Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.
| Mactridae Temporal range: Cretaceous to Present
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| Shell of Spisula solida | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Bivalvia |
| Order: | Venerida |
| Superfamily: | Mactroidea |
| Family: | Mactridae Lamarck, 1809 |
| Genera | |
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See text. | |
Description edit
These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded-cornered equilateral triangle and there is a slight gape at the posterior. Each valve bears two cardinal teeth with four lateral teeth on the right valve and two on the left. The foot is white and wedge-shaped. They mostly inhabit the neritic zone.[1]
Ecology edit
Trough shells burrow in sand or fine gravel and never in muddy substrates.[1]
Genera edit
According to the World Register of Marine Species (2012), this family contains 37 genera:[2]
- Anatina Schumacher, 1817[3]
- Austromactra Iredale, 1930
- Barymactra Cossmann in Cossmann & Peyrot, 1909
- Coelomactra Dall, 1895
- Crassula Marwick, 1948
- Cyclomactra Dall, 1895[4]
- Darina Gray, 1853
- Diaphoromactra Iredale, 1930
- Eastonia Gray, 1853
- Harvella Gray, 1853
- Heterocardia Deshayes, 1855
- Huberimactra Cosel & Gofas, 2018
- Leptospisula Dall, 1895
- Lutraria Lamarck, 1799[3]
- Mactra Linnaeus, 1767[3]
- Mactrellona Marks, 1915[3]
- Mactrinula Gray, 1853[5]
- Mactromeris Conrad, 1868[3]
- Mactrotoma Dall, 1894[3]
- Maorimactra Finlay, 1928
- Meropesta Iredale, 1929
- Mulinia Gray, 1837[3]
- Oxyperas Mörch, 1853
- †Pseudocardium Gabb, 1866
- Raeta Gray, 1853[3]
- Rangia Desmoulins, 1832[3]
- Resania Gray, 1853
- Scalpomactra Finlay [in Marwick], 1928
- Scissodesma Gray, 1837
- Simomactra Dall, 1894[3]
- Spisula Gray, 1837[3]
- Standella Gray, 1853
- Tanysiphon Benson, 1858
- Tresus Gray, 1853[3]
- Trinitasia Maury, 1928
- Tumbeziconcha Pilsbry & Olsson, 1935
- Zenatia Gray, 1853
- Zenatina Gill & Darragh, 1963
References edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mactridae.
- ^ a b Barrett, J. H.; Yonge, C. M. (1958). Collins Pocket Guide to the Sea Shore. London (UK): Collins. p. 156.
- ^ Bouchet, Philippe (2012-03-23). "Mactride Lamarck, 1809". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2017-01-25.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Scott, Paul V. "Mactridae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
- ^ Kong, Lingfeng; Li, Qi; Qiu, Zhaoxing (2007). "Genetic and morphological differentiation in the clam Coelomactra antiquata (Bivalvia: Veneroida) along the coast of China". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 343: 110–117. doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2006.12.003.
- ^ Coan, E. V.; Valentich-Scott, P. (2012). Bivalve seashells of tropical West America. Marine bivalve mollusks from Baja California to northern Peru. pp. 2 vols, 1258 pp.
- Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1
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