Mundugumor (Munduguma, Mundukomo) a.k.a. Biwat is a Yuat language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in Biwat village (4°24′55″S 143°51′36″E / 4.415234°S 143.859962°E) of Yuat Rural LLG, East Sepik Province.[1][2]
| Mundugumor | |
|---|---|
| Biwat | |
| Region | East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea |
| Ethnicity | Mundugumor people |
Native speakers | 3,000 (2003)[1] |
Yuat
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | bwm |
| Glottolog | biwa1243 |
| ELP | Biwat |
| Coordinates: 4°24′55″S 143°51′36″E / 4.415234°S 143.859962°E | |
Phonology
editMundukumo consonants are:[3]
p t k ᵐb ⁿd ᶮʤ ᵑg m n ɲ ŋ f s ᵐv r w j
Mundukumo vowels are:[3]
| i | u | |
| e | ə | o |
| a |
Nouns
editSome examples showing Mundukomo nouns and their irregular plural forms:[3]: 228
gloss singular plural ‘snake’ mas mase ‘tooth’ adusuva adusuvavi ‘bone’ avu avuvavi ‘nose’ ŋlək ŋlu ‘thigh’ guak go ‘hand’ klik klia ‘dog’ ken kidu ‘betelnut’ siman simadu ‘ear’ tuan tuadu ‘fire’ mən məda ‘basket’ ban bada ‘mouth’ balaŋ balaji ‘house’ klaŋ klagi ‘star’ susuaŋ susuagi ‘water’ mam mabi ‘neck’ volam volabi ‘ball’ muŋmam muŋmabi ‘cassowary’ kalim kalimu ‘girl’ analom analomu ‘paddle’ dum dumu
Similar patterns of complex nominal plural allomorphy are also found in the Lower Sepik-Ramu languages.[3]: 228
External links
edit- Paradisec has a collection of recordings of Biwat language. They also have a collection of recordings from Papua New Guinea, Australia and the Pacific from Don Laycock that includes Biwat materials.
Further reading
edit- McDowell, Nancy. 1991. The Mundugumor: From the Fieldnotes of Margaret Mead and Reo Fortune. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
- McElvenny, James. 2007. Notes on Mundukumo. Unpublished manuscript, Department of Linguistics, University of Sydney.
References
edit- ^ a b Mundugumor at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ United Nations in Papua New Guinea (2018). "Papua New Guinea Village Coordinates Lookup". Humanitarian Data Exchange. 1.31.9.
- ^ a b c d Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
