1993 Polish parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 19 September 1993. All 460 members of the Sejm and 100 senators of the Senate were elected. The elections were won by the left-wing parties of the Democratic Left Alliance and the Polish People's Party, who formed a coalition government. The coalition was just four seats short of a supermajority.

1993 Polish parliamentary election

19 September 1993 (1993-09-19)
Turnout	52.10% ( 8.90pp)
Sejm
All 460 seats in the Sejm 231 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party Third party   Leader Aleksander Kwaśniewski Waldemar Pawlak Tadeusz Mazowiecki Party SLD PSL UD Leader since 30 January 1990 29 June 1991 May 1991 Leader's seat Warsaw Płock Poznań Last election 60 seats, 12% 48 seats, 8.7% 62 seats, 12.3% Seats won 171 132 74 Seat change 111 84 12 Popular vote 2,815,169 2,124,367 1,460,957 Percentage 20.4% 15.4% 10.6% Swing 8.4% 6.7% 1.7%   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Ryszard Bugaj Leszek Moczulski Andrzej Gąsienica-Makowski Party UP KPN BBWR Leader since 1992 1 September 1979 1993 Leader's seat Warsaw Kraków Nowy Sącz Last election Did not exist 46 seats, 7.5% Did not exist Seats won 41 22 16 Seat change New 24 New Popular vote 1,005,004 795,487 746,653 Percentage 7.3% 5.8% 5.4% Swing New 1.7% New
Senate
All 100 seats in the Senate 51 seats needed for a majority
Party Leader Vote % Seats +/– SLD Aleksander Kwaśniewski 18.31 37 +33 PSL Waldemar Pawlak 11.88 36 +29 UD Tadeusz Mazowiecki 10.69 4 −17 KO "S" Marian Krzaklewski 9.84 9 −2 BBWR Andrzej Gąsienica-Makowski 8.05 2 New UP Ryszard Bugaj 4.11 2 New KLD Donald Tusk 3.99 1 −5 ZP Kazimierz Barczyk 2.23 1 New PSL-PL Gabriel Janowski 1.05 1 −4 KWMN Henryk Kroll 0.46 1 0 KIK – SRK Barbara Łękawa 0.37 1 New NSZZ RI "S" Roman Wierzbicki 0.12 1 Independents – 4.01 4 +4 This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. Government before Government after Suchocka cabinet UD—ZChN—KLD—PSL-PL—SLCh—PChD—PPG Second Pawlak Cabinet SLD (SdRP)—PSL

Opinion polls

Main article: Opinion polling for the 1993 Polish parliamentary election

Results

Results of the Sejm election, showing vote strength by electoral district.

Sejm

Because of the introduction of electoral thresholds set at 5% for party lists and 8% for coalitions, 34% of valid votes were wasted.

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Democratic Left Alliance	2,815,169	20.41	171	+111
	Polish People's Party	2,124,367	15.40	132	+84
	Democratic Union	1,460,957	10.59	74	+12
	Labour Union	1,005,004	7.28	41	+36
	Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"	878,445	6.37	0	New
	Confederation of Independent Poland	795,487	5.77	22	–24
	Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms	746,653	5.41	16	New
	Solidarity	676,334	4.90	0	–27
	Centre Agreement – Polish Union	609,973	4.42	0	–44
	Liberal Democratic Congress	550,578	3.99	0	–37
	Real Politics Union	438,559	3.18	0	–3
	Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland	383,967	2.78	0	New
	Party X	377,480	2.74	0	–3
	Coalition for the Republic	371,923	2.70	0	New
	Peasants' Agreement	327,085	2.37	0	–28
	German Minority Electoral Committee	96,678	0.70	4	–3
	Polish Beer-Lovers' Party	14,382	0.10	0	–16
	Local lists and independents	123,186	0.89	0	0
Total		13,796,227	100.00	460	0
Valid votes		13,796,227	95.70
Invalid/blank votes		619,359	4.30
Total votes		14,415,586	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		27,677,302	52.08
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

By constituency

No.	Constituency	Total seats	Seats won
			SLD	PSL	UD	UP	KPN	BBWR	KWMN
1	Warsaw I	17	7		5	3	1	1
2	Warsaw II	8	2	2	2	1		1
3	Biała Podlaska	3	1	2
4	Białystok	7	4	1	1	1
5	Bielsko-Biała	9	3	1	2	1	1	1
6	Bydgoszcz	11	6	2	2	1
7	Chełm	3	1	2
8	Ciechanów	4	2	2
9	Częstochowa	8	3	2	1	1	1
10	Elbląg	5	3	1	1
11	Gdańsk	15	5	2	3	2	1	2
12	Gorzów Wielkopolski	5	2	2	1
13	Jelenia Góra	5	2	1	1	1
14	Kalisz	7	3	3	1
15	Sosnowiec	10	6	1	1	1	1
16	Katowice	17	6	1	4	2	2	2
17	Gliwice	14	4	1	3	1	2	2	1
18	Kielce	11	4	4	1	1	1
19	Konin	5	2	3
20	Koszalin	5	3	1	1
21	Kraków	13	3	2	4	1	2	1
22	Krosno	5	1	2	1		1
23	Legnica	5	3	1		1
24	Leszno	4	2	2
25	Lublin	10	4	4	1		1
26	Łomża	4	1	3
27	Łódź	12	5	1	2	2	1	1
28	Nowy Sącz	7	1	2	1		1	2
29	Olsztyn	8	4	2	1	1
30	Opole	10	3	2	1	1			3
31	Ostrołęka	4	1	3
32	Piła	5	3	1	1
33	Piotrków Trybunalski	7	2	3		1	1
34	Płock	5	1	4
35	Poznań	14	4	2	5	3
36	Przemyśl	4	1	3
37	Radom	8	2	4	1			1
38	Rzeszów	7	2	3	1		1
39	Siedlce	7	2	5
40	Sieradz	4	1	3
41	Skierniewice	4	1	3
42	Słupsk	4	2	1	1
43	Suwałki	5	2	2		1
44	Szczecin	10	4	1	2	1	1	1
45	Tarnobrzeg	6	2	3			1
46	Tarnów	7	1	4	1		1
47	Toruń	7	3	2	1	1
48	Wałbrzych	8	4	1	2	1
49	Włocławek	4	3	1
50	Wrocław	12	4	2	3	1	1	1
51	Zamość	5	1	4
52	Zielona Góra	7	3	2	1	1
National list		69	26	20	14	9
Total		460	171	132	74	41	22	16	4
Source: National Electoral Commission

Senate

Voters were able to cast as many votes as there were seats available in their constituency.

Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Democratic Left Alliance	4,993,061	18.31	37	+33
	Polish People's Party	3,238,999	11.88	36	+29
	Democratic Union	2,913,773	10.69	4	–17
	Solidarity	2,683,085	9.84	9	–2
	Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms	2,193,970	8.05	2	New
	Confederation of Independent Poland	1,646,654	6.04	0	–4
	Labour Union	1,121,744	4.11	2	New
	Liberal Democratic Congress	1,088,769	3.99	1	–5
	Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland	650,727	2.39	0	New
	Polish Union	607,624	2.23	1	New
	Christian National Union	486,387	1.78	0	New
	Real Politics Union	434,657	1.59	0	0
	Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"	323,135	1.19	0	–9
	Silesian Autonomy Movement	304,877	1.12	0	New
	Coalition for the Republic	290,361	1.06	0	New
	Peasants' Agreement	285,406	1.05	1	–4
	Democratic Party	218,295	0.80	0	0
	Polish Convention	156,129	0.57	0	New
	Association of Friends of the John Paul II Museum	155,538	0.57	0	New
	Citizens' Electoral Committee	129,961	0.48	0	New
	German Minority Electoral Committee	124,986	0.46	1	0
	KIK–SRK	99,737	0.37	1	New
	Service to the Child	90,790	0.33	0	–
	Party of Christian Democrats	81,029	0.30	0	–
	Polish Beer-Lovers' Party	77,365	0.28	0	–
	Kashubian–Pomeranian Association	75,038	0.28	0	–
	Patriotic Forum of Fighting Poland	63,752	0.23	0	–
	Club of Catholic Intelligentsia – Lublin	60,935	0.22	0	–
	Orthodox Electoral Committee	51,815	0.19	0	–
	Polish Federation of Engineering Associations	46,131	0.17	0	–
	Social Movement for the Region and Poland	37,984	0.14	0	–
	Polish Aid Council	37,780	0.14	0	–
	Fatherland – Polish List	37,055	0.14	0	–
	Disabled People Live Among Us	35,150	0.13	0	–
	Rural Solidarity	33,682	0.12	1	–
	Party X	33,223	0.12	0	0
	PIAST	31,187	0.11	0	–
	Rural Solidarity	27,362	0.10	0	–
	Christian-Peasant Party	27,137	0.10	0	–
	Polish Dignity	22,348	0.08	0	–
	Defense of Working People	22,137	0.08	0	–
	People not Parties	20,086	0.07	0	–
	District Council of Nurses and Midwives	19,189	0.07	0	–
	TEMIDA Lawyers' Association	18,079	0.07	0	–
	Experience-Expertise-Prudence	17,083	0.06	0	–
	Health–Knowledge–Success	16,835	0.06	0	–
	About Polish Farming	16,230	0.06	0	–
	For the Health of Poles	15,605	0.06	0	–
	TKKFKŻAK	15,407	0.06	0	–
	National Committee of Voters	15,406	0.06	0	–
	Help for the Victims and the Needy	15,256	0.06	0	–
	Alliance of Christian Groups	13,350	0.05	0	–
	Woman Poland and Independence	12,762	0.05	0	–
	Polish Greens Party	12,631	0.05	0	–
	Catholic Society for the Service of Children	11,880	0.04	0	–
	Polish Socialist Party	10,985	0.04	0	–
	Union of Poles in Poland	10,705	0.04	0	–
	National Party	10,235	0.04	0	–
	Conservative Party	10,231	0.04	0	–
	Polish Ecological Union	10,157	0.04	0	–
	Civic Forum	9,892	0.04	0	–
	White and Red	9,524	0.03	0	–
	For Political and Economic Order	9,063	0.03	–	–
	Regional Electoral Initiative	8,306	0.03	0	–
	FAMILY	8,273	0.03	0	–
	Association of Sybiraks	6,798	0.02	0	–
	Catholic Justice Action "Equality"	4,856	0.02	0	–
	Local lists	696,354	2.55	0	–
	Independents	1,198,999	4.40	4	–
Total		27,263,952	100.00	100	0
Valid votes		13,985,535	97.07
Invalid/blank votes		422,832	2.93
Total votes		14,408,367	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		27,655,495	52.10
Source: Prawo

By voivodeship

Voivodeship	Total seats	Seats won
		SLD	PSL	KO "S"	UD	BBWR	KLD	Others
Biała Podlaska	2		2
Białystok	2	1						1
Bielsko	2			1	1
Bydgoszcz	2	2
Chełm	2	1	1
Ciechanów	2	1	1
Częstochowa	2	1	1
Elbląg	2	1	1
Gdańsk	2	1		1
Gorzów	2	1	1
Jelenia Góra	2	2
Kalisz	2	2
Katowice	3	1		1		1
Kielce	2	1	1
Konin	2		2
Koszalin	2	1						1
Kraków	2			1	1
Krosno	2		1	1
Legnica	2	1	1
Leszno	2	2
Lublin	2	1	1
Łomża	2		1					1
Łódź	2	1						1
Nowy Sącz	2			1		1
Olsztyn	2	1	1
Opole	2				1			1
Ostrołęka	2		1	1
Piła	2	1						1
Piotrków	2	1	1
Płock	2		2
Poznań	2						1	1
Przemyśl	2		1	1
Radom	2	1	1
Rzeszów	2		1					1
Siedlce	2		2
Sieradz	2		2
Skierniewice	2		2
Słupsk	2	1	1
Suwałki	2	1	1
Szczecin	2	2
Tarnobrzeg	2		2
Tarnów	2		1	1
Toruń	2	1						1
Wałbrzych	2	2
Warsaw	3		1	1	1
Włocławek	2	2
Wrocław	2	2
Zamość	2		2
Zielona Góra	2	1						1
Total	100	37	36	10	4	2	1	10
Source: National Electoral Commission

References

• Obwieszczenie Państwowej Komisji Wyborczej z dn. 23 IX 1993 r., Monitor Polski. Nr 50, poz. 470, sprostowanie – M.P. z 1994 r., Nr 2, poz. 8
• Obwieszczenie PKW z dn. 23 IX 1993 r., M.P. Nr 50, poz. 471; sprostowanie – M.P. z 1994 r., Nr 2, poz. 8