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General Directorate of Security (Turkey)

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The General Directorate of Security (Turkish: Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü) or Turkish Police Organization (Turkish: Türk Polis Teşkilatı) is the national civilian police force responsible for law enforcement of the Republic of Turkey, which is affiliated with the Ministry of Interior.

General Directorate of Security
Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü
Badge of the Turkish General Directorate Security
Badge of the Turkish General Directorate Security
Common namePolis
Agency overview
Formed10 April 1845 (1845-04-10)
Employees335,360 personnel[1]
Jurisdictional structure
National agencyTurkey
Operations jurisdictionTurkey
Constituting instrument
  • Law on Duties and Powers of the Police
General nature
Operational structure
HeadquartersAnkara, Turkey
Elected officer responsible
Agency executive
  • Erol Ayyıldız, General Director
Parent agencyMinistry of the Interior
Website
www.egm.gov.tr

Structure

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In the provinces, it operates under the command of governors (Turkish: vali) and district governors (Turkish: kaymakam). Civil administrators (Turkish: mülki amir) are responsible for the security and well-being of towns and districts. The Turkish National Police (TNP) operates within the network of the civil administration system and carries out its duties under the command and control of the civil authority. Town governors and heads of district administrations supervise the force.[2]

The TNP is organised as follows:[3]

  • Central organisation
  • Provincial organisation
    • 81 Directorates of Provincial Police
    • 751 Police Directorates of Towns affiliated to Provinces
    • 22 Border Gates Police Directorates
    • 18 Free-Zone police stations
    • 834 police stations in 81 Provinces

Ranks

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  General Directorate of Security[4]                        
Director general
Emniyet Genel Müdürü 		1st Degree Police Chief
1. Sınıf Emniyet Müdürü 		2nd Degree Police Chief
2. Sınıf Emniyet Müdürü 		3rd Degree Police Chief
3. Sınıf Emniyet Müdürü 		4th Degree Police Chief
4. Sınıf Emniyet Müdürü 		Superintendent
Emniyet Amiri 		Chief inspector
Başkomiser 		Inspector
Komiser 		Deputy-inspector
Komiser Yardımcısı 		Sergeant
Kıdemli Başpolis Memuru 		Corporal
Başpolis Memuru 		Police officer
Polis Memuru

Function and mission

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Provincial Police Headquarters in Ordu

In general, the police's realm of responsibility is geographically located inside the municipal boundaries in Turkey. In accordance with the “Law on Duties and Powers of the Police”, the duties of the Police are to:[5]

  • provide public peace and order
  • provide security of persons and properties
  • detect, arrest and transfer both offenders and case evidence to the appropriate judicial bodies
  • perform duties apart from the administrative such as judicial assigned by laws, regulations and government acts
  • prevent crime in order to protect public safety and order

The TNP also has political duties such as the protection of the integrity of the state and the preservation of constitutional order. Furthermore, the TNP has administrative functions, including preventive, protective and assistance duties.

A Traffic Services Department, a Highways Traffic Security Council and a Supreme Board for Highway Security have been established in order to deal with traffic problems more effectively.

The TNP hosts the Istanbul Conference on Democracy and Global Security.[6]

Units

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All Turkish police officers wear navy-blue uniforms and caps.

Patrol cars can be identified by their unique blue-white design and the writing “Polis” (Turkish for 'Police') on the side doors and hood.

Commissioners and police chiefs wear silver stars rank on their shoulders and police directors wear gold stars.

Some well-known police units in Turkey are:

  • Martılar (English: Gulls) bike patrol units
  • Yunuslar (English: Dolphins) motorcycle units
  • Şahinler (English: Falcons) motorcycle units of the traffic department.
  • TOMA armored water cannon designed for riot control.
  • Çevik Kuvvet (English: Agile Force) who handle riot control cases.
  • Özel Harekat(English: Special Operations) which is the special response unit of the directorate (quite like the American SWAT or the German GSG 9).
  • Karşı Atak Timi (English: Counter Attack Team) close protection service for the president.
  • Aviation Department
  •  
    Police Academy during Parade
  •  
    Motorcycle unit Yunuslar
  •  
    TOMA water cannon in Istanbul, 2013
  •  
    Female riot police squad (Çevik Kuvvet Polis)
  •  
    Police patrol boat
  •  
    Police diver
  •  
    Bell 429 helicopter of Turkish Police Aviation Department.

Training

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The TNP receives two categories of training, the first being in-service training provided by the Department of Education operating directly under the General Directorate of Security; whereas pre-profession training is provided by the Police Academy. The Police Academy offers five different training programs:

  • Police Schools (2 years)
  • Police Training Centers (8 months)
  • Police Chiefs Training Center (1 year)
  • Security Sciences Institute
  • Higher Level Management Training

There are other educational institutions that give expert in-service training, such as the Turkish International Academy Against Drugs and Organized Crime and the Crime Investigation and Research Education Center.

Equipment

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Handguns

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Shotguns

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Submachine guns

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Assault/Battle Rifle

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Riot control

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Machine Guns

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Sniper Rifles

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Grenade Launchers

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EOD/Drone Jammer system

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Directed energy weapon

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Unmanned ground vehicle

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Combat drones

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Patrol Vehicles

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Vehicle Image Origin/Assembly Type
Patrol cars
TOGG[24]     Turkey Electric patrol car
Ford Transit Courier     Turkey
  United States 		Most common patrol car
Fiat Doblo     Turkey
  Italy
Renault Mégane     Turkey
  France 		Traffic police car
Renault Symbol   Standard patrol and traffic police car
Hyundai Accent     Turkey
  South Korea 		Traffic police car
Toyota Corolla     Turkey
  Japan 		Traffic and motorway police car
Fiat Egea     Turkey
  Italy 		Patrol car
Toyota Hilux     Turkey
  Japan 		Traffic police car
Renault Fluence     Turkey
  France
Renault Kangoo[25]   Patrol car
Ford Transit Connect     Turkey
  United States 		Patrol car
Dacia Duster     Turkey
  France
  Romania
Fiat Linea     Turkey
  Italy
Hyundai Elantra     Turkey
  South Korea 		Traffic police car
Volkswagen Caddy[25]     Turkey
  Germany 		Patrol car
Opel Insignia   Traffic police car
Opel Combo Life[25]   Patrol car
BMW 320i (F30)   Traffic police car
Subaru Impreza     Turkey
  Japan
Toyota Prius   Patrol car/Traffic police
Mini Cooper     Turkey
  Germany
  United Kingdom
Audi A3     Turkey
  Germany
BMW 120i  
Nissan Navara     Turkey
  Japan
Nissan Juke[25]  
Ferrari 458 Italia[26]     Italy Traffic police car
Bentley GT[27]     United Kingdom Traffic police car
Mercedes Benz CLA[28]     Germany Traffic police car
Mercedes Benz GLS[29]     Germany Traffic police car
Audi RS6[30]     Germany Traffic police car
Porsche Taycan[31]     Germany Traffic police car
Volvo XC90[32]     Sweden Traffic police car
Range Rover[33]     United Kingdom Traffic police car
Land Rover Freelander[34]     United Kingdom Traffic police car
Volkswagen Golf Mk8[35]     Germany Traffic police car
Peugeot 3008[36]     France Traffic police car
BMW 5[37]     Germany Traffic police car
Skoda Kodiaq[38]     Czech Republic Traffic police car
Ford Ranger     Turkey
  United States 		Forensics car
GMC Yukon   Presidential Guards car
Patrol motorbikes
BMW R1200 GS[25]     Germany Patrol motorbike
Honda Africa Twin[25]     Japan
Yamaha Fazer 1/6[25]  
Honda VFR 800[25]  
Vans and busses
Ford Transit     Turkey
  United States 		Patrol van
Ford Transit Custom  
Fiat Ducato     Turkey
  Italy
Isuzu Turkuaz     Turkey
  Japan 		Patrol bus
Otokar Sultan -   Turkey
Katmerciler Kiraç[39] Criminal research vehicle

Armoured Vehicles

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Vehicle Image Origin/Assembly Type Notes
Infantry mobility vehicles/MRAPs
Otokar Akrep[40] -   Turkey Infantry mobility vehicle
Otokar APC/

Shorland S-55[41]

Otokar Cobra[42]  
Otokar Cobra II[11]  
BMC Kirpi[43]   Mine-resistant ambush protected
BMC Vuran[44]  
Nurol Ejder[45] 417 vehicles in service[46]
Nurol Yörük[47]   Infantry mobility vehicle/Presidential Protection Department car
Otokar Ural[48] - Infantry mobility vehicle 126+ vehicles in service.
BMC Amazon[49] Multi-purpose armoured vehicle
Nurol ILGAZ II[49] Mine-resistant ambush protected
Riot control
TOMA[45]     Turkey Intervention Vehicle against Social Incidents
AFV/APC
Commando V-150S[11]     United States Amphibious armoured car/Armoured personnel carrier
Dragoon[11]   Amphibious armoured fighting vehicle
Unmanned Ground Vehicles
Aselsan Aslan[50] -   Turkey Medium-class unmanned ground vehicle
Aselsan Kaplan[51] Light-class unmanned ground vehicle

Boats

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Aircraft

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Vehicle Image Origin Type Notes
Aircraft
Beechcraft Super King Air[56]     United States Utility/Transport aircraft 2 B350i variant in use.[57]
Cessna Citation XLS+[25]   Utility aircraft 1 in service.[58]
Beechcraft C90     United States Utility aircraft 2 in service.[59]
Helicopters
Sikorsky S-92     United States VIP Transport helicopter 3 S-92A Used by the Ministry.[60]
Bell 206[61]     United States
  Canada 		Multi-purpose utility helicopter 2 Bell 206L-3 in service.[62]
Bell 429[61]     United States
  Canada
  South Korea 		Multi-purpose utility helicopter 14 in service.[63]
Sikorsky S-70 Black Hawk[64]     United States
  Turkey 		Medium transport/Utility helicopter S-70A-D28 & 2 S-70i[60][65]

18 T-70 on order.[66] 2 T-70 in service[67]

TAI T625 Gökbey     Turkey Utility helicopter 3 on order.[68]
TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK[69][70]     Turkey
  Italy 		Attack helicopter T129B
Unmanned aerial vehicles
TAI Anka[71]     Turkey MALE UCAV
Baykar Bayraktar TB2[71]  
ÇAĞATAY[72][73] - VTOL UAV
UÇBEY[74]
Arcturus T-20[75]     United States Tactical reconnaissance UAV

Planned Acquisition :

  • New liaison and utility aircraft[76]
  • BMC Tulga SUV[77]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ https://www.egm.gov.tr/kurumlar/egm.gov.tr/IcSite/strateji/2022-EGM-Idare-Faaliyet-Raporu-.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  2. ^ "General information". Policing Profiles of Participating and Partner States. Polis.osce.org. Archived from the original on 23 June 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2008.
  3. ^ "Structure". Policing Profiles of Participating and Partner States. Polis.osce.org. Archived from the original on 23 June 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2008.
  4. ^ "Rütbeler". egm.gov.tr (in Turkish). Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  5. ^ "Functions". Policing Profiles of Participating and Partner States. Polis.osce.org. Archived from the original on 23 June 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2008.
  6. ^ "Home". Istanbulconference.info. Retrieved 9 November 2008.
  7. ^ a b "Modern Firearms". 22 October 2010. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  8. ^ "GİRSAN MC 28 SA Tabanca". Millisavunma.com (in Turkish). 28 October 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  9. ^ Şafak, Yeni (14 October 2017). "Türk polisi artık bu silahı kullanacak". Yeni Şafak (in Turkish). Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  10. ^ a b "Silahlı Kuvvetlerin ve Güvenlik Güçlerinin Tüm Hafif Silah İhtiyaçları için Bir Sarsılmaz Var!". savunmahaber.com (in Turkish). 24 October 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab "Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri - TRMilitary". www.trmilitary.org. Archived from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2023.
  12. ^ Jones, Richard D.; Ness, Leland S., eds. (27 January 2009). Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010 (35th ed.). Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.
  13. ^ Alemdar, Ahmet (14 November 2019). "Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü'ne MPT-76 piyade tüfeği teslimatı". DefenceTurk (in Turkish). Retrieved 14 January 2023.
  14. ^ "Modern Piyade Tüfeği Projesi: MPT-76, MPT-55 ve MPT-55K | SavunmaSanayiST" (in Turkish). 20 August 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
  15. ^ Mynet. "Toplumsal Olaylar İçin Yeni Silah Haberi ve Son Dakika Haberler Mynet". Mynet Haber. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
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  20. ^ "Teröristlerin aracına ASELSAN KANGAL ile müdahale edildi" (in Turkish). 1 October 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
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  23. ^ "Unmanned Military Armed Drone". www.madoors.com.tr. Retrieved 28 June 2024.
  24. ^ "Togg polis aracı oldu". DHA | Demirören Haber Ajansı (in Turkish). 6 May 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i Blog, Yolcu360 (19 January 2022). "Polis Arabaları 2022 - Türkiye'de Kullanılan Polis Araçları". Yolcu360 Blog (in Turkish). Retrieved 23 December 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  26. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  27. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  28. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  29. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  30. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  31. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  32. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  33. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  34. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  35. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  36. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  37. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  38. ^ "23 vehicles were seized by Istanbul Police Department and handed over to police".
  39. ^ Azman, Kaan (7 February 2022). "Emniyet'e yeni nesil kriminal inceleme aracı KIRAÇ teslimatı". DefenceTurk (in Turkish). Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  40. ^ "[image]". www.camoluk.gov.tr. Archived from the original on 1 March 2020. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
  41. ^ KUNT, Rasim Anıl (23 May 2017). "ZPT". DefenceTurk (in Turkish). Retrieved 24 December 2022.
  42. ^ "Polise tam zırhlı TOMA ve mayına karşı Kirpi". Sabah. 16 May 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  43. ^ "Polisi de "Kirpi" koruyacak!". CNN Türk. 18 September 2012. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  44. ^ "savunmasanayi.com". Twitter (in Bulgarian). Retrieved 8 March 2023.
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  46. ^ admin (28 October 2019). "Envanterde Kaç Adet Ejder yalçın var merak ediyor musunuz?". Savunma Günlüğü (in Turkish). Retrieved 16 May 2024.
  47. ^ "YÖRÜK 4X4 yurt içindeki ilk görevine Cumhurbaşkanlığında başladı". www.savunmasanayiidergilik.com. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
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  50. ^ Alemdar, Ahmet (26 November 2022). "EGM ve Kara Kuvvetleri'ne Aslan İKA Teslimatı!". DefenceTurk (in Turkish). Retrieved 26 November 2022.
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  69. ^ "General Directorate of Security Received the First T129 ATAK Helicopter". RayHaber | RaillyNews. 17 February 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  70. ^ "HeliHub.com Turkish Police receive first T129 ATAK helicopter". helihub.com. 21 February 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  71. ^ a b "BUSINESS - Turkish police ramping up drone purchases in fight against terror". 21 August 2015.
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  74. ^ ""UÇBEY" İHA polisin gözü oldu". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 29 October 2022.
  75. ^ "The Turkish Police operates three types of UAVs". 5 November 2020.
  76. ^ "Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı 2023 Yılı Faaliyet Raporu Yayınlandı". www.jandarma.gov.tr. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
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