Onhan is a regional Western Bisayan language spoken, along with the Romblomanon and Asi languages, in the province of Romblon, Philippines.[2] The language is also known as Inunhan and Loocnon.
- The Onhan language has three variants – those spoken in the municipalities of Santa Maria and Alcantara use /l/ instead of /r/. Example: kararaw is kalalaw, and other speakers change /r/ or /l/ to /d/ as in run or lun to dun.
| Onhan | |
|---|---|
| Loocnon, Inonhan | |
| Native to | Philippines |
| Region | Romblon |
Native speakers | 86,000 (2000)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | loc |
| Glottolog | inon1237 |
 Inonhan language map based on Ethnologue | |
Specifically, Onhan is spoken on the following islands within Romblon:
- Tablas: the municipalities of San Andres, Santa Maria, Alcantara, Ferrol, Looc, and Santa Fe and some upland sitios in Odiongan,.
- Carabao: the sole municipality of San Jose.
As a variant of the Kinaray-a language, some speakers are found on the island of Boracay in Aklan province as well as parts of the island of Panay, specifically in the following municipalities: Malay, Nabas and Buruanga. In the provinces of Oriental and Occidental Mindoro, migrant Onhan speakers from Tablas Island brought the language to the following municipalities: San Jose, Magsaysay, Bulalacao, Mansalay, Roxas, and some parts of Bongabong. As such, it is very much related to Kinaray-a and Kuyonon.
Grammar
editPronouns
edit| Absolutive1 (emphatic) |
Absolutive2 (non-emphatic) |
Ergative | Oblique | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person singular | ako | takon | nakon, ko | akon |
| 2nd person singular | ikaw, kaw | timo | nimo, mo | imo |
| 3rd person singular | imaw | – | nana | ana |
| 1st person plural inclusive | kita | taton | naton, ta | aton |
| 1st person plural exclusive | kami | tamon | namon | amon |
| 2nd person plural | kamo | tinyo | ninyo | inyo |
| 3rd person plural | sanda | – | nanda | anda |
Numbers
edit| Number | Onhan |
|---|---|
| 1 | Isyá |
| 2 | Darwá |
| 3 | Tatló |
| 4 | Ap-at |
| 5 | Limá |
| 6 | An-um |
| 7 | Pitó |
| 8 | Waló |
| 9 | Siyám |
| 10 | Púlô |
| 100 | Isya-kagatús |
| 1000 | Isya-kalibó |
| First | Una |
| Second | Pangalwa |
| Third | Pangatlo |
| Fourth | Pang-ap-at |
| Fifth | Pang-limá |
| Sixth | Pang-an-um |
| Seventh | Pang-pitó |
| Eighth | Pang-waló |
| Ninth | Pang-siyám |
| Tenth | Pang-púlô |
Literature
editThe New Testament was translated into Bisaya-Inunhan by Eldon Leano Talamisan and published in 1999.
The Harrow (Ang Singkaw), an official publication of Romblon State University, publishes Inunhan poems, stories and other genres of literature.
References
edit- ^ Onhan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Quadra-Balibay, Angie (2020-02-06). "UP scientists, linguists develop online dictionary to save endangered Filipino languages". GoodNewsPilipinas.com. Retrieved 2024-02-01.