List of SpaceX Starship Launches
Since April 2023, SpaceX Starship vehicles have flown 4 times, with 2 successes and 2 failures. SpaceX has developed Starship with the intention of lowering launch costs using economies of scale.[1] SpaceX aims to achieve this by reusing both rocket stages, increasing payload mass to orbit, increasing launch frequency, creating a mass-manufacturing pipeline and adapting it to a wide range of space missions.[2][3] Starship is the latest project in SpaceX's reusable launch system development program and plan to colonize Mars.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Starship-IFT2-ascent.jpg/220px-Starship-IFT2-ascent.jpg)
There are currently three planned versions of Starshop, v1, v2, and v3.[4] As of June 2024, only v1 vehicles have flown.[4]
Both Starship's first and second stages are reusable, and can be caught via the arms used to assemble the rocket at the pad.[5]
Nomenclature
editSpaceX calls the entire launch vehicle "Starship", which consists of the Super Heavy first-stage booster and the ambiguously named Starship second-stage.[6] To avoid confusion, "Starship" in this article on the flight testing phase (2019–2024) means the second-stage, while the complete launch vehicle will be referred by the particular prototype booster and ship serial number. For example, the integrated flight test 1 booster was Booster 7 (B7), the spacecraft was Ship 24 (S24), and the launch vehicle stack is referred to as Ship 24/Booster 7, or S24/B7.[7]
The first tests started with the construction of an initial flight prototype in 2018, Starhopper, which performed several static fire tests plus two successful low-altitude flights in 2019.[8] SpaceX began constructing the first full-size Starship Mk1 and Mk2 upper-stage prototypes before 2019, at the SpaceX facilities in Boca Chica, Texas, and Cocoa, Florida, respectively. After the Mk prototypes, SpaceX began naming its new Starship upper-stage prototypes with the prefix "SN", short for "serial number".[9] Around mid-2021, SpaceX changed their naming scheme from "SN" to "Ship", or simply "S," for Starship vehicles,[10] and from "BN" to "Booster," or simply "B," for Super Heavy boosters.[11]
Statistics
editStarship vehicles have been launched 4 times over 1 year, resulting in 2 full successes (50%), and two in-flight failures (IFT-1, IFT-2).
Starship 1 has been launched three times between April 2023 to June 2024, and will be replaced by Starship 2 after another four flights.
Vehicle variants
edit- Starship v1
- Starship v2
- Starship v3
- Starship Crew
- Starship HLS
- Starship Tanker
Launch outcomes
edit- Failure[i]
- Partial failure
- Success (empty)
- Success (payload)
- Success (crew)
- Planned (empty)
- Planned (payload)
- Planned (crew)
Booster landings
edit- Precluded
- Ocean failure
- Tower failure
- Ocean success[ii]
- Tower success
- No attempt
Past launches
edit2023
editMission | Date and time (UTC) |
Version | Booster, ship | Launch site |
Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
Ship landing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IFT-1 | 20 April 2023 13:33:09 |
1 | B7 S24 |
Starbase, OLM-A | None | None | Transatmospheric[12] | SpaceX | Failure (SpaceX declared success) |
Precluded (ocean) |
Precluded (ocean) |
The first integrated flight test of Starship was the first flight test of the full launch vehicle with both the Super Heavy booster and the Starship upper stage integrated. If all early parts of the test were nominal on the test plan, the booster would ultimately make a powered splashdown in the Gulf of Mexico, and the ship would enter a transatmospheric Earth orbit before reentering and impacting the Pacific Ocean north of Hawaii. Three engines were shut down before the booster lifted off the launch mount, with at least three more engines shutting down during booster powered flight. The vehicle eventually entered an uncontrolled spin before stage separation due to loss of thrust vector control. The flight termination system detonated with the intent to destroy the vehicle immediately, but the vehicle remained intact until T+3:59, more than 40 seconds after activation of the flight termination system.[13] SpaceX declared this flight a success, as their primary goal was to only clear the pad.[14] The launch resulted in extensive damage to the orbital launch mount and the infrastructures around it, including the propellant tank farm. | |||||||||||
IFT-2 | 18 November 2023 13:02:50[15][16] |
1 | B9 S25 |
Starbase, OLM-A | None | None | Transatmospheric | SpaceX | Failure (SpaceX declared success) |
Failure (ocean) |
Precluded (ocean) |
The second integrated flight test of Starship had a test flight profile similar to the first flight, with the addition of a new hot-staging technique and the introduction of a water deluge system as part of the ground support equipment at the launch pad. During the first stage ascent, all 33 engines fired to full duration. Starship and Super Heavy successfully accomplished a hot-staging separation. After initiating a flip maneuver and initiating boostback burn, several booster engines began shutting down, due to filter blockage.[17] One engine failed explosively, with the damage caused resulting in a loss of the booster.[17]
The upper stage ascended normally for another six minutes.[18] A leak in the aft section developed while a planned liquid oxygen venting was underway, triggering a combustion event that interrupted communication between the craft’s flight computers, causing full engine shutdown.[17] The Autonomous Flight Safety System detected this mission rule violation and activated the flight termination system (FTS) as the ship reached an altitude of ~148 km and velocity of ~24,000 km/h.[17] |
2024
editMission | Date and time (UTC) |
Version | Booster, ship | Launch site |
Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
Booster landing |
Ship landing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IFT-3 | 14 March 2024 13:25:00[19] |
1 | B10 S28 |
Starbase, OLM-A | None | None | Suborbital | SpaceX | Success | Failure (ocean) |
Failure (ocean) |
The third integrated flight test of Starship included a full-duration burn of the second-stage engines, an internal propellant-transfer demonstration, and a test of the Starlink dispenser door. If the test sequence had progressed further, additional tests would have included an in-space relight followed by a hard splashdown of the ship in the Indian Ocean, approximately 1 hour 4 minutes after launch.[20][21][22]
The booster successfully propelled the spacecraft to staging, with 13 engines successfully ignited for a boostback burn, though 6 engines failed a few seconds before the end of the burn. However, several minutes later, during the landing burn ignition, only three engines ignited, and the booster was destroyed by unknown causes at an altitude of 462 meters above the ocean.[22] The spacecraft trajectory was suborbital, with a 234 km (145 mi) apogee and −50 km (−31 mi) perigee,[23] although the ship did reach orbital speed.[24]). A scheduled restart of a Raptor engine for a prograde burn test did not occur, which would have resulted in a 50 km (31 mi) perigee and somewhat later entry into the atmosphere.[23] Minutes into atmospheric re-entry, Ship 28's telemetry cut off, leading SpaceX to conclude the ship had disintegrated prior to its planned splashdown. | |||||||||||
IFT-4 | 6 June 2024 12:50:00 |
1 | B11 S29 |
Starbase, OLM-A | None | None | Suborbital | SpaceX | Success | Success (ocean) |
Success (ocean) |
IFT-4 was to use almost the same trajectory as IFT-3. It would not test the Pez Dispenser, or in-space relight, though the ship was to relight its engines for a landing burn.[25] B11 was to attempt a landing on a "virtual tower", in preparation for a catch during IFT-5.[26]
Launch included a loss of a single Raptor engine on booster, but the booster still managed to perform in accordance to it's flight profile and conduct a successful controlled splashdown in the Gulf of Mexico.[27] The spacecraft performed a successful re-entry despite severe forward flap damage, with the spacecraft still conducted a successful controlled splashdown in the Indian Ocean.[28] |
Future launches
edit2024
editMission | Date and time (UTC) |
Version | Booster, ship | Launch site |
Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Booster landing |
Ship landing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IFT-5 | NET August 2024 | 1 | B12 S30 |
Starbase, OLM-A | Unknown | Unknown | TBA | SpaceX | Planned (unknown) |
Planned (ocean) |
After the successful booster splashdown during IFT-4, Elon Musk stated that Flight 5 will involve a catch of the Super Heavy booster on the tower.[29] | ||||||||||
IFT-6 | 2024 | 1 | B13 S31 |
Starbase, OLM-A | Unknown | Unknown | TBA | SpaceX | Planned (tower) |
Planned (unknown) |
As of June 2024, the flight profile for IFT-6 is unknown. | ||||||||||
7 | 2024 | 1.5[a][30] | B14, S33[31] | Starbase, OLM-A | Unknown | Unknown | TBA | SpaceX | Planned (tower) |
Planned (unknown) |
As of June 2024, the flight profile for Flight 8 is unknown. Flight 7 will feature the first flight of a v2 ship.[31] | ||||||||||
8 | 2024 | 1.5[a] | B15, Unkown | Starbase, OLM-A | Unknown | Unknown | TBA | SpaceX | Planned (tower) |
Planned (unknown) |
As of June 2024, the flight profile for Flight 8 is unknown. |
2025
editMission | Date and time (UTC) |
Version | Booster, ship | Launch site |
Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Booster landing |
Ship landing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Propellant Transfer Demo | NET 2025[32] | 2 | TBA | TBA | Unknown | Unknown | Low Earth Orbit | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) |
NET 2025[32] | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | Low Earth Orbit | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
Propellant transfer demonstration between Starships. Launches will be 3-4 weeks apart, using the same launch pad.[32] | ||||||||||
HLS Demo | NET 2025[34] | 2 | TBA | TBA | Unknown | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
No attempt |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2025 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NASA demonstration mission for the Human Landing System prior to Artemis 3, announced in April 2021.[34] |
2026
editMission | Date and time (UTC) |
Version | Booster, ship | Launch site |
Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Booster landing |
Ship landing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Artemis 3 | NET 2026 | 2[34] | TBA | TBA | Unknown | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
No attempt |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
First crewed lunar landing since Apollo 17.[34] | ||||||||||
Astrolab FLEX rover mission[35] | NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Astrolab FLEX Rover | >2 tons[36] | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
No attempt |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET Mid 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Astrolab | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
Flexible Logistics and Exploration (FLEX) rover will include 1,000 kilograms of customer payloads.[35] | ||||||||||
First Mars Mission | NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Unknown | Unknown | TBA | SpaceX | Planned (tower) |
No attempt |
NET 2026 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | SpaceX | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
As of 2023[update], this was mentioned as the earliest potential cargo flight to Mars.[37] It is unknown how many tanker launches will be needed. |
2027
editMission | Date and time (UTC) |
Version | Booster, ship | Launch site |
Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Booster landing |
Ship landing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Superbird-9 | NET 2027[32] | 2 | TBA | TBA | Superbird-9 | Unknown | Geostationary Orbit | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) |
Superbird-9 is a SKY Perfect JSAT's fully flexible HTS (High Throughput Satellites) based on Airbus' OneSat product line. It will be launched on a Starship launch vehicle in 2027 to geosynchronous transfer orbit.[38][39] | ||||||||||
ISRU Processing System | NET 2027[40] | 2 | TBA | TBA | ISRU Processing System | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
No attempt |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2027 | 2 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | Luxembourg Space Agency | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
In April 2023, LSA and a private firm, OffWorld Europe, announced a partnership to develop an ISRU process to extract, process, store and use water collected from the surface of the moon in the form of ice. The project, which is under the oversight of the ESA, will use OffWorld's technical expertise in robotics with a technology demonstration mission slated for launch to the moon in 2027 as part of SpaceX's first Starship HLS mission for the Artemis program.[40] |
2028
editMission | Date and time (UTC) |
Version | Booster, ship | Launch site |
Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Booster landing |
Ship landing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Artemis 4 | NET 2028[41] | 3 | TBA | TBA | Unknown | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
No attempt |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
NET 2028 | 3 | TBA | TBA | Fuel[33] | Unknown | TBA | NASA | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) | |
On November 15, 2022, NASA announced it had awarded a contract to SpaceX as part of Option B of the Appendix H contract. This would allow SpaceX to use a second-generation Starship HLS design to conduct a Lunar Gateway-based demonstration mission as part of Artemis 4.[42] | ||||||||||
Starlab | NET 2028[43] | 3 | TBA | TBA | Starlab | Unknown | TBA | Voyager Space/Airbus | Planned (tower) |
Planned (tower) |
As of 2023[update], this was mentioned as the earliest potential cargo flight to Mars.[37] It is unknown how many tanker launches will be needed |
See also
editNotes
editReferences
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- ^ Meredith Garofalo (8 June 2024). "SpaceX wants to build 1 Starship megarocket a day with new Starfactory". Space.com. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
- ^ a b Berger, Eric (8 April 2024). "Elon Musk just gave another Mars speech—this time the vision seems tangible". Ars Technica. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
- ^ Everyday Astronaut (26 May 2022). Go up SpaceX's Starship-catching robotic launch tower with Elon Musk!. Retrieved 3 June 2024 – via YouTube.
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- ^ "Starship's second flight test". SpaceX. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
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- ^ a b McDowell, Jonathan (14 March 2024). "Jonathan's Space Report No. 831". Jonathan's Space Report. Archived from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
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- ^ Bergin, Chris (6 April 2024). "Some interesting notes". X (formerly Twitter). Retrieved 6 April 2024.
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