Megabirnaviridae is a family of double-stranded RNA viruses with one genus Megabirnavirus which infects fungi.[1] The group name derives from member's bipartite dsRNA genome and mega that is greater genome size (16 kbp) than families Birnaviridae (6 kbp) and Picobirnaviridae (4 kbp). There is only one species in this family: Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1. Diseases associated with this family include: reduced host virulence.[2][3]
| Megabirnavirus | |
|---|---|
| |
Virus classification 
| |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Duplornaviricota |
| Class: | Chrymotiviricetes |
| Order: | Ghabrivirales |
| Family: | Megabirnaviridae |
| Genus: | Megabirnavirus |
Structure
editViruses in the family Megabirnaviridae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 50 nm.[citation needed]
Genome
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The genome is composed of two double-stranded RNA segments of 7.2–8.9 kbp each and of a total length of 16.1 kbp. The genome codes for four proteins.[2][3]
Life cycle
editViral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movement. Fungi serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are parental and sexual.[2][3]
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Megabirnavirus | Fungi | None | Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis | Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasmic exchange; hyphal anastomosis |
Taxonomy
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The family Megabirnaviridae has one genus which has one species:[4]
- Megabirnavirus
- Rosellinia necatrix megabirnavirus 1
References
edit- ^ Sato, Y; Miyazaki, N; Kanematsu, S; Xie, J; Ghabrial, SA; Hillman, BI; Suzuki, N; ICTV Report, Consortium (September 2019). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Megabirnaviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (9): 1269–1270. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001297. PMID 31418675.
- ^ a b c "ICTV Report Megabirnaviridae".
- ^ a b c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
- ^ "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.