Gopalan CPI C.K.K. Govindan Nayar INC
59 Tellicherry 1 N. Damodaran KMPP P. Kunhiraman INC
60 Kozhikode 1 K. A. Damodara Menon KMPP Ummar Koya Parappil INC
61 Malappuram 1 B. Pocker IUML T. V. Chattukutty Nair INC
62 Ponnani 2 Kellapan Koyhapali
Vella Eacharan Iyyani
KMPP
INC
Karunakara Menon
Massan Gani
INC
IND

See also

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Bibliography

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Notes

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  1. ^ The ECI report seems to have erroneously mentions that Sitaram Reddy got highest votes in Kurnool whereas the Parliamentary archives mention that it was Lingana Goud who represented Kurnool during first Lok Sabha (1952-57).