Victor Hirtzler (ca. 1875, Strasbourg – February 9, 1931, Strasbourg) was a French chef who was head chef of San Francisco, California's St. Francis Hotel from its opening in 1904 until 1926. One of America's first celebrity chefs,[1] he publicized himself and his hotel by inventing dishes, writing cookbooks, and hosting meals.
Victor Hirtzler | |
|---|---|
 Lithograph of Victor Hirtzler from The Hotel St. Francis Cook Book | |
| Born | ca. 1875 |
| Died | February 9, 1931 |
| Education | Grand Hotel, Paris, France |
| Culinary career | |
| Cooking style | Classic French, Alsatian |
Previous restaurant(s)
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Biography
editHirtzler was born in approximately 1875 in Strasbourg, German Empire.[2] He trained at the Grand Hotel in Paris, France, served as cook and food taster to Czar Nicholas II,[2] and chef du cuisine for Carlos I of Portugal,[3] before moving to Sherry's and the Waldorf in New York City.[4] In 1904 he moved to San Francisco to manage food service at the recently opened St. Francis Hotel on Union Square.
The hotel survived the San Francisco earthquake of 1906, and opened for breakfast as usual that morning, shortly after the quake, to the surprise and admiration of the city's residents. Hirtzler created and named a dish after Enrico Caruso,[Note 1] a prominent guest at the time.[5] For a number of years, including the 100th anniversary of the disaster, the hotel recreated the morning's menu for a special "Earthquake Survivor Breakfast" in honor of the last few remaining survivors, with dishes including "Chilled Rhubarb Stew", "Southern Hominy with Cream", and "Eggs with Black Truffles in Puff Pastry".[6][7][8] However, the hotel interior was soon gutted by fires sweeping the city,[2] and the main part of the hotel closed until 1907.
Known for a thick French accent, a pointed beard and curled moustache,[9] showy costumes that included a red fez, and frequent appearances to greet guests and dignitaries throughout the hotel, Hirtzler "exceeded even the Hollywood portrait of a master chef".[10] His cooking style was French, and he specialized in offering his guests many choices: "A typical dinner menu would offer a choice of fourteen cheeses, twenty clam or oyster dishes, eleven soups, twenty-four relishes, seventeen kinds of fish, and fifty-eight entrées from hamburger to Bohemian ham." Breakfasts included 203 different preparations of eggs,[10] such as "Eggs Moscow" stuffed with caviar. In addition to naming dishes after guests (such as "Eggs Sarah Bernhardt", with diced chicken),[9] Hirtzler invented or renamed a number of dishes after himself including "Chicken Salad Victor", "Crab Cocktail Victor", "Victor Dressing", and the best known, "Celery Victor".[2] Hirtzler may also have invented "Crab Louie".[11]
Hirtzler returned to Strasbourg in 1925, returning to San Francisco briefly in 1926 for the opening of the Mark Hopkins Hotel on Nob Hill.[12] He died in Strasbourg, France, on February 9, 1931, as announced in the Hotel Monthly (Chicago, John Willy). Late in life, Victor had married Regina Caspary (1882–1955), of Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, daughter of the wagon-maker and bottling company owner, Adam Caspary (1835–1907).
Publications
edit- L'Art Culinaire. Beginning in 1910 Hirtzler promoted his hotel, and his status as a chef, by publishing cookbooks structured as a series of multi-course menus for three meals per day, every day of the year. He titled the initial version (in a "popular" and more expensive "subscription" edition with a 9-page introductory list of "patrons") L'Art Culinaire, after Le guide culinaire, the landmark cookbook by French chef Georges Auguste Escoffier, whom Hirtzler considered a rival.[2][10] Comprising many French and French-inspired dishes, and written in a similar abbreviated style as Escoffier's book, (e.g. soup stocks are specified as to be cooked "in the usual way", and ingredients such as tarragon vinegar are specified despite being hard to find in most of America at the time) Hirtzler nevertheless included many local dishes and ingredients, such as "California raisins", "cactus fruit" and "Boston baked beans."[2]
- The Hotel St. Francis Cookbook.[13][14][15][16][17][18] This 1919 edition is the best known of Hirtzler's St. Francis cookbooks.[5][10]
Notes
edit- ^ The dish was 'Spaghetti Caruso' or 'Macaroni Caruso' and consisted of pasta with a sauce of mushrooms, tomato, shallots and garlic.
References
edit- ^ Karola Saekel (2005-09-07). "Culinary Pioneers:From Acme bread to Zuni Cafe, the Bay Area has shaped how America eats". San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ a b c d e f Linda Civitello (2007). Cuisine and Culture: A History of Food and People. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-74172-5.
- ^ "Dining". Westin St. Francis.
- ^ Library History. Vol. 5. Library History Group, Library Association. 1981.
- ^ a b Victor Hirtzler (1919) The Hotel St. Francis Cookbook
- ^ Eric Brazil (2000-04-19). "28 '06 earthquake survivors show up for the anniversary; 1st Asian American joins the party, hears an official apology". San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ Eric Brazil (2001-04-18). "'06 survivors can't forget". San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ "The Last Survivors of the '06 San Francisco Earthquake and Fire Will Gather at the Westin St. Francis to Share Memories of That Fateful Morning 100 Years Ago". Westin St. Francis (press release). 2006.
- ^ a b Mick Sinclair (2004). San Francisco. Signal Books. ISBN 978-1-902669-65-6.
- ^ a b c d "Feeding America:The Hotel St. Francis Cook Book". The Michigan State University Library. 2004-05-21.
- ^ Valerie Phillips (2003-05-21). "A salad by any other name..." Deseret News.
- ^ Northside, San Francisco (2008), Ernest Beyl, "Victor Hirtzler, Alsatian superstar chef was surrounded by P.R. haze"
- ^ The Hotel St. Francis Cook Book by Victor Hirtzler - Free Ebook - gutenberg.org
- ^ The Hotel St. Francis cook book (c1919) : Hirtzler, Victor, ca. 1875-1935 : Free : Internet Archive
- ^ The Hotel St. Francis cook book; (1919) : Hirtzler, Victor : Free : Internet Archive
- ^ The Hotel St. Francis cook book; (c1919) : Hirtzler, Victor : Free : Internet Archive
- ^ The Hotel St. Francis Cook Book (1919) : Victor Hirtzler : Free : Internet Archive
- ^ The Hotel St. Francis Cook Book by Victor Hirtzler - New, Rare & Used Books at Alibris