Shishunaga (IAST: Śiśunāga, or Shusunaga) (c. 413 – 395 BCE) was the founder of the Shishunaga dynasty of the Magadha Empire in the present day northern India. Initially, he was an amatya (official) of the Magadha empire under the Haryanka dynasty. He was placed on the throne by the people who revolted against the Haryanka dynasty rule. According to the Puranas, he placed his son at Varanasi and himself ruled from Girivraja (Rajagriha). He was succeeded by his son Kalashoka (Kakavarna).
| Shishunaga | |
|---|---|
| King of Magadha | |
| Reign | c. 413 – c. 395 BCE |
| Predecessor | Nāgadāsaka (of Haryanka dynasty) |
| Successor | Kalashoka (Kakavarna) |
| Issue | Kalashoka |
| Dynasty | Shishunaga |
Early life
editAccording to the Mahavamsatika, Shishunaga was a son of a Licchavi ruler of Vaishali.[1] He was conceived by a nagara-shobhini and brought up an officer of state. At the time of the revolt, he was a viceroy at Varanasi of king Nagadasaka, the last ruler of the Haryanka dynasty.[2]
Reign
editShishunaga ruled from 413 BCE to 395 BCE.[3][4] Initially, his capital was Rajagriha and Vaishali was his second royal residence. Later he shifted his capital to Vaishali. He conquered Avanti kingdom by defeating Nandivardhana or Avantivardhana, the last king of Pradyota dynasty.[5] The Magadhan victory must have been helped by the revolution that placed Aryaka on the throne of Ujjayini.[2]
The Puranas tell us that he placed his son at Varanasi and himself ruled from Girivraja (Rajagriha).[6][7]
Expansion
editHe destroyed Pradyota dynasty of Avanti and conquered kingdoms of Kosala and Vatsa.[1]
Successor
editSee also
editReferences
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c Upinder Singh 2016, p. 272.
- ^ a b c Raychaudhuri 1972, pp. 193–5.
- ^ Raychaudhuri 1972, p. 201.
- ^ Thapar 1990.
- ^ Kailash Chand Jain 1972, p. 103.
- ^ Raychaudhuri 1972, p. 193.
- ^ Mahajan 2007, pp. 250–1.
Sources
edit- Jain, Kailash Chand (1972), Malwa Through the Ages (First ed.), Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 978-81-208-0805-8
- Mahajan, V.D. (2007) [1960], Ancient India, New Delhi: S. Chand, ISBN 81-219-0887-6
- Raychaudhuri, H.C. (1972), Political History of Ancient India, Calcutta: University of Calcutta
- Singh, Upinder (2016), A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century, Pearson Education, ISBN 978-93-325-6996-6
- Thapar, Romila (1990) [1966], A History of India, vol. 1, Penguin Books, ISBN 978-0-14-194976-5
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