This article only references primary sources. (May 2023) |
The Shenandoah Hornets are the athletic teams that represent Shenandoah University, located in Winchester, Virginia, in intercollegiate sports as a member of the Division III of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), primarily competing in the Old Dominion Athletic Conference (ODAC) since the 2012-13 academic year. The Hornets previously competed in the USA South Athletic Conference (USA South) from 1992 to 2012.
| Shenandoah Hornets | |
|---|---|
 | |
| University | Shenandoah University |
| Conference | ODAC (primary) |
| NCAA | Division III |
| Athletic director | DeShon Foxx |
| Location | Winchester, Virginia |
| Varsity teams | 22 |
| Football stadium | Glo Fiber Field at Shentel Stadium |
| Basketball arena | James R. Wilkins, Jr. Athletics & Events Center |
| Mascot | Buzzy |
| Nickname | Hornets |
| Colors | Red and Blue |
| Website | www |
Varsity teams
editShenandoah competes in 22 intercollegiate varsity sports: men's sports include baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, lacrosse, soccer, tennis, track & field (indoor and outdoor) and wrestling; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, field hockey, golf, lacrosse, soccer, softball, tennis, track & field (indoor and outdoor) and volleyball.
Men's Programs
edit
Baseballedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Kevin Anderson (2004–present) |
| Record under current Coach | 643-266-2 |
| Conference Championships | USA South
ODAC
|
| NCAA Appearances | World Series
Super Regionals
Regionals
|
| Facilities | Kevin Anderson Field at Bridgeforth Stadium
Jim Barnett Park 1001 E. Cork Street Winchester, Va. 22601 |
Baseball Championships
edit- After a 33–5 record following the 2009 USA South Tournament, Shenandoah earned an at large bid to the NCAA Regional Tournament, a first for the program. SU won the region and went on to the NCAA Championships in Grand Chute, Wis. and eliminated after going 1–2 in the double elimination format.
- In 2010, Shenandoah defeated Christopher Newport 19-5 and 7–4 in the USA South Championships, earning an automatic bid to NCAA Regionals for the second year in a row. After winning the region, SU advanced to the championships but was eliminated after losing the first two games.
- For the third year in a row, the Hornets earned a bid to the 2011 NCAA Regional Tournament. Salisbury defeated Shenandoah twice in the Championship to eliminate SU.
- In 2012, the Hornets went 29-11 and earned a fourth straight bid to the NCAA Regional Tournament. SU went 2-2 during regional tournament play before being eliminated by Christopher Newport.
- After winning the 2014 regular season title, the Hornets were eliminated in game 11 of the Old Dominion Athletic Conference Baseball Championships but earned an at-large bid to the NCAA regionals and eliminated out of contention after four games by Emory.
- The Hornets won the 2015 ODAC Baseball Tournament, earning an automatic bid to NCAA Regionals. SU went 1-2 before being eliminated by Frostburg State.
- In 2016, Shenandoah earned an at-large bid to the NCAA regional baseball tournament, the Hornets were eliminated by Emory after going 3–2.
- During the 2017 post-season, Shenandoah lost in game nine of the ODAC Tournament but earned an at-large bid to the NCAA Regional Tournament. The Hornets went 5-2 before losing to Wheaton in the NCAA Regional Championship game.
- In 2018, Shenandoah defeated Roanoke in the ODAC Championship, 8-4, to earn an automatic bid to the NCAA Regional Tournament. SU went 1-2 in the regional tournament and was eliminated by Ithaca College.
- In 2019, SU won its second straight ODAC Tournament Championship with a 5-4 win over Randolph-Macon in a winner-takes-all contest. The Hornets went 4-1 in the Union (N.J.) Regional, topping host Kean University in back-to-back contests to earn their third-ever regional championship. Johns Hopkins swept SU in the best-of-three Super Regional.
- In 2022, Shenandoah went unbeaten in the conference tournament to win its fourth ODAC title. The Hornets hosted their first-ever NCAA regional at the newly renovated Bridgeforth Field, but they went 3-2 in the regional and were ousted by Catholic University in the championship game.
- In 2023, Lynchburg topped Shenandoah in the ODAC Tournament championship game, but SU, which went 34-5 in the regular season, earned an at-large spot in the NCAA Division III playoffs and hosted an NCAA Regional for the second straight year. The Hornets rebounded from a Day 1 loss to win the Winchester Regional, setting up a rematch with Lynchburg in the Super Regional round that Lynchburg swept in two games. Lynchburg would go on to win the NCAA Division III championship.
NCAA Appearances
edit| Year | Round | Opponent | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | Regional | Johns Hopkins | W, 8-2 |
| 2009 | Regional | York (Pa.) | W, 11-2 |
| 2009 | Regional | Christopher Newport | W, 8-4 |
| 2009 | Regional | Johns Hopkins | W, 11-7 |
| 2009 | Championship | Farmingdale State | W, 12-2 |
| 2009 | Championship | St. Thomas (Minn.) | L, 16-5 |
| 2009 | Championship | Carthage | L, 9-8 (11 Innings) |
| 2010 | Regional | Bridgewater | W, 11-1 |
| 2010 | Regional | York (Pa.) | W, 9-6 |
| 2010 | Regional | Mary Washington | W, 10-5 |
| 2010 | Regional | Salisbury | W, 6-4 |
| 2010 | Championship | Ill. Wesleyan | L, 7-5 |
| 2010 | Championship | Johns Hopkins | L, 7-4 |
| 2011 | Regional | Wabash | W, 4-0 |
| 2011 | Regional | Piedmont | W, 14-5 |
| 2011 | Regional | Piedmont | W, 6-1 |
| 2011 | Regional | Salisbury | L, 9-8 |
| 2011 | Regional | Salisbury | L, 8-7 |
| 2012 | Regional | Rowan | W, 5-4 |
| 2012 | Regional | Salisbury | W, 6-1 |
| 2012 | Regional | Salisbury | L, 2-1 (14 Innings) |
| 2012 | Regional | Christopher Newport | L, 9-5 |
| 2014 | Regional | Covnant | W, 11-3 |
| 2014 | Regional | Birmingham Southern | W, 5-4 |
| 2014 | Regional | Bridgewater | L, 5-3 |
| 2014 | Regional | Emory | L, 12-8 |
| 2015 | Regional | Adrian | W, 5-1 |
| 2015 | Regional | Heidelberg | L, 5-0 |
| 2015 | Regional | Frostburg State | L, 7-2 |
| 2016 | Regional | Marietta | W, 3-2 |
| 2016 | Regional | Birmingham Southern | W, 6-2 |
| 2016 | Regional | Emory | L, 14-7 |
| 2016 | Regional | Birmingham Southern | W, 10-8 |
| 2016 | Regional | Emory | L, 15-2 |
| 2017 | Regional | Maritime (N.Y.) | W, 5-3 |
| 2017 | Regional | Wheaton (Mass.) | L, 6-0 |
| 2017 | Regional | Lesley | W, 4-1 |
| 2017 | Regional | Alvernia | W, 8-6 |
| 2017 | Regional | Johns Hopkins | W, 4-2 |
| 2017 | Regional | Wheaton (Mass.) | W, 5-4 |
| 2017 | Regional | Wheaton (Mass.) | L, 1-0 |
| 2018 | Regional | Marietta | W, 3-2 |
| 2018 | Regional | Wooster | L, 13-5 |
| 2018 | Regional | Ithaca | L, 7-5 |
| 2019 | Regional | Kean | L, 5-3 |
| 2019 | Regional | Ithaca | W, 9-2 |
| 2019 | Regional | Westfield State | W, 7-1 |
| 2019 | Regional | Kean | W, 6-4 |
| 2019 | Regional | Kean | W, 4-1 |
| 2019 | Super Regional | Johns Hopkins | L, 6-3 |
| 2019 | Super Regional | Johns Hopkins | L, 7-3 |
| 2022 | Regional | St. Joseph's (Long Island) | W, 10-3 |
| 2022 | Regional | Catholic | L, 6-5 |
| 2022 | Regional | St. Joseph's (Long Island) | W, 10-8 |
| 2022 | Regional | Catholic | W, 6-3 |
| 2022 | Regional | Catholic | L, 13-10 |
| 2023 | Regional | The College of New Jersey | L, 22-9 |
| 2023 | Regional | Immaculata | W, 11-7 |
| 2023 | Regional | The College of New Jersey | W, 8-1 |
| 2023 | Regional | Christopher Newport | W, 14-5 |
| 2023 | Regional | Christopher Newport | W, 5-3 |
| 2023 | Super Regional | Lynchburg | L, 9-6 |
| 2023 | Super Regional | Lynchburg | L, 3-1 |
Men’s Basketballedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Nick Doyle (2022-present) |
| Record under current Coach | 24-29 |
| Championships | ESAC
Dixie
|
| NCAA Appearances | First Round
|
| Facilities | James R. Wilkins, Jr. Athletics & Events Center
1188 Ralph Shockey Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Men’s Cross Countryedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Andy Marrocco (2006–present) |
| NCAA Appearances | Regionals
NCAA Championships
|
| Facilities | Kernstown Battlefield
610 Battle Park Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Footballedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Scott Yoder (2013–present) |
| Record under current Coach | 56-49 |
| Championships | USA SOUTH
|
| NCAA Appearances | FIRST ROUND
|
| Facilities | Glo Fiber Field at Shentel Stadium[1][2][3][4]
1122 Ralph Shockey Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Football Championship
edit- Shenandoah's football team was co-champion of the USA South twice, sharing the title both times with Christopher Newport in 2003 and 2004. Additionally, Shenandoah has made one appearance in the NCAA Division III Football Championship, in 2004, when the Hornets were defeated in the first round by Delaware Valley, 21-17.[5]
NCAA Appearances
edit| Year | Round | Opponent | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | First Round | Delaware Valley | L 21-17 |
Men’s Golfedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Scott Singhass (2006–present) |
| Facilities | Winchester Country Club
1300 Senseny Rd Winchester, VA 22602 |
Men’s Lacrosseedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Tim Marshall (2014–present) |
| Record under current Coach | 75-98 |
| Facilities | Glo Fiber Field at Shentel Stadium
1122 Ralph Shockey Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Men’s Socceredit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Brandon Kates (2022-present) |
| Record under current Coach | 13-11-10 |
| Championships | |
| NCAA Appearances | |
| Facilities | Glo Fiber Field at Shentel Stadium
1122 Ralph Shockey Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Men’s Tennisedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Jason Cole (2019–present) |
| Record under current Coach | 37-34 |
| Facilities | Lowry Tennis Courts
1460 University Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Men’s Track & Field (Indoor & Outdoor)edit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Andy Marrocco (2006–present) |
| NCAA Appearances | NCAA Indoor Championships
NCAA Outdoor Championships
|
| Facilities | James R. Wilkins, Jr. Athletics & Events Center
1188 Ralph Shockey Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Men's Wrestlingedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Tim McGuire (2020-present) |
| Record Under Current Coach | 8-19 |
| Facilities | James R. Wilkins, Jr. Athletics & Events Center
1188 Ralph Shockey Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Women's Programs
edit
Women’s Basketballedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Melissa Smeltzer-Kraft (2014–present) |
| Record under current Coach | 131-128 |
| Championships | Dixie
ODAC
|
| NCAA Appearances | First Round
|
| Facilities | James R. Wilkins, Jr. Athletics & Events Center
1188 Ralph Shockey Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Women's Basketball Championships
edit- The Shenandoah University Women's Basketball Program claimed its first ever ODAC Championship in 2019 after defeating ninth seed Bridgewater College, 79-60, in the first round, top-seeded Guilford College in the ODAC quarterfinals, 52-49, in overtime, fourth-seeded Randolph-Macon College, 58-41, in the semifinals, and Washington & Lee University, 63-53, in the ODAC championship. Shenandoah became the lowest seed to ever win the ODAC championship as the eighth seed in the tournament and they earned the ODAC's automatic bid to the first round of the NCAA Tournament.
- The 2022 team claimed the ODAC title by defeating fifth-seeded Randolph College, 63-57, in the quarterfinals, top-seeded Washington & Lee, 67-59, in the semifinals, and second-seeded Randolph-Macon College, 56-43, in the ODAC championship.
NCAA Appearances
edit| Year | Round | Opponent | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | First Round | DeSales | L, 77-49 |
| 2022 | First Round | Southern Virginia | L, 67-48 |
| 2024 | First Round | Messiah | L, 58-57 |
Women’s Cross Countryedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Andy Marrocco (2006–present) |
| Championships | USA SOUTH
|
| NCAA Appearances | Regionals
NCAA Championships
|
| Facilities | Kernstown Battlefield
610 Battle Park Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Field Hockeyedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Ashley Smeltzer-Kraft (2013–present) |
| Record under current Coach | 142-64 |
| Championships | ODAC
|
| NCAA Appearances | First Round
|
| Facilities | Aikens Stadium
1450 L P Hill Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Field Hockey Championships
editThe Shenandoah University Field Hockey Program captured its first ODAC Championship in the fall of 2016 after defeating Washington & Lee University. SU earned an automatic bid to the first round of the NCAA Tournament.
NCAA Appearances
edit| Year | Round | Opponent | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016 | First Round | Rochester (N.Y.) | L, 0-2 |
Women’s Golfedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Scott Singhass (2014–present) |
| Tournaments Won | 2017-2018
2018-2019
|
| Facilities | Winchester Country Club
1300 Senseny Rd Winchester, VA 22602 |
Women’s Lacrosseedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Lindsey Lutz (2009–present) |
| Record under current Coach | 160-110 |
| Championships | USA SOUTH
|
| NCAA Appearances | Second Round
|
| Facilities | Aikens Stadium
1450 L P Hill Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Women's Lacrosse Championships
editThe women's lacrosse team captured its first-ever conference championship in the spring of 2005 after defeating Methodist, 17-13, in the USA South Athletic Conference championship match.
Women’s Socceredit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Elizabeth Pike (2007-present) |
| Record under current Coach | 165-140-25 |
| Championships | USA South
|
| NCAA Appearances | First Round
|
| Facilities | Glo Fiber Field at Shentel Stadium
1122 Ralph Shockey Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Women's Soccer Championships
editIn the fall of 2011, the women's soccer team won the USA South Conference championship for the first time in school history. The team also played in the first round of the NCAA tournament for the first time.
NCAA Appearances
edit| Year | Round | Opponent | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | First Round | Rowan | L, 1-0 OT |
Softballedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Courtney Allen (2019–present) |
| Record under current Coach | 63-101 |
| Championships | USA South
|
| NCAA Appearances | Regionals
|
| Facilities | Rotary Field
Jim Barnett Park 1001 E. Cork Street Winchester, Va. 22601 |
Softball Championships
edit- In the spring of 2008, the women's softball team captured its first-ever USA South Athletic Conference regular-season championship in school history, finishing with a record of 30-12 (15-3 in conference).
- In the spring of 2011, the softball team won the USA South Athletic Conference Tournament Championship, the first in school history. SU defeated Christopher Newport University 4-1 and 4–2, earning an automatic bid into the NCAA Regional Tournament.
NCAA Appearances
edit| Year | Round | Opponent | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | Regionals | Rowan | W, 4-1 |
| 2011 | Regionals | Salisbury | L, 4-0 |
| 2011 | Regionals | Kean | W, 6-1 |
| 2011 | Regionals | Rowan | L, 8-1 |
| Women's Track & Field (Indoor & Outdoor) | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Andy Marrocco (2006-present) |
| NCAA Appearances | NCAA Indoor Championships
NCAA Outdoor Championships
|
| Facilities | James R. Wilkins, Jr. Athletics & Events Center
1188 Ralph Shockey Drive Winchester, VA 22601 |
Volleyballedit | |
|---|---|
| Current Coach | Kent Clayberg (2019–present) |
| Record under current Coach | 38-79 |
| Facilities | James R. Wilkins, Jr. Athletics & Events Center
Shenandoah University Winchester, VA 22601 |
All-America/Academic All-America List
edit| Name | Year(s) Named | Sport(s) | Major(s) | Hometown |
| Gregg Anderson | 2002 | Football | ||
| Ryan Anderson | 2006 | Baseball | ||
| Courtney Beard | 2007* | Field Hockey/Lacrosse | Business Administration | Manchester, Md. |
| Jacob Bell | 2023*, 2024* | Baseball | Sport Management | Winchester, Va. |
| Liz Bereit | 2015* | Women's Lacrosse | Sport Management | Latrobe, Pa. |
| Shelby Berkheimer | 1997 | Women's Soccer | ||
| Catherine Beuerle | 2008*, 2009* | Softball | Doctor of Physical Therapy | Lynchburg, Va. |
| Alyson Bittinger | 2021 | Women's Lacrosse | Nursing | Westminster, Md. |
| Kevin Brashears | 2010, 2011, 2011* | Baseball | Business Administration/Kinesiology | Hagerstown, Md. |
| Pearce Bucher | 2022*, 2023* | Baseball | Doctor of Physical Therapy | Stephens City, Va. |
| Ainsley Buckner | 2024 | Women's Lacrosse | Public Health | Springfield, Va. |
| Ben Burgan | 2021 | Football | Kinesiology | Boonsboro, Md. |
| Danielle Burris | 2014*, 2015* | Women's Soccer | Doctor of Physical Therapy | Cooksville, Md. |
| William Crowder | 2024 | Men's Indoor T&F | Sport Management | Winchester, Va. |
| Phil Dixon | 1996 | Men's Basketball | ||
| Chris Dooley | 2006 | Football | ||
| Nick Erdman | 2012* | Football | Doctor of Physical Therapy | Moseley, Va. |
| Deanna Estes | 1998* | Women's Lacrosse | Biology | Rochelle, Va. |
| Kyle Feldman | 2011* | Football | Doctor of Physical Therapy | Woodstock, Md. |
| Kiara Felston | 2024 | Women's Indoor T&F | Master of Business Administration | Dover, Pa. |
| Katie Haskins | 2009* | Softball | Doctor of Physical Therapy | Montville, N.J. |
| Katya Hoover | 2024 | Women's Indoor T&F | Biology | Pen Argyl, Pa. |
| Gavin Horning | 2023, 2023*, 2024 | Baseball | Criminal Justice | Lancaster, Pa. |
| Caleb Hutson | 2017* | Football | Sport Management | Fairfax, Va. |
| Mark Isabelle | 2024* | Men's Lacrosse | Data Science & Applied Mathematics | Richmond, Va. |
| Laura Johnson | 1984, 1985 | Women's Basketball | ||
| Kelsey Jones | 2021, 2022 | Field Hockey | Biology and Public Health | Fredericksburg, Va. |
| Ben Judy | 2017* | Men's Lacrosse | Ellicott City, Md. | |
| Tucker Kindig | 2022, 2023 | Men's Track & FIeld | Exercise Science | Spotsylvania, Va. |
| Stephen LaTona | 2017* | Men's Lacrosse | Ellicott City, Md. | |
| Jeremiah Lawrence | 2008 | Men's Basketball | ||
| Jake Loew | 2016, 2017* | Baseball | Business Administration | Binghamton, N.Y. |
| Colby Martin | 2021, 2022, 2023 | Baseball | Business Administration | Lititz, Pa. |
| Jack Massie | 2020* | Football | Biology | Washington, Va. |
| Mairead McKibbin | 2022, 2023 | Field Hockey | Elementary Education | Magnolia, Del. |
| Lamont Moore | 2003, 2004 | Football | ||
| Miles Moore | 2023 | Men's Indoor T&F | Sport Management | Richmond, Va. |
| Jason Morgan | 2021* | Men's Lacrosse | Biology | Marlton, N.J. |
| Elijah Morton | 2020 | Men's Indoor T&F | Master of Business Administration | Culpeper, Va. |
| Michael Paul | 2014, 2014*, 2015 | Baseball | Mathematics | Red Hill, Pa. |
| Jake Pendergraft | 2012 | Baseball | Knoxville, Md. | |
| Ricky Perez-Macia | 2022 | Men's Lacrosse | Biology | Fredericksburg, Va. |
| Willie Porter | 1989 | Men's Soccer | ||
| Teddy Rogers | 2007*, 2008* | Men's Lacrosse | Chemistry/Biology | Rochester, N.Y. |
| Jeremy Schutt | 2000 | Baseball | ||
| Michael Scimanico | 2016 | Baseball | Dumont, N.J. | |
| Josh Simons | 2009 | Baseball | Charles Town, W.Va. | |
| Daniel Small | 2019 | Football | Business Administration | Atlanta, Ga. |
| Emma Stiffler | 2023 | Women's Lacrosse | Secondary Education/English | New Freedom, Pa. |
| Renee Summerson | 2008 | Women's Soccer | Doctor of Pharmacy | |
| Greg Van Sickler | 2009, 2010, 2010*, 2011 | Baseball | Business Administration | Stephenson, Va. |
| Elise Velasquez | 2023 | Field Hockey | Business Administration | Herndon, Va. |
| Rico Wallace | 2011 | Football | Hanover, Md. | |
| Alex Wessel | 2017* | Women's Soccer | Political Science/Global Studies | Severn, Md. |
| Shamyra Wilkerson | 2019 | Women's Indoor T&F | Psychology | Manquin, Va. |
| Geoff Williams | 2000 | Baseball | ||
| Keegan Woolford | 2018 | Baseball | Sport Management | Charlottesville, Va. |
| Daniel Ziccardy | 2007* | Baseball | Political Science/Spanish | Harrisonburg, Va. |
*-Denotes Academic All-America
Facilities
edit| Facility | Address | Home to... |
|---|---|---|
| Kevin Anderson Field at Bridgeforth Stadium | Jim Barnett Park
1001 East Cork Street Winchester, Virginia 22601 |
|
| Rotary Field | Jim Barnett Park
1001 East Cork Street Winchester, Virginia 22601 |
|
| James R. Wilkins Jr. Athletics and Events Center | 1188 Ralph Shockey Drive
Winchester, Virginia 22601 |
|
| Aikens Stadium | 1450 L P Hill Drive
Winchester, VA 22601 |
|
| Kernstown Battlefield | 610 Battle Park Drive
Winchester, Virginia 22601 |
|
| Glo Fiber Field at Shentel Stadium | 1122 Ralph Shockey Drive
Winchester, Virginia 22601 |
|
| Lowry Tennis Courts | 1460 University Drive
Winchester, Virginia 22601 |
|
| Toan Strength and Fitness Center | Aikens Athletic Center
1300 L.P. Drive Winchester, Virginia 22601 |
All Varsity Sports |
| Winchester Country Club | 1300 Senseny Road
Winchester, Virginia 22602 |
|
References
edit- ^ McIntosh, Matt (September 23, 2023). "Van Voorhis Makes History in Football's Win Over Juniata: Hornets Win, 48-7". suhornets.com. Archived from the original on September 25, 2023.
- ^ Grez, Matias (September 25, 2023). "Haley Van Voorhis makes history as first female non-kicker to play in NCAA football game". CNN. Archived from the original on September 25, 2023.
- ^ "Haley Van Voorhis joins TODAY to talk about making history as the first woman ever to play in an NCAA football game in a non-kicker position.: Haley Van Voorhis on being first female non-kicker in NCAA football". The Today Show. September 25, 2023. Archived from the original on September 25, 2023.
- ^ "10 Haley Van Voorhis". suhornets.com. September 2023. Archived from the original on September 25, 2023. Retrieved September 25, 2023.
- ^ "2004 NCAA Division III National Football Championship Bracket" (PDF). NCAA. NCAA.org. p. 15. Retrieved January 19, 2015.