The China Zhi Gong Party (Chinese: 中国致公党; pinyin: Zhōngguó Zhìgōngdǎng; lit. 'Public Interest Party of China') is one of the eight minor political parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.
China Zhi Gong Party 中国致公党 Zhōngguó Zhìgōngdǎng | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Chairperson | Jiang Zuojun |
| Founder | Chen Jiongming and Tang Jiyao |
| Founded | 10 October 1925; in San Francisco, California, U.S. |
| Preceded by | Hongmen |
| Headquarters | Beijing |
| Newspaper | China Development China Zhi Gong |
| Membership (2022) | 69,000 |
| Ideology | Socialism with Chinese characteristics 1925–1947: Federalism Multi-party democracy |
| Slogan | "Committed to the public" (致力为公; Zhìlì wèi gōng) |
| National People's Congress (13th) | 38 / 2,980 |
| NPC Standing Committee | 3 / 175 |
| Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference | 30 / 544 (Seats for political parties) |
| Website | |
| www | |
| China Zhi Gong Party | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中國致公黨 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中国致公党 | ||||||
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| Tibetan name | |||||||
| Tibetan | ཀྲུང་གོ་ཀྲི་ཀུང་ཏང། | ||||||
| |||||||
| Zhuang name | |||||||
| Zhuang | Cunghgoz Ceiqgoeng Danj | ||||||
| Mongolian name | |||||||
| Mongolian Cyrillic | Дундад улсын зии хүн даан нам | ||||||
| Mongolian script | ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠬᠦᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩ ᠨᠠᠮ | ||||||
| Uyghur name | |||||||
| Uyghur | جۇڭگو ئادالەتچىلەر پارتىيىسى | ||||||
| Manchu name | |||||||
| Manchu script | ᡷᡳᡳᡬᠣᠩᡩᠠᠩ | ||||||
| Romanization | Zhig'ongdang | ||||||
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The China Zhi Gong Party was founded on 10 October 1925 in San Francisco as a party advocating for federalism and multi-party democracy. In 1926, it moved its headquarters to Hong Kong and was nearly wiped out during the Japanese occupation of the city. The party later gradually moved towards the CCP, attending the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, it has been a minor party under the leadership of the CCP.
The party's members are mainly returned overseas Chinese and their relatives, as well as people with overseas connections. Some scholars have described the Zhi Gong Party as "gathering non-party voices to support the party". It is the sixth-ranking minor party in China. It currently has 39 seats in the National People's Congress, 3 seats in the NPC Standing Committee and 65 seats in the CPPCC. Its current chairman is Jiang Zuojun.
History
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The China Zhi Gong Party derives from the overseas Hung Society organization "Hung Society Zhigong Hall" or "Chee Kung Tong", based in San Francisco, United States. This organization was one of the key supporters of Sun Yat-sen in his revolutionary efforts to overthrow the Qing dynasty.
The party was founded on 10 October 1925 in San Francisco, and was led by Chen Jiongming and Tang Jiyao, two ex-Kuomintang warlords that went into opposition. Their first platform was federalism and multi-party democracy. The party moved its headquarters to the then-British colony of Hong Kong in 1926. After the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931 it began engaging in anti-Japanese propaganda and boycotts. The party was nearly wiped out during the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong. The party turned to the left during its third party congress in 1947.[1][non-primary source needed]
On 21 September 1949, just before the proclamation of the People's Republic of China, representatives of the CZGP attended the first plenary Session of the CPPCC at the invitation of the CCP. They participated in drawing up the Common Program and electing the Central People's Government. As part of the CCP's reorganization of the minor aligned parties, the CZGP was designated as the party of returned overseas Chinese, their relatives, and noted figures and scholars who have overseas ties.[2]
The Zhi Gong Party is sometimes used as an intermediary for contacts with certain foreign interests. For example, when a delegation of Paraguayan politicians visited Beijing in 2001 and met Li Peng (despite Paraguay having diplomatic relations not with PRC but with ROC in Taiwan), it was invited not by the PRC government or the CCP, but by the Zhi Gong Party.[3]
In April 2007, Wan Gang, Deputy Chair of the Zhi Gong Party Central Committee, was appointed Ministry of Science and Technology. This was the first non-CCP ministerial appointment in China in 35 years.[4]
Organization
editAccording to its constitution, the China Zhi Gong Party is officially committed to socialism with Chinese characteristics and upholding the leadership of the CCP.[5] It is the sixth-ranking minor party in China.[6] The party is a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), a principal organization in the CCP's united front strategy.[2][7]
The highest body of the China Zhi Gong Party officially is the National Congress, which is held every five years. The 16th National Congress, held in December 2022, was the most recently held Party Congress. The National Congress elects the Central Committee of the China Zhi Gong Party.[5] As of November 2022[update], the party has organizations in 21 province-level administrative divisions throughout China.[8] The party publishes the newspapers China Development[9] and China Zhi Gong.[10]
Composition
editAccording to the State Council Information Office, the China Zhi Gong Party is "mainly composed of the middle and higher ranks of returned overseas Chinese and their relatives, and representatives of people with overseas connections". In November 2022, the party had 69,000 members.[8] [7] Some scholars have described the Zhi Gong Party as "gathering non-party voices to support the party".[11]
Chairpersons
edit| No. | Chairperson | Took office | Left office | Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
Chen Jiongming
陈炯明 |
October 1925 | September 1933 | |
| 2 | 
|
Chen Yansheng
陈演生 |
1933 | 1947 | |
| 3 | 
|
Li Jishen
李济深 |
May 1947 | April 1950 | |
| 4 | 
|
Chen Qiyou
陈其尤 |
April 1950 | 1966 | |
| 5 | 
|
Huang Dingchen
黄鼎臣 |
October 1979 | April 1988 | |
| 6 |
|
Dong Yinchu
董寅初 |
April 1988 | November 1997 | |
| 7 |
|
Luo Haocai
罗豪才 |
November 1997 | December 2007 | |
| 8 | 
|
Wan Gang
万钢 |
December 21, 2007 | December 14, 2022 | [12] |
| 9 | 
|
Jiang Zuojun
蒋作君 |
December 14, 2022 | Incumbent | |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "纪念中国致公党"三大"召开七十周年". China Zhi Gong Party. Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
- ^ a b To, James Jiann Hua (15 May 2014). Qiaowu: Extra-Territorial Policies for the Overseas Chinese. Brill. p. 80. ISBN 978-90-04-27228-6.
- ^ "Chinese Top Legislator Meets Paraguayan Delegation". People's Daily. 5 June 2011. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
- ^ "新中国首任部长中的党外人士" [Outsiders of the Party among the first ministers of the new China]. People's Daily. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
- ^ a b "中国致公党章程" [Constitution of the China Zhi Gong Party]. China Zhi Gong Party. 14 December 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2024.
- ^ "我国八个民主党派排序考". Lishui Municipal Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. 9 December 2012. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
- ^ a b Tatlow, Didi Kirsten (12 July 2019). "The Chinese Influence Effort Hiding in Plain Sight". The Atlantic. ISSN 1072-7825. Retrieved 13 December 2020.
- ^ a b "新闻背景：中国致公党" [News background: China Zhi Gong Party]. Xinhua News Agency. 13 December 2022. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
- ^ "中国发展". Archived from the original on 12 September 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
- ^ "::中国致公党::". Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
- ^ Tatlow, Didi Kirsten; Feldwisch-Drentrup, Hinnerk; Fedasiuk, Ryan (3 August 2020), Hannas, William C.; Tatlow, Didi Kirsten (eds.), "Europe: A technology transfer mosaic", China’s Quest for Foreign Technology (1 ed.), Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, pp. 113–129, doi:10.4324/9781003035084-10, ISBN 978-1-003-03508-4, S2CID 243421133
- ^ "::中国致公党::". Archived from the original on 29 June 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
External links
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