Joseph ben Meïr Ibn Zabara (c. 1140 – c. 1200) was a Spanish-Jewish physicist, poet and satirist.[3] Although much of his work has been lost, he is noted as the author of Sefer Sha'ashu'im, or in English, the Book of Delights.
Joseph Zabara | |
|---|---|
| Joseph ben Meïr Ibn Zabara | |
| Born | c. 1140 |
| Died | c. 1200 Barcelona[2] |
Life and work
editJoseph ibn Zabara (1140-1200) was born in Barcelona in 1140 and lived most of his life there. He was educated firstly by his father, Yosef, a physician and later at the Hebrew School of Medicine in Narbonne under Joseph Kimhi, the founder of the prominent Kimhi family.[4] He was also trained in religious thought, philosophy, astronomy and Arabic.[5]
His only known extant work is the Sefer Sha'ashu'im, or in English, the Book of Delight of the maqāmah genre.[4] The two first known manuscripts were published by Isaac Arish in Constantinople in 1577, and one in 15th Century Paris,[6] but the book is thought to have been finished around 1200.[4] It contains a series of stories and fables, modeled after the Kalilah wa-Dimnah.[3] It also bears similarities to Arabian Nights.[6]
Zabara was probably the first to write Hebrew in rhymed prose, with interspersed snatches of verse, a form used by Arabian poets.[4] The book is thought to be semi-autobiographical, and similarities can be seen in the book and Zabara's life.[4] His work in some sections is philogynist, while in other parts he writes misogynist satires.[4] The work is a unique case, it being the earliest known European series of fables and witticisms which were partly of Indian and partly of Greek extraction.[4]
List of Fables
editHis fables are as listed below:
- The Giant Guest[4]
- The Fox and the Leopard[4]
- The Fox and the Lion[4]
- The Goldsmith who followed his Wife's Counsel[4]
- In Dispraise of Woman[4]
- The Widow and her Husband's Corpse[4]
- The Leopard's Fate[4]
- The Journey Begun by Joseph and Enun[4]
- The Clever Girl and the King's Dream[4]
- The Night's Rest[4]
- The Nobleman and the Necklace[4]
- The Son and the Slave[4]
- The Story of Tobit[4]
- The Paralytic, the Man who Honoured His Father, and He who Adorned the Crucifix[4]
- Table Talk[4]
- The City of Enan[4]
- The Princess and the Rose[4]
- Question and Answer[4]
- Enan Reveals Himself[4]
- Enan's Friend and His Daughter[4]
- The Washerwoman who did the Devil's Work[4]
- Joseph Returns Home to Barcelona[4]
References
edit- ^ "Ibn Zabara (or Zabarra), Joseph ben Meir".
- ^ "Ibn Zabara [Zabara], Joseph (C. 1140-c. 1200) : The Blackwell Dictionary of Judaica : Blackwell Reference Online". Archived from the original on 14 May 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
- ^ a b "Joseph Zabara (Joseph ben Meïr Zabara) - JewishEncyclopedia.com".
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Abrahams, I. (April 1894). "Joseph Zabara and His "Book of Delight"". The Jewish Quarterly Review. 6 (3): 502–532. doi:10.2307/1450057. JSTOR 1450057.
- ^ Cole, P. (ed), "The Dream of the Poem: Hebrew Poetry from Muslim and Christian Spain, 950-1492", Princeton University Press, 2009, p. 200; Abrahams, I., "The Book of Delight and Other Papers", (1912) Project Gutenberg edition, 2011 http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/9886/pg9886.txt
- ^ a b Weeks, Stuart; Gathercole, Simon; Stuckenbruck, Loren (2004). The Book of Tobit. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 57–58. ISBN 9783110897029.
External links
editFurther reading
edit- J.N. Mattock, "The Early History of the Maqama", "Journal of Arabic Literature", Vol. 25, 1989, pp 1–18
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Joseph Zabara". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
