Sino-North Korean Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation, and Mutual Assistance
The Sino-North Korean Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation, and Mutual Assistance is a treaty signed on 11 July 1961 between North Korea and China. Its official name is the Mutual Aid and Cooperation Friendship Treaty between the People's Republic of China and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The treaty is currently the only defense treaty either China or North Korea have with any nation.[1]
| Mutual Aid and Cooperation Friendship Treaty between The People's Republic of China and The Democratic People's Republic of Korea | |
|---|---|
 Kim Il Sung and Zhou Enlai at the signing ceremony | |
| Type | Treaty of friendship Defense pact |
| Signed | 11 July 1961 |
| Location | Beijing, China |
| Signatories |
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| Parties | |
| Languages | |
| Full text | |
 zh:中朝友好合作互助条约 at Wikisource | |
| Sino-North Korean Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation, and Mutual Assistance | |||||||||||
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| Chinese name | |||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中朝友好合作互助条约 | ||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中朝友好合作互助條約 | ||||||||||
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| Korean name | |||||||||||
| Hangul | 조중우호, 협조 및 호상원조에 관한 조약 | ||||||||||
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History edit
After the 1961 May 16 coup, the new South Korean leader Park Chung Hee urged for an increase in military spending and for action to be taken against North Korea. The North Korean leadership feared a South Korean invasion and turned to the Soviet Union and China for support.[2][3]
Kim Il Sung arrived in Beijing in 1961 to sign the treaty just a few days after signing the North Korean-Soviet Mutual Aid and Cooperation Friendship Treaty (朝苏友好合作互助条约).[4] The Soviet treaty however has not been in effect since the 1990s with only a revised "consultation" treaty being re-adopted in 1999.[5]
The treaty was signed by North Korean Premier Kim Il Sung and Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai on 11 July 1961 in Beijing,[4] just a few days after the signing of the North Korean-Soviet Mutual Aid and Cooperation Friendship Treaty (朝苏友好合作互助条约).[4] The Soviet treaty however has not been in effect since the 1990s with only a revised "consultation" treaty being re-adopted in 1999.[5] The treaty came into effect on 10 September 1961.[6][7]
Content edit
The treaty generally promoted peaceful cooperation in the areas of culture, economics, technology and other social benefits between the two nations.[4] Specifically, Article 2 of the treaty declares the two nations undertake all necessary measures to oppose any country or coalition of countries that might attack either nation.[5]
In accordance with Article 7, the Treaty remains in force unless an agreement is reached on its amendment or termination.[8]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "China-N. Korea defense treaty". koreatimes. 26 July 2016. Archived from the original on 6 October 2019. Retrieved 14 September 2019.
- ^ 北朝鮮と軍事同盟50年を祝う中国を侮るな. MSN産経ニュース (in Japanese). 18 July 2011. Archived from the original on 18 July 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2013. Alternative source: [1] Archived 12 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ 7月11日「中朝友好条約60周年」 記念行事で中朝緊密を強調か. KoreaWorldTimes (in Japanese). 9 July 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
- ^ a b c d 鴨綠江水靜流淌：中朝60年紀事. Ifeng. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ^ a b c Harrison, Selig S. [2003] (2003). Korean endgame: a strategy for reunification and U.S. disengagement. p 322.
- ^ 1961年7月11日 《中朝友好合作互助條約》在北京簽訂. Cpc.people.com.cn. Archived from the original on 16 November 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ^ 中朝兩國關係發展的新契機. CCTV News. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
- ^ "Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Wang Wenbin's Regular Press Conference on July 7, 2021". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China. 7 July 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
External links edit
