The Mak language (Chinese: 莫语; autonym: ʔai3 maːk8)[2] is a Kam–Sui language spoken in Libo County, Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou, China. It is spoken mainly in the four townships of Yangfeng (羊/阳风乡, including Dali 大利村 and Xinchang 新场村 dialects[3]), Fangcun (方村), Jialiang (甲良), and Diwo (地莪) in Jialiang District (甲良), Libo County. Mak speakers can also be found in Dushan County. Mak is spoken alongside Ai-Cham and Bouyei.[4] The Mak, also called Mojia (莫家) in Chinese, are officially classified as Bouyei by the Chinese government.[5]
| Mak | |
|---|---|
| ʼai3 ma꞉k8 | |
| Native to | China |
| Region | Libo County, southern Guizhou |
| Ethnicity | 10,000 (2000)[1] |
Native speakers | 5,000 (2007)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | mkg |
| Glottolog | makc1235 |
| ELP | Mak (China) |
Yang (2000) considers Ai-Cham and Mak to be different dialects of the same language.
The Fangcun dialect was first studied by Fang-Kuei Li in 1942, and the Yangfeng dialect was studied in the 1980s by Dabai Ni of the Minzu University of China.[4] Ni also noted that the Mak people only sing Bouyei folk songs, and that about 5,000 Mak people have shifted to the Bouyei language.
Dialects
editWu et al. (2016) contains a 2,531-item word list of 5 Mak dialects. Wu et al. (2016) also has data tables comparing a few hundred words in Bouyei, Sui, and Mak. The Mak dialects compared, each of which are spoken in their respective townships, are:[6]
- Jialiang 甲良
- Fangcun 方村
- Yangfeng 阳凤
- Boyao 播尧 (Diwo 地莪)
- Jichang 基长
References
edit- ^ a b Mak at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ See Proto-Tai language#Tones for an explanation of the tone numbers.
- ^ Ni, Dabai 倪大白 (2010). Dòng-Táiyǔ gàilùn 侗台语概论 [An Introduction to Kam-Tai Languages] (in Chinese). Beijing Shi: Minzu chubanshe. p. 249. ISBN 978-7-105-10582-3.
- ^ a b Ni, Dabai (1988). "Yangfeng Mak of Libo County". In Edmondson, Jerold A.; Solnit, David B. (eds.). Comparative Kadai: Linguistic Studies Beyond Tai. Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington. pp. 87–106.
- ^ Zhou, Guoyan 周国炎 (2013). Zhōngguó xīnán mínzú zájū dìqū yǔyán guānxì yǔduō yǔ héxié yánjiū: Yǐ Diān Qián Guì pílín mínzú zájū dìqū wèi yánjiū gè'àn 中国西南民族杂居地区语言关系与多语和谐研究：以滇黔桂毗邻民族杂居地区为研究个案 (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe. ISBN 978-7-5161-1985-3.
- ^ Wu Wenyi 伍文义; Wu Qilu 吴启禄; Long Jiangang 龙建刚 (2016). Guizhou Buyizu "Mojiahua" diaocha yanjiu 贵州布依族“莫家话”调查研究. Guiyang: Guizhou University Press 贵州大学出版社. ISBN 9787811269796. OCLC 1050889915.
- Edmondson, Jerold A.; Solnit, David B., eds. (1988). Comparative Kadai: Linguistic Studies Beyond Tai. Summer Institute of Linguistics and the University of Texas at Arlington.
- Yang, Tongyin 杨通银 (2000). Mòyǔ yánjiū 莫语研究 [A Study of Mak] (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhongyang minzu daxue chubanshe.
- Zhou, Guoyan 周国炎 (2013). Zhōngguó xīnán mínzú zájū dìqū yǔyán guānxì yǔduō yǔ héxié yánjiū: Yǐ Diān Qián Guì pílín mínzú zájū dìqū wèi yánjiū gè'àn 中国西南民族杂居地区语言关系与多语和谐研究：以滇黔桂毗邻民族杂居地区为研究个案 (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe. ISBN 978-7-5161-1985-3.