Portal:Georgia (country)

Portal: Georgia
Portal: Georgia



საქართველოს გერბი
საქართველოს გერბი

Georgia (Georgian: საქართველო, romanized: sakartvelo, IPA: [sakʰartʰʷelo] ) is a transcontinental country in the Caucasus region. Spanning Eastern Europe and West Asia, it is bounded by the Black Sea to the west, Russia to the north and northeast, Turkey to the southwest, Armenia to the south, and Azerbaijan to the southeast. Georgia covers an area of 69,700 square kilometres (26,900 sq mi), comprising a diverse landscape of mountains, valleys, subtropical plains, and forests. It has a population of 3.7 million, of which over a third live in the capital and largest city, Tbilisi. Georgians, who are indigenous to the region, constitute a majority and are the titular nation of the country.

Georgia has been inhabited since prehistory, hosting the world's earliest known sites of winemaking, gold mining, and textiles. The classical era saw the emergence of several kingdoms, such as Colchis and Iberia, that formed the nucleus of the modern Georgian state. In the early fourth century, Georgians officially adopted Christianity, which contributed to their ethnogenesis and gradual unification into the Kingdom of Georgia by the early 11th century. Georgia reached its Golden Age during the High Middle Ages under the reigns of King David IV and Queen Tamar. Beginning in the 15th century, the kingdom gradually declined and disintegrated under the hegemony of various regional powers, including the Mongols, the Ottoman Empire, and Persia, before being gradually annexed into the Russian Empire during the 19th century.

After the Russian Revolution in 1917, Georgia briefly emerged as an independent republic under German protection, but was invaded and annexed by the Soviet Union in 1922, becoming one of its constituent republics. In the 1980s, an independence movement grew quickly, leading to Georgia's secession from the Soviet Union in April 1991. For much of the subsequent decade, the country endured economic crises, political instability, and secessionist wars in Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Following the peaceful Rose Revolution in 2003, Georgia strongly pursued a pro-Western foreign policy, introducing a series of democratic and economic reforms aimed at integration into the European Union and NATO. This Western orientation led to worsening relations with Russia, culminating in the Russo-Georgian War of 2008 and continued Russian occupation of parts of Georgia.

Georgia is a representative democracy governed as a unitary parliamentary republic. It is a developing country with an emerging free market economy, undertaking ongoing reforms that have increased economic freedom and reduced corruption, poverty, and unemployment, which remain challenges. Georgia ranks high in metrics of press freedom and civil liberties by regional standards; in 2018, it became the second country in the world, and the only former socialist state, to legalize cannabis. Georgia is a member of numerous international organizations, including the Council of Europe, Eurocontrol, BSEC, GUAM, Energy Community. As part of the Association Trio, Georgia is a candidate for EU membership. (Full article...)

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Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people in Georgia face significant challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Georgia is one of the few post-Soviet states (others being the Baltic states, Moldova, and Ukraine) that directly prohibits discrimination against all LGBT people in legislation, labor-related or otherwise. Since 2012, Georgian law has considered crimes committed on the grounds of one's sexual orientation or gender identity an aggravating factor in prosecution. The legislative ban on discrimination has been enacted as a part of the Government efforts to bring the country closer to the European Union and make the country's human rights record in line with the demands of Georgia's European and Euro-Atlantic integration.

Despite this, homosexuality is still considered a major deviation from the highly traditional Orthodox Christian values prevalent in the country, where public discussions of sexuality in general tend to be viewed in a highly negative light. Consequently, homosexuals are often targets of abuse and physical violence, often actively encouraged by religious leaders. (Full article...)

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Svaneti region, Western Georgia
Svaneti region, Western Georgia
Svaneti region, Western Georgia
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Did you know...

Meri Shervashidze
Meri Shervashidze
  • ...Erekle II (1720-1798), king of Kartl-Kakheti, married three times and had thirteen sons and 10 daughters...
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Regions (clickable map)

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This is a Good article, an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards.

Gubazes II (Georgian: გუბაზ II, Greek: Γουβάζης) was king of Lazica (modern western Georgia) from circa 541 until his assassination in 555. He was one of the central personalities of the Lazic War (541–562). He originally ascended the throne as a vassal of the Byzantine Empire, but the heavy-handed actions of the Byzantine authorities led him to seek the assistance of Byzantium's main rival, Sassanid Persia. The Byzantines were evicted from Lazica with the aid of a Persian army in 541, but the Persian occupation of the country turned out to be worse, and by 548, Gubazes was requesting assistance from Byzantium. Gubazes remained a Byzantine ally during the next few years, as the two empires fought for control of Lazica, with the fortress of Petra as the focal point of the struggle. Gubazes eventually quarrelled with the Byzantine generals over the fruitless continuation of the war, and was assassinated by them. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various Georgia-related articles on Wikipedia.

Main topics

                    
Geography... 

Geography of Georgia (C)

                    
History... 

History of Georgia (C)

                    
Culture... 

Culture of Georgia (country) (C)

                    
Economy... 

Economy of Georgia (C)

                    
Healthcare... 

Healthcare in Georgia (country)

                    
Politics... 

Politics of Georgia (country) (C)

                    
Sports... 

Sport in Georgia (country)

                    
Tourism... 

Tourism in Georgia (country)

                    
People... 
Shota Rustaveli
Shota Rustaveli

Famous Georgians (C)


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Selected panorama

Bakuriani in Winter
Bakuriani in Winter
The panoramic view of ski resort Bakuriani in wintertime.
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Religions in Georgia


Post Soviet states


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