Stand Ye Guamanians (CHamoru: Fanohge CHamoru), officially known as the Guam Hymn (CHamoru: Kantikun Guahan), is the regional anthem of Guam. The original English lyrics and music were written and composed in 1919 by Ramon Manilisay Sablan. The lyrics were slightly modified by the U.S. government prior to official adoption in 1952. In 1974, Lagrimas Untalan translated the English lyrics into CHamoru, which were made official in 1989. The CHamoru version is more widely used today.
| English: Stand Ye Guamanians | |
|---|---|
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Territorial anthem of  Guam | |
| Also known as | Kantikun Guahan (English: The Guam Hymn) |
| Lyrics | English lyrics: Ramon Manilisay Sablan, 1919 Chamorro lyrics: Lagrimas Untalan, 1974 |
| Music | Ramon Manilisay Sablan, 1919 |
| Adopted | English lyrics:
|
| Audio sample | |
Band instrumental version (without repeats) | |
As a United States dependency, the official national anthem is still the "Star Spangled Banner", which is always played before the Guam Hymn on official occasions.[1] The Guam Hymn, however, is played alone at international sports competitions.
History
editThe song was originally written in English and composed in 1919 by Ramon Manilisay Sablan (1901/02–1970), the first CHamoru medical doctor and a CHamoru rights activist. Sablan, who attended Oklahoma A&M (now Oklahoma State University), was also a classically trained accomplished pianist and oboe player who also sat in the college orchestra's first violin section. He received his medical degree from the University of Louisville School of Medicine in Kentucky.[2]
A February 1934 article in the Guam Recorder noted that the song had been sung customarily "for some years" during daily flag exercises in schools, alternating each day alongside another composition beginning with the line "All Hail to thee, our noble flag".[2]
After World War II, the U.S. government modified the lyrics of the song, such as changing the word "Chamorros" to "Guamanians" in the first line, before officially adopting it as the territorial anthem of Guam on 2 May 1952.[3] Despite this, the song practically disappeared from public consciousness and was no longer regularly sung by children as it had been prior to the war. However, at the turn of the 1970s, a noticeable decline in the transmission of the CHamoru language to children led to the song gaining more attention once again.[2]
In 1974, amid a resurgence in pride at CHamoru language and culture, educator and politician Lagrimas Leon Guerrero Untalan (1911–1997) translated the song into CHamoru[4] for Guam's first bilingual CHamoru-language education program, known as Kolehon Mandikiki ("Children's School"), which taught CHamoru to young children in public schools.[2] On 31 January 1989, the CHamoru lyrics were made official.[5] On 27 November 1991, it became mandatory for students to sing the anthem in CHamoru at school.[6]
Lyrics
edit| CHamoru lyrics[4][5][7][8] | IPA transcription[a] | English lyrics since 1952[2][4][5][7] | Original English lyrics (as documented in 1934)[2] |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
I |
I |
Notes
edit- ^ See Chamorro language § Phonology and Chamorro language § Orthography.
- ^ CHamoru is often written in the pre-1993[9] orthography's Chamorro,[5][6][7][8] and i has occasionally been incorrectly written as it.[7][10]
- ^ Ma tunå-ña is sometimes written without a space.[5][6]: 13, 19 [7]
- ^ Sen paråt[11] has been variously written as sinparat,[5][6][7] sin paråt,[6]: 16, 18 sin parat,[6]: 5, 10, 19 sinparåt,[12] senparat,[13] senparåt[6]: 4, 9 [8] and sen parat.[2]
- ^ Sometimes written as U todu i tiempo i pas para hita.[6]: 16, 19 [8]
- ^ Bendision is sometimes written bendesion.[6]: 4, 9, 15, 16 [8]
- ^ Na'fansåfo' ham is written as na fan safu'ham in Public Law 21-70 from 1991.[6]: 5, 10
- ^ In the modern orthography, Guam is written Guåhan.[4]
References
edit- ^ "Guam Code Annotated – Chapter 4: Political Authority; Jurisdiction" (PDF). Supreme Court of Guam. p. 20. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
- ^ a b c d e f g Gumataotao, Andrew Paul Mantanona (2021). "Na'la'la' i taotao tano': Navigating the Performative Terrain of CHamoru Reclamations". ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. pp. 26– (24– in file).
- ^ "Public Law 1-047" (PDF). Guam Legislature Archives. 1952-05-02. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
- ^ a b c d "Guam Hymn / Fanohge CHamoru". Guampedia. March 10, 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f "Public Law 19-55" (PDF). Guam Legislature. 1989-01-31. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Public Law 21-70" (PDF). Guam Legislature. 1991-11-27. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
- ^ a b c d e f "Guam Code Annotated – Chapter 10: Holidays, Festivities, Time, etc" (PDF). Supreme Court of Guam. pp. 27–28. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
- ^ a b c d e Cunningham, Lawrence J.; Beaty, Janice J. (2001). Guam: A Natural History. Bess Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-1-57306-046-2.
- ^ Taitano, Gina E. (30 September 2009). "Chamorro vs. Chamoru". Guampedia. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
- ^ "Spelling snafu on wall of new Guam Museum - KUAM.com-KUAM News: On Air. Online. On Demand". www.kuam.com. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
- ^ "CCF-Program-2016" (PDF). Chamorro Hands in Education Links Unity. p. 10. Archived from the original on 2019-10-29. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Orthography as of April 9, 2019" (PDF). Kumisión CHamoru. 2019-04-09. p. 14 (20 in file). Retrieved 2022-01-22.
- ^ "Guam Code Annotated – Title 17: Education – Chapter 8: Chamorro Language and Cultural Education" (PDF). Supreme Court of Guam. Retrieved 2022-01-22.