Events from the year 1740 in art.
- February 16 – Giambattista Bodoni, Italian typographer, type-designer, compositor, printer and publisher (died 1813)
- March 2 – Nicholas Pocock, English marine painter (died 1821)
- May 28 – Fedot Shubin, Russian sculptor (died 1805)
- September 7 – Johan Tobias Sergel, Swedish sculptor (died 1814)
- September 17 – John Hamilton Mortimer, British Neoclassical painter known primarily for his romantic paintings and Italian landscapes (died 1779)
- October 31 – Philip James de Loutherbourg, English miniaturist (died 1812)
- November 24 – John Bacon, British sculptor (died 1799)
- date unknown
- Innocente Alessandri, Italian engraver, born in Venice (died unknown)
- Margaret Bingham, British painter and writer (died 1814)
- William Beilby, British glassworker and enameller (died 1819)
- Claude André Deseine, French sculptor (died 1823)
- Edmund Garvey, Irish painter (died 1813)
- Charles-Étienne Gaucher, French engraver (died 1804)
- Nathaniel Grogan Irish painter from Cork (died 1807)
- William Marlow, English marine painter (died 1813)
- Nikola Nešković, Serbian religious painter of icons, frescoes, and portraits (died 1789)
- Mariano Ramon Sanchez, Spanish painter primarily of portrait miniatures (died 1822)
- probable
- January 30 – Amalia Königsmarck, Swedish painter (born 1663)
- February 23 – Massimiliano Soldani Benzi, Italian sculptor and medallist (born 1656)
- April 21 – Antonio Balestra, Italian Rococo painter (born 1666)
- May 18 – Giuseppe Palmieri , Italian painter (born 1674)
- June – Jan Frans van Bloemen, Flemish landscape painter (born 1662)
- July 16 – Jan Kupecký, Czech and Slovak portrait painter (born 1667)
- July 20 – Giuseppe Antonio Caccioli, Italian painter (born 1672)
- July 21 – Johann Evangelist Holzer, Austrian-German painter (born 1709)
- September 2 – Pietro Bianchi, Italian painter, active in Genoa and Rome (born 1694)
- November 22 – Georg Gsell, Swiss painter (born 1673)
- December 24 – Bernard Lens III, English artist known primarily for his portrait miniatures (born 1682)
- date unknown
- Francesco Costa, Italian painter of ornaments and quadratura (born 1672)
- Franz de Paula Ferg, Austrian landscape painter (born 1689)
- Francesco Fernandi, Italian painter (born 1679)
- Jean Joly, French sculptor (born 1650)
- Antonio Lorenzini, Italian painter and engraver (born 1655)
- Grigoriis Musikiysky, Russian painter (born 1670)
- Giacomo Pavia, Italian painter, active mainly in his native Bologna (born 1655)
- Giovanni Felice Ramelli, Italian miniaturist (born 1666)
- Arcangelo Resani, Italian painter of animals and hunted game (born 1670)
- Giuseppe Rivola, Italian painter (born unknown)
- Jacob van Huysum, Dutch botanical artist (born 1687)
- probable – Guglielmo da Leoni, Italian painter and engraver (born 1664)
