List of flower fly species of North America

There are more than 870 species[1] of flower fly (Syrphidae) in North America .[2] The following is an attempt at a comprehensive North American list of this family of insects.[3]

Family Syrphidae edit

Subfamily Syrphinae edit

Tribe Bacchini edit

Genus Baccha Fabricius, 1805[4] edit
Genus Melanostoma Schiner, 1860 edit
Genus Platycheirus Lepeletier & Serville, 1828[6] edit

70 species [1]

Tribe Paragini edit

Genus Paragus Latreille edit

Tribe Pipizini edit

Genus Pipiza Fallén edit
Genus Heringia Rondani, 1856 edit
Genus Trichopsomyia Williston, 1888 edit

Tribe Syrphini edit

Genus Allograpta Osten Sacken edit

5 species [1]

Genus Chrysotoxum Meigen edit

13 species [2][12]

Genus Dasysyrphus Enderlein edit

14 species [2][13]

Genus Didea Macquart edit

2 species [2]

Genus Dioprosopa Hull, 1949 edit
Genus Doros Meigen edit
Genus Epistrophe Walker edit
Genus Epistrophella edit
Genus Eriozona Schiner edit
Genus Eupeodes Osten Sacken edit

21 Species [14]

Genus Lapposyrphus edit
Genus Leucozona Schiner edit
Genus Melangyna Verrall edit
Genus Meligramma Frey edit
Genus Meliscaeva Frey edit
Genus Ocyptamus Macquart edit

14 species [2]

Genus Orphnabaccha Vockeroth, 1969 edit
Genus Parasyrphus Matsumura edit
Genus Philhelius edit
Genus Salpingogaster Schiner edit
Genus Scaeva edit
Genus Sphaerophoria edit

13 species [1]

Genus Syrphus edit

11 species [1]

Tribe Toxomerini edit

Genus Toxomerus edit

23 species [1]

Subfamily Microdontinae edit

Genus Aristosyrphus edit

Genus Carreramyia edit

Genus Microdon edit

29 species [23][24]

Genus Mixogaster edit

Key to North American species[37]

Genus Omegasyrphus edit

Genus Peradon edit

Genus Pseudomicrodon edit

Genus Rhopalosyrphus edit

Genus Ubristes edit

Subfamily Eristalinae edit

Tribe Brachyopini edit

Genus Brachyopa Meigen, 1822 edit

17 species

Genus Chrysogaster Meigen, 1803 edit
Genus Chrysosyrphus Sedman, 1965 edit
Genus Hammerschmidtia Schummel, 1834 edit
Genus Myolepta edit

8 species

Genus Neoascia edit
Genus Orthonevra edit
Genus Sphegina edit

[44]

Tribe Callicerini edit

Genus Callicera edit

Tribe Cerioidini edit

Genus Ceriana edit
Genus Monoceromyia edit
Genus Polybiomyia edit
Genus Sphiximorpha edit

Tribe Eristalini edit

Genus Eristalinus edit
Genus Eristalis edit
Genus Helophilus edit

12 species [1]

Genus Lejops edit
Genus Mallota edit

11 species [1]

Genus Meromacrus edit
Genus Myathropa edit
Genus Palpada Macquart, 1854 edit
Genus Parhelophilus edit

Tribe Sericomyini edit

Genus Sericomyia edit

14 species [1]

Genus Pyritis edit

Tribe Merodontini edit

Genus Eumerus edit
Genus Merodon edit
Genus Nausigaster edit

Tribe Milesini edit

Genus Blera Billberg, 1820[47] edit
Genus Brachypalpus edit
Genus Chalcosyrphus edit
Genus Criorhina edit

14 species [16] [10]

Genus Cynorhinella edit
Genus Hadromyia Williston, 1882[51] edit
Subgenus Chrysosomidia Curran, 1934[52] edit
Subgenus Hadromyia Williston, 1882[54] edit
Genus Merapoides edit
Genus Milesia edit

3 species [55]

Genus Palumbia edit
Genus Pocota edit
Genus Pterallastes Loew, 1863[57] edit
Genus Somula Macquart, 1847[46] edit
Genus Sphecomyia edit

14 species [58][59]

Genus Spilomyia edit

10 species [64]

Genus Syritta edit
Genus Temnostoma edit

10 species [1]

Genus Teuchocnemis edit
Genus Tropidia edit

8 species [1]

Genus Xylota edit

29 species [1]

Tribe Rhingiini edit

Genus Chamaesyrphus edit
Genus Cheilosia edit
Genus Ferdinandea edit
Genus Rhingia edit
Genus Hiatomyia edit
  • Hiatomyia canadensis (Shannon, 1922)
  • Hiatomyia chionthrix Hull & fluke 1950 [78]
  • Hiatomyia chrysothrix (Hull & Fluke, 1950) [78]
  • Hiatomyia coriacea (Hull & Fluke, 1950)[78]
  • Hiatomyia cyanea (Hunter, 1896)
  • Hiatomyia cyanescens (Loew, 1863)
  • Hiatomyia cyascens (Loew , 1863)
  • Hiatomyia gemini (Shannon, 1922)
  • Hiatomyia hecate (Hull & Fluke, 1950)[78]
  • Hiatomyia hyacintha (Hull & Fluke, 1950)[78]
  • Hiatomyia idahoa (Shannon, 1922)
  • Hiatomyia nigrocyanea (Hull & Fluke, 1950)[78]
  • Hiatomyia niveifrons (Hull & Fluke, 1950)[78]
  • Hiatomyia nyctichroma (Hull & Fluke, 1950)[78]
  • Hiatomyia olivia (Hull & Fluke, 1950)[78]
  • Hiatomyia plumosa (Coquillett, 1904)
  • Hiatomyia plutonia (Hunter, 1897)
  • Hiatomyia rubroflava (Hull & Fluke, 1950)[78]
  • Hiatomyia signatiseta (Hunter, 1896)
  • Hiatomyia tessa (Hull & Fluke, 1950)[78]
  • Hiatomyia townsendi (Hunter, 1896)
  • Hiatomyia willistoni (Snow, 1895)

Tribe Volucellini edit

Genus Copestylum edit

82 species [1]

Genus Ornidia edit
Genus Volucella edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Kaufman Field Guide to Insects of North America (Kaufman Field Guides) – Eric R. Eaton; Kenn Kaufman
  2. ^ a b c d e Vockeroth, J. R. (1992). The Flower Flies of the Subfamily Syrphinae of Canada, Alaska, and Greenland (Diptera: Syrphidae). Part 18. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada (PDF). Ottawa, Ontario: Canadian Government Pub Centre. pp. 1–456. ISBN 0-660-13830-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-06-15. Retrieved 2013-06-26.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Skevington, J.H.; Locke, M.M.; Young, A.D.; Moran, K.; Crins, W.J.; Marshall, S.A (2019). Field Guide to the Flower Flies of Northeastern North America. Princeton Field Guides (First ed.). Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 512. ISBN 9780691189406.
  4. ^ a b Fabricius, Johann Christian (1805). Systema antliatorum secundum ordines, genera, species. Bransvigae: Apud Carolum Reichard. pp. i–xiv, 1–373. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
  5. ^ Fabricius, J.C. (1775). Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae [= Flensburg & Leipzig]: Kortii. pp. [32] + 832. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
  6. ^ Le Peletier, Amédée Louis Michel, de Saint Fargeau; Serville, ean Guillaume Audinet (1828). In: Latreille, P. A., A. L. M. Lepeletier, J. G. A. Serville, & F. E. Guérin-Méneville. Entomologie, Ou Histoire Naturelle Des Crustacés, Des Arachnides Et Des Insectes. In: Encyclopédie methodique, Histoire naturelle. Vol. tome dixième. Paris: Agasse. Retrieved 10 July 2021.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ a b c d e f Vockeroth, J.R (1986). "Revision of the New World species of Paragus Latreille". Canadian Entomologist. 118: 183–198. doi:10.4039/Ent118183-3. S2CID 86755427.
  8. ^ METCALF, C. L. (1912). "Life-Histories of Syrphidae II". The Ohio Naturalist. 12: 397.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  9. ^ a b c d e Bigot, Jacques-Marie-Frangile (1884). "Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 22e partie, XXXII: Syrphidi (2e partie). espèces nouvelles, No 1er". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 3 (6): 315–356. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g Curran, C. H (1921). "Revision of the Pipiza group of the family Syrphidae (flower-flies) from north of Mexico". Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. Fourth Series. 11: 345–393.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Walker, F. (1849). List of the specimens of dipterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part III. London: British Museum (Natural History). pp. 485–687.
  12. ^ Shannon, Raymond C (1927). "The Chrysotoxine Syrphid-Flies". Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum. 69: 1–20.
  13. ^ Locke, Michelle; Skevington, Jeffrey (2013). "Revision of Nearctic Dasysyrphus". Zootaxa. 3660 (1): 1–80. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3660.1.1. PMID 25333084.
  14. ^ "Eupeodes Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved August 3, 2022.
  15. ^ Fluke, C.L. (1935). "Revision of the Epistrophe flies of America north of Mexico". Entomologica Americana. 15: 29.
  16. ^ a b c d e Williston, S.W. (1887). "Synopsis of the North American Syrphidae". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 31: 1–335.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  17. ^ Curran, Charles Howard (1924). Contribution to a monograph of the Syrphidae (Diptera) from north of Mexico. Vol. 15. Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas.
  18. ^ Thompson, F.C. (2012). "Fabulous flower flies for famous fly fanatics (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Canadian Entomologist. 144: 1–16. doi:10.4039/tce.2012.4. S2CID 86534594.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g "ADW: Toxomerus: CLASSIFICATION". animaldiversity.org.
  20. ^ Marinoni, Luciane; Thompson, F. Christian (2003). "Flower flies of southeastern Brazil (Diptera: Syrphidae) Part I. Introduction and new species". Studia Dipterologica. 10 (2): 565–578. ISSN 0945-3954.
  21. ^ a b Mengual, Ximo; Gunilla Stahls; Santos Rojo (2008). "First phylogeny of predatory flower flies (Diptera, Syrphidae, Syrphinae) using mitochondrial COI and nuclear 28S rRNA genes: conflict and congruence with the current tribal classification" (PDF). Cladistics. 24 (4). Wiley-Blackwell: 543–562. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00200.x. hdl:10045/12249. PMID 34879632. S2CID 85348839. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-04-09. Retrieved 2009-06-18.
  22. ^ F. Christian Thompson & Luciane Marinoni (2008). "The genus Aristosyrphus Curran (Diptera: Syrphidae)" (Abstract). Studia Dipterologica (Supplement): in press.
  23. ^ a b c d e Thompson, F.C (1981). "Revisionary notes on Nearctic Microdon flies (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 83: 725–758.
  24. ^ a b c Knab, F. (1917). "On some North American species of Microdon (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 30: 133–143.
  25. ^ Fabricius, Johann Christian (1805). Systema antliatorum : secundum ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Brunsvigae. p. 372.?
  26. ^ Loew, Hermann (1872). "Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria decima". Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift. 16: 49–124. doi:10.1002/mmnd.18720160110. Retrieved 25 July 2021.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  27. ^ a b c d e Loew, H. (1864). "Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria quinta". Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift. 8: 49–104. doi:10.1002/mmnd.18640080105. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
  28. ^ Walton, W.R (1912). "New North American Diptera". Entomological News. 23: 463–464.
  29. ^ a b Curran, Charles Howard (1925). "Contribution to a monograph of the American Syrphidae north of Mexico". The Kansas University Science Bulletin. 15: 7–216.
  30. ^ a b Curran, C.H. (1924). "Brief Diagnoses of Some Diptera Occurring in New England". Psyche: A Journal of Entomology. 31 (5): 226–227. doi:10.1155/1924/51756.
  31. ^ Snow, W.A. (1892). "Notes and descriptions of Syrphidae". The Kansas University Quarterly. 1: 33–38.
  32. ^ Hull, F.M. (1922). "New Syrphidae (Diptera) from Mississippi". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 15 (4): 370–372. doi:10.1093/aesa/15.4.370.
  33. ^ a b Macquart, Pierre-Justin-Marie (1842). Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Tome deuxieme.--2e partie. Paris: Roret. pp. 5–140. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  34. ^ a b Skevington, Jeffrey (2019). "New Syrphidae (Diptera) of North-eastern North America". Biodiversity Data Journal. 7: e36673. doi:10.3897/BDJ.7.e36673. PMC 6736894. PMID 31543695.
  35. ^ Townsend, C.H.T. (1895). "Notes on the Diptera of Baja California, including some species from adjacent regions". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 2: 593–620.
  36. ^ Townsend, C.H.T. (1895). "Notes on the Diptera of Baja California, including some species from adjacent regions". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 2: 593–620.
  37. ^ a b c Hull', Frank M (1954). "The Genus Mixogaster Macquart" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (1652).
  38. ^ a b Kahl, P.H.I. (1897). "New species of the syrphid genera Mixogaster Macq. and Ceria Fabr., with notes". The Kansas University Quarterly. 6: 137–146.
  39. ^ Weems, Howard V.; Thompson, F. Christian; Rotheray, Graham; Deyrup, Mark A. (2003). "The Genus Rhopalosyrphus (Diptera: Syrphidae)". Florida Entomologist. 86 (2). Florida: 186–193. doi:10.1653/0015-4040(2003)086[0186:TGRDS]2.0.CO;2.
  40. ^ Reemer, Menno (2017). "Ubristes rex sp. n., a new microdontine hoverfly from northern Brazil (Diptera: Syrphidae: Microdontinae)". Zootaxa. 4362 (2): 280–286. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4362.2.7. PMID 29245430.
  41. ^ a b Harris, M. (1780). An exposition of English insects. Vol. Decads III, IV. London: Robson Co. pp. 73–99, 100–138, pls. 21–30, 31–40. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  42. ^ Strobl, P.G. (1898). "Die Dipteren von Steiermark. IV Theil". Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark. 34 [1897]: 192–298. Retrieved 30 October 2021.
  43. ^ Skevington, Jeffrey (2019). "New Syrphidae (Diptera) of North-eastern North America". Biodiversity Data Journal. 7: e36673. doi:10.3897/BDJ.7.e36673. PMC 6736894. PMID 31543695. S2CID 202732243.
  44. ^ Coovert, G. C.; Thompson F. C. (1977). "The Sphegina species of Eastern North America (Diptera: Syrphidae)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 90: 536–552.
  45. ^ a b Thompson, F. Christian (1997). "Revision of the Eristalis flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of the Americas south of the United States" (PDF). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 99. Washington D.C.: Entomological Society of Washington: 209–237. ISSN 0013-8797. Retrieved 2009-06-19.
  46. ^ a b c d Macquart, Pierre-Justin-Marie (1847). Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. 2.e supplement. Paris: Roret. pp. 5–104, 6 pls.
  47. ^ Billberg, G.J. (1820). Enumeratio insectorum in Museo. Stockholm: Gust. Joh. Billberg. p. 138. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
  48. ^ a b Osten Sacken, Karl Robert (1875). "A list of the North American Syrphidae". Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences. 3: 38–71. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  49. ^ Johnson, C.W. (1913). "On the Criorhina intersistens Walker and an allied species (Dipt.)". Entomological News. 24: 293–295. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  50. ^ Curran, Charles Howard (1953). "Notes and descriptions of some Mydaidae and Syrphidae" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (1645): 1–15. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  51. ^ Williston, S.W. (1882). "New or little known genera of North American Syrphidae". The Canadian Entomologist. 14 (4): 77–80. doi:10.4039/Ent1477-4. S2CID 86699866. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  52. ^ Curran, Charles Howard (1934). The families and genera of North American Diptera. New York: The Ballou Press. pp. 1–512. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
  53. ^ a b c Shannon, Raymond Corbett (1916). "Notes on some genera of Syrphidae with descriptions of new species". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 18: 101–113. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  54. ^ a b c d Williston, Samuel Wendell (1882). "Contribution to a monograph of the North American Syrphidae". Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 20 (112): 299–332. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
  55. ^ Hull, Frank Montgomery (1924). "Milesia in North America". Entomological News. 35: 280–282.
  56. ^ Hunter, W.D. (1897). "A contribution to the knowledge of North American Syrphidae. II". The Canadian Entomologist. 29 (6): 121–144, 1 pl. doi:10.4039/Ent29121-6. S2CID 83670306. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  57. ^ a b Loew, Hermann (1863). "Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena". Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift. 7: 275–326. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  58. ^ a b c d e f g h Moran, K.M (2019). "Revision of world Sphecomyia Latreille". ZooKeys (836): 15–79. doi:10.3897/zookeys.836.30326. PMC 6477872. PMID 31048958.
  59. ^ Weisman, K.E. (1964). "A new species of Sphecomyia (Diptera: Syrphidae) from California". Entomological News. 75: 266–268. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
  60. ^ Osten Sacken, Carl Robert (1877). "Western Diptera: Descriptions of new genera and species of Diptera from the region west of the Mississippi and especially from California". Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories. 3 (189–354). doi:10.5962/bhl.title.57939.
  61. ^ Vockeroth, J.R. (1965). "A new species of Sphecomyia from British Columbia (Diptera: Syrphidae)". The Canadian Entomologist. 97: 86–88. doi:10.4039/Ent9786-1. S2CID 88376804.
  62. ^ Shannon, Raymond Corbett (1925). "North American Sphecomyia (Diptera, Syrphidae)". The Pan-Pacific Entomologist. 2: 43–44.
  63. ^ Bigot, J.M.F. (1882). "Description de quatre genres nouveau de la tribu des syrphides (Syrphidae auctorum), ainsi que celles de deux nouvelles espèces". Bulletin Bimensuel de la Société Entomologique de France. 1882 (6): 78–79.
  64. ^ Thompson, F. Christian. (1997). "Spilomyia flower flies of the New World (Diptera)" (PDF). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington. 18 (1996): 261–272. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
  65. ^ Williston, S. W. (1887). "Synopsis of the North American Syrphidae". Bulletin of the United States National Museum. 31: xxx + 335. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  66. ^ a b c Loew, H. (1866). "Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria sexta". Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift. (1865) 9: 127–186. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
  67. ^ a b c Shannon, Raymond Corbett (1926). "Review of the American xylotine syrphid-flies". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 69 ((9)[2635]): 1–52. doi:10.5479/si.00963801.69-2637.1. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  68. ^ Say, T. (1824). American entomology, or descriptions of the insects of North America. [Vol. 1]. Philadelphia. pp. [101 pp.], pls. 1-18. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
  69. ^ a b c d Curran, Charles Howard (1941). "New American Syrphidae" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 78: 243–304. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  70. ^ Curran, C.H. (1925). "New species of Xylota (Syrphidae, Dipt.)". The Canadian Entomologist. 57 (2): 44–45. doi:10.4039/Ent5744-2. S2CID 85891102.
  71. ^ Johnson, C.W. (1921). "New Diptera from Texas and Mexico". Psyche: A Journal of Entomology. 28 (2). Cambridge Entomological Club: 56–59. doi:10.1155/1921/38319. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
  72. ^ Cole, F.; Lovett, A. L. (1919). "New Oregon Diptera". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 4th series. 9: 221–255. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
  73. ^ a b Meigen, Johann Wilhelm (1822). Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäische n zweiflugeligen Insekten. Hamm: Dritter Theil. Schulz-Wundermann. pp. x, 416, pls. 22–32. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  74. ^ Stubbs, Alan E.; Falk, Steven J. (1983). British Hoverflies: An Illustrated Identification Guide. British Entomological & Natural History Society. pp. 253, xvpp.
  75. ^ a b c Barkalov, A.V. "Syrphidae collection of Siberian Zoological Museum". Novosibirsk, Russia: the Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on October 20, 2008. Retrieved 28 July 2009.
  76. ^ a b Loew, Hermann (1863). "Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria qu". Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift. 7: 309.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  77. ^ Osten-Sacken, Carl Robert (1877). Western Diptera : descriptions of new genera and species of Diptera from the region west of the Mississippi and especially from California. Washington: Smithsonian Institution. p. 354.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  78. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Hull, Frank Montgomery (1950). "The genus Cheilosia Meigen (Diptera, Syrphidae). The subgenera Cheilosia and Hiatomyia". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 94: 299–402. hdl:2246/1001.
  79. ^ a b c d e f Wiedemann, C.R.W (1830). Aussereuropäische Zweiflügelige Insekten. Hamm, in der Schulzischen Buchhandlung. p. 684 pp.
  80. ^ Marcos-Garcia, M. A (2002). "Life cycle, adult and immature stages of a new species of Copestylum (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Mexico reared from Cactaceae". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 95 (4): 432–440. doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2002)095[0432:LCAAIS]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 35346630.
  81. ^ a b c Bigot, J.M.F (1875). "Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 4e partie. V: Asilides exotiques nouveaux". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 5: 237–248.
  82. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Rotheray, G. E (2007). "Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in bromedliad (Bromeliaceae) including 22 new species". Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 150 (2): 267–317. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00288.x.
  83. ^ a b c d e f Williston, S. W. (1891). Biologia Centrali-Americana Zoology. Insecta. Diptera ·. Vol. 3. Taylor and Frances. p. 135.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  84. ^ Curran, C. H. (1927). "Synopsis of the Syrphid Genus Copestylum". Entomological News. 37.
  85. ^ a b Curran, C.H. (1930). "New species of Volucellinae from America (Syrphidae, Diptera)" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (413): 23.

External links edit