Joseph II of Constantinople

Joseph II of Constantinople
Joseph II of Constantinople
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
	Joseph II of Constantinople, fresco by Benozzo Gozzoli, Cappella dei Magi, Florence
Church	Eastern Orthodox Church
In office	21 May 1416 – 10 June 1439
Predecessor	Euthymius II of Constantinople
Successor	Metrophanes II of Constantinople
Personal details
Born	c. 1360
Died	10 June 1439; Florence, Florentine Republic
Buried	Santa Maria Novella

Joseph II (Greek: Ἰωσήφ; 1360 – 10 June 1439) was Patriarch of Constantinople from 1416 to 1439.

Life

Born the (possibly illegitimate) son of Ivan Shishman of Bulgaria in 1360, and a Greek mother,^[1] little is known of his early life before he became a monk on Mount Athos. He became Metropolitan of Ephesus in 1393, before being elected Patriarch of Constantinople on 21 May 1416.^[1] Together with Byzantine Emperor John VIII Palaiologos, 23 Metropolitan bishops and about 700 scholars and theologians, he took part in the Council of Florence. While in Florence, he was quartered in the Palazzo Ferrantini. He is portrayed in Benozzo Gozzoli's frescoes in the Magi Chapel of Palazzo Medici Riccardi, which celebrates the entrance of the Byzantine dignitaries in the city.

Joseph was very old and ill and died on 10 June 1439. His death caused much grief to all present at the council, as he was a fervent supporter of union between the Churches; before his death, he drew up and signed an important pro-union declaration for the council. His grave in the Dominican convent church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence survives, with an elaborate fresco portrait in a semi-Byzantine style. He was succeeded as Patriarch of Constantinople by Metrophanes II, who was appointed by Emperor John VIII on account of his similarly pro-unionist sentiments.

He was cousin of Constantine II of Bulgaria.

References

^ ^a ^b Magoulias, Harry J. (1975). Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks, by Doukas. An Annotated Translation of Historia Turco-Byzantina. Wayne State University Press. pp. 299, n. 201. ISBN 978-0-8143-1540-8. Joseph II, patriarch of Constantinople (1416-1439), was born ca. 1360 in Bulgaria, perhaps the illegitimate son of the future Bulgar tsar Sisman and a Greek mother. He became patriarch of Constantinople on 21 May 1416 after serving as metropolitan of Ephesus. Thus he was almost eighty years old when he died.

Sources

Council of Florence, at the Catholic Encyclopedia
Sergey F. Dezhnyuk, "Council of Florence: The Unrealized Union", CreateSpace, 2017.
Plamen Pavlov. Patriarh Jossif II (in Bulgarian)

External links

Media related to Joseph II of Constantinople at Wikimedia Commons

Eastern Orthodox Church titles
Preceded by Euthymius II	Patriarch of Constantinople 1416–1439	Succeeded by Metrophanes II

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[:0-1] Magoulias, Harry J. (1975). Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks, by Doukas. An Annotated Translation of Historia Turco-Byzantina. Wayne State University Press. pp. 299, n. 201. ISBN 978-0-8143-1540-8. Joseph II, patriarch of Constantinople (1416-1439), was born ca. 1360 in Bulgaria, perhaps the illegitimate son of the future Bulgar tsar Sisman and a Greek mother. He became patriarch of Constantinople on 21 May 1416 after serving as metropolitan of Ephesus. Thus he was almost eighty years old when he died.

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