Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1854.
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Expeditions, field work, and fossil discoveries edit
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Institutions and organizations edit
Natural history museums edit
Scientific organizations edit
Scientific advances edit
Paleoanthropology edit
Paleobotany edit
Evolutionary biology edit
Exopaleontology edit
Extinction research edit
Micropaleontology edit
Invertebrate paleozoology edit
Trace fossils edit
Vertebrate paleozoology edit
Non-mammalian synapsids described in 1854 | ||||||||
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Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images | |
Bathygnathus[2] | Valid | Joseph Leidy | Early Permian | Unnamed unit | Canada | A sphenacodontid pelycosaur. |
Nothosaurs described in 1854 | ||||||||
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Name | Status | Authors | Age | Location | Notes | |||
Deirosaurus | Junior synonym | Owen | Late Triassic | Italy | Junior synonym of Lariosaurus. |
Prehistoric dinosaurs described in 1854 | ||||||||
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Name | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images | |
Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Sinemurian) |
Junior subjective synonym of Massospondylus. |
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Valid |
Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Sinemurian) |
A massospondylid. a Small Plant-Eating Sauropodomorph. |
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Valid |
Early Cretaceous (Berriasian) |
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Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Sinemurian) |
Junior subjective synonym of Massospondylus. |
Research techniques edit
Fossil trade edit
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Law and politics edit
Regulation of fossil collection, transport, or sale edit
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Official symbols edit
Protected areas edit
Ethics and practice edit
Hoaxes edit
Scandals edit
Unethical practice edit
People edit
Births edit
Awards and recognition edit
Deaths edit
Historiography and anthropology of paleontology edit
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Pseudoscience edit
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Popular culture edit
Amusement parks and attractions edit
Art edit
Comics edit
Film edit
Gaming edit
Literature edit
- The Fossil Spirit: A Boy's Dream of Geology by John Mill was published. The story features a fakir from Hindostan telling a group of boys about his past lives as prehistoric creatures across geologic time. One such life as was lived as an Iguanodon who was attacked by a Megalosaurus. Apart from this fight scene, paleontologist William A. S. Sarjeant has dismissed the book as a "singularly turgid and heavily didactic text."[4]
Philately edit
Television edit
References edit
- ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
- ^ Leidy, J. 1854. Remarks on Bathygnathus borealis (Article XVI). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia (2nd Series) Volume VIII, part 4: pp. 449-451;
- ^ a b c d Owen, R. 1854. Descriptive catalogue of the fossil organic remains of reptilia contained in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. British Museum (Natural History), London: 184 pages.
- ^ Sarjeant, W. A. S., 2001, Dinosaurs in fiction: In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, pp. 504-529.