List of the oldest schools in the Philippines
This is a list of educational institutions in the Philippines arranged according to the dates of their foundation. It comprises the list of the oldest schools in the Philippines sorted in various categories, and gives an overview of the development of education and higher learning in the Philippines. To be included in this list, an institution must satisfy a traditional definition of a formal educational institution at the time of its founding.
The oldest universities, colleges, vocational schools and the first modern public education system in Asia were created during the Spanish colonial period. The earliest schools were founded by Spanish Catholic missionaries. By the time Spain was replaced by the United States as the colonial power, Filipinos were among the most educated subjects in all of Asia.[3]
Dispute over the oldest school
editThe title of the oldest in the Philippines have been topic for debate between two educational institutions: the University of Santo Tomas and the University of San Carlos.[4]
The University of Santo Tomas, established in 1611 as the Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santisimo Rosario, is the oldest university in the Philippines. In 1935 the Commonwealth government of the Philippines through the Historical Research and Markers Committee declared that UST was "oldest university under the American flag."[5] In the 1990s, the Intramuros Administration installed a marker on the original site of the University of Santo Tomas with the recognition that the university is the "oldest university in Asia."[6] In 2011 Pope Benedict XVI recognized UST as "the oldest institution of Catholic higher education in the Far East,"[7] while in 2012 the National Historical Commission of the Philippines published an online article recognizing UST as "Asia’s Oldest University".[8]
However, University of San Carlos has opposed this recognition and claims that it is older than the University of Santo Tomas by 16 years by tracing its roots to the Colegio de San Ildefonso (established 1595).[9] In 1995, University of San Carlos celebrated its Quadricentennial (400th Anniversary).[10]
UST as Asia's Oldest University
editNumerous scholars and official government bodies have reviewed the case. In 2010, the National Historical Commission of the Philippines installed a bronze marker declaring USC's foundation late in the 18th Century, effectively disproving any direct connection with the Colegio de San Ildefonso.[11] According to Dr. Victor Torres of the De La Salle University, the University of San Carlos' claim dates back to 1948 only when USC was declared a university.[10] Fidel Villarroel from the University of Santo Tomas argued that USC only took over the facility of the former Colegio de San Ildefonso and that there is no 'visible' and 'clear' link between San Carlos and San Ildefonso.[12] Aloysius Cartagenas (a Cebuano), in a paper published by Philippiniana Sacra, stated that the correct foundation year of USC is 1867, and not 1595,[13] while in 2012 the National Historical Commission of the Philippines cemented its previous position when it published an online article recognizing UST as "Asia’s Oldest University.[8]
Oldest educational institutions
editCurrent name/ Latest name before extinction |
Year founded |
Name at time of foundation | Founding order |
Location upon foundation/ Last location if extinct |
Current status |
Current/Last affiliations |
Type | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Colegio de Santa Potenciana | 1589 | Colegio de Santa Potenciana | Franciscan Order | Intramuros, Manila | Defunct | Private | [14][15][16][17] | |
Universidad de San Ignacio | 1590 | Colegio de Manila | Society of Jesus | Intramuros, Manila | Defunct | Society of Jesus | Seminary, Pontifical, Royal, Private | [17][18][19] |
Colegio de San Ildefonso | 1595 | Colegio de San Ildefonso | Society of Jesus | Cebu City | Defunct | Society of Jesus | Private | [17][20][21][22] |
Colegio y Seminario de San José | 1601 | Colegio de San Jose | Society of Jesus | Intramuros, Manila | Active | Society of Jesus | Private | [17][23][24] |
Real y Pontificia Universidad de Santo Tomás de Aquino (University of Santo Tomas, Manila) | 1611 | Colegio de Nuestra Señora de Santisimo Rosario | Dominican Order | Intramuros, Manila | Active | Dominican Order | Private, Pontifical, Royal | [17][25][26] |
Colegio de San Juan de Letran | 1620 | Colegio de Niños Huerfanos de San Juan de Letran | Don Juan Geronimo Guerrero | Intramuros, Manila | Active | Dominican Order | Private | [17][27] |
Colegio de Huérfanos de Santos Pedro y Pablo | 1620 | Colegio de Huérfanos de Santos Pedro y Pablo | Dominican Order | Intramuros, Manila | Defunct | Private | [17][27] | |
Colegio de San Juan de Letran | 1620 | Colegio de San Juan de Letran | Dominican Order | Intramuros, Manila | Active | Dominican Order | Private | [17][27][28] |
Real Colegio de Santa Isabel (Santa Isabel College, Manila) | 1632 | Real Colegio de Santa Isabel | Intramuros, Manila | Active | Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul | Private | [17][29][30] | |
Universidad de San Felipe de Austria | 1640 | Universidad de San Felipe de Austria | Audiencia Real de Manila | Intramuros, Manila | Defunct | Public | [17][31] |
Oldest educational institutions in continuous operation
editOldest educational institutions for girls
editStill in operation Defunct Established as a School for Girls
Oldest public educational institutions
editStill in operation Defunct
Current name | Year founded |
Name at time of foundation | Location upon foundation | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Universidad de San Felipe de Austria | 1640 | Universidad de San Felipe de Austria | Intramuros, Manila | [31] |
Philippine Merchant Marine Academy | 1820 | Escuela Nautica de Manila | Zambales | [65] |
Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University | 1861 | Escuela De Artes y Oficios De Bacolor | Pampanga | [66] |
Baguio Central School | 1899 | Baguio | [67] | |
Baluarte Elementary School | 1905 | Molo, Iloilo City | [68] |
Educational institutions with the oldest university charters
editStill in operation Defunct
Oldest seminaries
editStill in operation Defunct
Oldest law schools
editStill in operation Defunct
Oldest schools of medicine
editOldest normal schools
editCurrent name | Year founded |
Name at time of foundation | Location upon foundation | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
Universidad de Sta. Isabel | 1875 | Escuela Normal de Maestras of Colegio de Sta. Isabel | Camarines Sur | [104] |
Philippine Normal University | 1901 | Philippine Normal School | Manila | [105] |
West Visayas State University | 1902 | Iloilo Normal School | Iloilo | [106] |
Oldest schools of engineering
editName | Year founded |
Educational institution | Location upon foundation | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|
University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Engineering | 1907 | University of Santo Tomas | Intramuros, Manila | [107] |
Mapúa University | 1925 | Mapúa University | Manila | [108] |
References
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