Wikipedia

List of ghost towns in Oregon

(Redirected from List of abandoned communities in Oregon)

According to several historians, the U.S. state of Oregon contains over 200 ghost towns.[1][2] Professor and historian Stephen Arndt has counted a total of 256 ghost towns in the state, some well known, others "really obscure."[3] The high number of ghost towns and former communities in the state is largely due to its frontier history and the influx of pioneers who emerged in the area during the 19th century.[2] Many of the ghost towns in Oregon were once mining or lumber camps that were abandoned after their respective industries became unprosperous.[2]

This list includes towns and communities that have been described as ghost towns, and may be abandoned, unpopulated, or have populations that have declined to significantly small numbers;[a] some may still be classified as unincorporated communities. As of 2019, some of the towns included may have small residual populations; others may retain few physical remnants of their existence, but are broadly considered ghost towns under prevailing definitions in the United States.[b]

Classifications

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Many historians and enthusiasts of ghost towns use a classification system to distinguish ghost towns by types. This classification, which breaks towns into numerous different types, was established by photographer Gary Speck, and has been adapted here.[6][7]

Class Distinguishing features[6]
A No apparent remains of former settlement exist. In some cases, site may be marked and/or contain a cemetery.
B Dilapidated buildings and/or remnants of buildings present, along with rubble and debris.
C No population, but structures are still mostly intact; may be actively preserved by a caretaker.
D Area is sparsely populated and may boast period structures (of varied physical condition) and/or a cemetery, but no operative town proper.
E Has retained a small population and historic structures, though typically not as substantive as in its heyday.
F Not a stand-alone classification, but an addition to any of the above. It usually designates a restored town, state park, or indicates some other “additional” status.

Towns

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Antelope, 2009
 
Bayocean, c. 1911
 
Cornucopia, 1913
 
Flora, 2009
 
Golden, 2009
 
Kent, 2006
 
Lime building interior, 2012
 
Millican, 2011
 
Ordnance, 2011
 
Richmond, 2011
 
Whitney, c. 1900
 
Zumwalt, 2009
Town Est. Disest. County Class Notes Refs.
Airlie 1882 1927 Polk D The railroad from Airlie north to Monmouth was abandoned in 1927, but the community survived, anchored by a general store and gas station. [8][9]
Ajax 1888 1940s[10] Gilliam A 20 miles Northwest of Condon lies what's left of Ajax, along with its accompanying private use runway. [11]
All Hours Un­known Un­known Josephine A A gold mining town 4 miles east of Takilma in the Illinois River Valley. [12]
Alma 1880s Un­known Lane A It was the location of a work camp for the county Department of Corrections in Lane County until 2008. [13]
Andrews 1880 1996 Harney C When it burned down in 1996, the community became a ghost town. [14]
Anlauf 1901 1946 Douglas D Near modern Curtin. [15]
Antelope 1871 Wasco D As more Rajneeshees moved to Antelope, more of the town's original residents sold their lots and left. The old-timers panicked, and held a vote to disincorporate. [16]
Apiary 1889 Columbia D Currently, Apiary Road is a popular freight route for forest products moving from the Northern Oregon Coast Range to markets in Longview, Washington. [17]
Ashwood 1870 (c.) Jefferson C [18][19]
Auburn 1861 1903 Baker A Site of first gold rush in eastern Oregon. [20]
Austin 1888 1950 Grant C [21]
Bacona 1897 Washington A Four families from Denmark immigrated at the same time and settled in the area. [22]
Ballston 1878 1969 Polk D Previously known as “Ballsville”, the name of the post office was changed to Ballston in 1880. [23]
Bates 1917 1975 Grant A Named after Paul Chapman Bates [24]
Bayocean 1906 1953 Tillamook A Destroyed by coastal erosion; In 1971, the last remaining building (a garage) fell into the ocean. [25]
Beaver Hill 1896 1926 Coos A [26]
Bethel 1865 Polk D The only remaining structure is a school, now serving as a church. [27]
Black Rock 1910 1960 Polk A In 1943, Black Rock was incorporated into the U.S. tree farm system.
Blaine 1882 Tillamook D James G. Blaine. Smith was appointed postmaster in 1882. [28]
Blalock 1879 1968 Gilliam A Inundated by the John Day Dam in 1968. [29]
Blitzen 1915 (c.) 1943 Harney B [30]
Bohemia City 1893 1922 Lane B The mining town depended on provisions from Cottage Grove. [31]
Boston 1858 1899 Linn F Partly resected and subsumed by Shedd in 1899. [32]
Bourne 1895 Baker D Originally named "Cracker City". [33]
Boyd 1861 Wasco C Repurposed as farmland. [34]
Bradwood 1930 June 25, 1963 Clatsop A on June 25, 1963 the mill & entire town was sold at auction into private hands. A major fire in 1965 destroyed the mill & much of the remaining buildings, and another fire in 1984 took care of what buildings remained. [35][36][37]
Bridal Veil 1886 Multnomah D [38]
Brighton 1912 1950s Tillamook D Named for the seaside resort of Brighton, England. It was hoped the place would become a popular vacation spot. [39]
Browntown 1853 Un­known Josephine B It was located near the mouth of Walker Gulch on Althouse Creek before being moved in 1876. The flat on which the town stood has been long since sluiced away, and no trace of the old townsite remains. [12][40]
Buena Vista 1850 Polk D [41]
Bull Run 1893 Clackamas D Originally named Unavilla. Site of Bull Run Hydroelectric Powerhouse. [42][43]
Buncom 1851 Jackson C [44]
Burlington 1855 1857 Linn A Burlington post office was established in 1855 and ran until 1857 when it was renamed Peoria and likely moved to the other town [45]
Butteville 1840 Marion D [46][47]
Cabell City 1880s Grant B Mining encampment; also contains cemetery. [48]
Cascadia 1892 Linn C Originally a stage stop on the Santiam Wagon Road, then a summer resort also known as Cascadia Mineral Springs, Cascadia had a post office established in 1898. [49]
Castle Rock 1881 1968 Morrow A In 1968 Lake Umatilla inundated the railroad bed and the adjacent highway. The railroad station was subsequently moved to a higher elevation about a mile south and renamed Castle. [50]
Champoeg 1841 1861 Marion C-F Destroyed by the great flood of 1862 [51]
Chapman 1905 1990s Columbia A-F Originally the terminus to the Portland & Southwestern Railroad. In 2005, the Port of St. Helens donated the Chapman Landing property for a future trailhead, park, and water connection. [52][53]
Cherryville 1884 Clackamas D Remaining cemetery designated local historic site in 2014. [54][55]
Chitwood 1887 Lincoln D [56]
Chinatown 1864 1940s Baker A In the 1970s, the last of its buildings were torn down. [57]
Clarksville 1862 1880s Baker A [58]
Clatsop Plains 1870 1910s Clatsop F Clatsop Plains extended from the Skipanon River to Seaside. Eventually, Gearhart came into being and the town was subsumed by it. [59]
Clifton 1874 Clatsop D [60]
Coe 1889 1952 Marion B The original townsite of Detroit (coe) was inundated in 1952 when the Corps of Engineers finished Detroit Dam on the Santiam River. [61]
Copper 1924 1980 Jackson A Remaining buildings demolished and/or flooded to make way for Applegate Lake. [62]
Copper 1904 Wallowa B Now part of Hells Canyon National Recreation Area [63]
Copperfield 1898 1927 Baker A [64]
Cornucopia 1884 Baker C [65]
Cross Hollows 1879 1911 Wasco B Thought to be the previous name for Shaniko, August Scherneckau arrived at Cross Hollows from Germany in 1874. [10]
Danner 1863 Malheur D [66]
Dee 1906 Hood River B [67]
DeMoss 1897 Sherman C [68]
Divide 1900 1909 Lane A [69]
Dolph 1880s 1960s Tillamook A In 1916–1917, a new public road was built from the Little Nestucca road over Sourgrass Summit to join the old road, Because the new route to the coast was free, there was no longer a need to collect tolls and the town no longer had a reason to exist. [70]
Dufur 1893 Wasco E [71]
Elk City 1868 Lincoln D Originally named Newton. [72]
Ellendale 1850 Polk D [73]
Eola 1844 Polk D [74]
Erskine 1882 1907 Sherman A Also known as Millra. [68]
Eureka 1892 Baker B [75]
Eureka Bar 1903 Wallowa B As of 2015, only foundations of buildings remain. [76]
Farmington 1845 Washington D Was known as Bridgeport for a short time.
Fleetwood 1913 1938 Lake A
Flora 1897 Wallowa D [67]
Fort Clatsop 1804 Clatsop C [77]
Fort Stevens 1863 Clatsop C [78]
Frankport 1850s 1905 Curry A [79]
Fremont 1908 1922 Lake A [80]
Friend 1903 Wasco B [81]
Galena 1865 Grant C [82]
Geiser 1898 1910s Baker A [83]
Geneva 1910 Jefferson B [84]
Glencoe 1842 1910s Washington E-F In 1910, a railroad line to Tillamook was built to the north of Glencoe with much of the community relocating one mile west to the new community of North Plains. Whole buildings were moved to the new town. [85]
Golden 1840 (c.) Josephine C-F Golden has been a Oregon State Heritage Site since 2011. [86]
Grandview 1910 (c.) 1930 (c.) Jefferson B [87]
Granite 1867 Grant D [88][89]
Grant 1880 1894 Sherman C Almost completely abandoned after a flood, This site is currently privately owned. [90]
Greenback 1897 Josephine B [91]
Greenhorn 1897 Baker, Grant C [92]
Greenville 1871 Washington D [93]
Hardman 1881 Morrow D [94]
Hobsonville 1870s 1940s Tillamook C By World War II the community was largely defunct, with some portion of the Hobsonville Indian community moving to the town of Garibaldi. [95]
Horse Heaven 1933 Jefferson B [96]
Idiotville Un­known Tillamook A
Izee 1889 Grant D [97][98]
Jawbone Flats 1931 Marion C [99]
Jennyopolis 1851 1860s Benton A The first murder in Oregons history took place here, it would go on to shape the State of Oregon's legal procedures and laws. [100]
Jimtown 1904 Baker D [101]
Keasey August 5, 1890 1955 Columbia A There are no remains of the original community due to the destruction of the Portland, Astoria & Pacific Railroad. [102]
Kent 1887 Sherman D [103]
Kerby 1884 (c.) Josephine E [104]
Kerry 1917 1940s Columbia C It was founded to extend the Columbia & Nehalem River Railroad. [105]
Kernville 1896 Lincoln D [106]
Kings Valley 1855 Benton D [107][108]
Kingsley 1878 1930s (c.) Wasco B After the construction of the Great Southern Railroad in 1913 & the Dalles-California Highway in 1926, these bypasses sealed the towns fate. [109]
Kinton 1894 Washington D [110]
Kinzua 1927 1978 Wheeler A [111]
Kirk 1920 1948 Klamath A [112]
Kishwalks 1930s (c.) Wasco B Likely named after Elijah Kishwalk, about 5 mi south east of Simnasho [113][114]
Klondike 1899 1951 Sherman B [68]
Lamonta 1890 1934 Jefferson A Originally named Desert. [115]
Latourell 1876 Multnomah D [116]
Leland 1888 1943 Josephine D
Lime 1899 Baker B Site of former lime cement plant. [117]
Linn City 1843 1861 Clackamas A Linn City was a community that existed from 1843 to 1861 and was destroyed in the Great Flood of 1862. The former site of Linn City was incorporated into the city of West Linn. [118]
Locust Grove 1895 1914 Sherman B [119]
Longcoy 1890s 1900s Lincoln A Longcoy only existed for about ten years. Taft on the north side of Schooner Creek and Siletz Bay were better settlement locations so residents moved. [120]
Lonerock 1881 Gilliam D [121]
Luper 1850 Lane C [122]
McCoy 1879 Polk D [3]
McDonald 1904 1922 Sherman A Site of a former river crossing, only modern ranch buildings remain [68]
McEwen 1891 Baker D [123]
Mabel 1878 Lane C [124][125]
Malheur City 1863 1911 (c.) Malheur B All wooden structures destroyed in 1957 brushfire, leaving only stone remnants. [126]
Marysville 1849 1853 Benton F Eventually became Corvallis on December 20, 1853 [127]
Mayville 1884 Gilliam D [128][129]
Maxville 1923 1933 Wallowa A No buildings remain. [130]
Medical Springs 1868 Union D As of 2014, three buildings remained. [131]
Miller 1860 (c.) Sherman A [68][132]
Millican 1913 Deschutes D [111]
Mitchell 1873 Wheeler E [133]
Narrows 1889 Harney B [134]
Nelson 1880s Baker A Location of lime cement plant between 1979 and 1980. [135]
New Era 1876 Clackamas D Also location of the New Era Spiritual Camp. [136]
New Pokegama 1903 1909 Klamath A Previously a freight & stage terminal, site located south off Green Springs Hwy. [137]
No Fog June 7, 1915 Feb 28, 1918 Douglas B Also referred to as Nofog. [138]
Nolin 1860s Umatilla D Originally named Happy Canyon. [139]
Nonpareil 1882 Douglas D [140]
Old Pokegama 1897 1903 Klamath A The Sugar Pine Logging Company operated here. Nothing remains of the logging camp and all the railroad tracks were removed in the 1910s. [141]
Orleans 1850 1862 Linn A Significantly damaged in the Great Flood of 1862. [142]
Ordnance 1943 Umatilla B [143]
Orodell 1867 1878 Union A [144]
Ortley 1911 1922 Wasco A [145]
Paisley 1873 Lake E [146]
Palestine 1891 1903 Multnomah F Eventually subsumed by Portland. [138]
Persist 1902 Jackson B [147]
Pinehurst 1878 Jackson D Public school still operating as of 2017. [148][149]
Pittsburg 1879 Columbia D [150]
Placer 1885 Josephine D [151]
Pocahontas 1862 Baker A [152]
Pondosa 1927 Union D [153]
Rajneeshpuram 1981 1988 Wasco B The Oregon Supreme Court closed its litigation in 1987, leaving Rajneeshpuram vacant, bankrupt, but legal within Oregon law. [154]
Richmond 1899 Wheeler B [155]
Riverview Umatilla A
Robinette 1898 1958 Baker A Inundated by Brownlee Reservoir in 1958. [156]
Robinsonville 1878 1880s Grant A [157]
Rock Point 1852 Jackson C Original tavern (est. 1864) restored by Del Rio Vineyards in 2001. [158][159]
Rowland 1886 1905 Linn D [160]
Saint Joseph 1872 Yamhill D [161]
Sanger 1871 Baker B Originally named Augusta; renamed Sanger in 1887. [162]
Scottsburg 1850 Douglas D Population significantly declined after Great Flood of 1862. [163]
Shaniko 1901 1911 Wasco D [164]
Shelburn 1850 (c.) Linn D [165]
Sherar's Bridge 1860 Sherman A [166]
Shevlin 1930s 1950s Deschutes Klamath B
Silver Falls City 1888 1930s Marion A-F It was home to approximately 200 people at its height. While none of the structures remain, a trace of this settlement can be seen at the Orchard Picnic Shelter, where the apple and pear trees date back to the Volz family homestead. [167]
Skipanon 1845 1903 (c.) Clatsop A-F First known as Lexington, eventually known as Skipanon. Nothing remains because the settlement was eventually subsumed by Warrenton. [168]
Sodhouse 1872 (c.) 1878 Harney B Sodhouse was a short lived community near the present-day headquarters of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge [169]
Southport 1875 (c.) 1890s Coos A [170]
Snooseville Washington A About 8 miles north of Mountaindale, a sawmill used to stand in the town. [citation needed]
Sparta 1872 Baker B [171]
Spicer 1886 1904 Linn D Previously known as Lengs.
Stauffer 1910 1950s Lake A Residents originally wanted to name the post office Lost Creek. However, the United States postal system already had a post office with that name, so it was named after Charles Stauffer, who was the community's first postmaster. [85]
Sterlingville 1854 1957 Jackson A [172][173]
Sumpter 1889 Baker E [174]
Susanville 1864 Grant B [175]
Tallman 1886 1923 Linn D
Thatcher 1895 Washington D [176]
Thomas 1898 1920 Linn D The town took its name from the nearby Thomas Creek
Thornberry 1916 1923 Sherman A [68][177]
Three Lynx 1920s 2020s Clakamas B On September 8, 2020, the Riverside Fire tore through the area, destroying all but five of the Three Lynx houses. The remaining buildings were removed in 2022, and the land returned to a more natural state. [178][179]
Tiller 1902 Douglas C Sold in 2018 to be converted into a resort. [180]
Valsetz 1919 1984 Polk A [181]
Vanport 1942 May 30, 1948 Multnomah A Vanport was destroyed on May 30, 1948 due to the Columbia River Flood. The city was underwater by nightfall, leaving around 18,000 of its inhabitants homeless. [182]
Waldo 1852 1928 Josephine A [183]
Weatherby 1879 1920 Baker B-F In 1884, the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company established a Weatherby station on its line to Huntington. [85]
Wendling 1899 1922 Lane A [184][185]
Westfall 1870 Malheur B Originally named Bully. [186][187]
West Lake City 1905 1918 Klamath B Eliminated by irrigation and drainage projects, what was once White Lake is bisected by California State Route 161, connecting U.S. Highways 139 and 97. [188][189]
Whitney 1900 Baker C Logging declined in the area in the 1940s, which caused the town and the railroad to fade. [190]
Yarnell 1901 Lane D
Yaquina 1887 1930s Lincoln A By the beginning of World War II, Toledo was the western terminus of the rail line, and the tracks from there to Yaquina were removed. Roughly 20 years later, the former seaport's population dropped to zero. [191][192]
Zena 1858 Polk C [193]
Zumwalt 1903 Wallowa B [194]

See also

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Notes and references

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Notes

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  1. ^ According to T. Lindsay Baker, a "ghost town" can refer to either an unpopulated town or a town that, though still populated (albeit in small numbers), has seen a significant decline in population since its establishment.[4]
  2. ^ American author Lambert Florin's preferred definition of a ghost town is simply "a shadowy semblance of a former self,"[5] while historian T. Lindsey Baker defines a ghost town as simply "a town for which the reason for being no longer exists." Based on the definitions, Sherman County has the most ghost towns with 14 while Klamath County has the fewest with zero.[4]

References

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  1. ^ Arndt, Steve (2015). Oregon Ghost Towns A to Z. Portland, Oregon: Stephen Arndt. ISBN 978-0-984-42949-3.
  2. ^ a b c McBee, Ben (June 23, 2017). "The Vanished Cities". 1859. Bend, Oregon. OCLC 489252235. Archived from the original on August 19, 2019. Retrieved August 19, 2019.
  3. ^ a b McOmie, Grant (September 5, 2015). "Grant's Getaways: Oregon's Ghost Towns". USA Today. ISSN 0734-7456. Archived from the original on August 19, 2019.
  4. ^ a b Baker 2003, p. 9.
  5. ^ Hall 2010, p. 7.
  6. ^ a b Thomsen 2012, pp. 24–25.
  7. ^ "Ghost Town Catagories" (PDF). Ghost Town USA.
  8. ^ McArthur & McArthur 1974, p. 6.
  9. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, p. 11.
  10. ^ a b Willey, Ross (1995–1996). "Ajax, Oregon". Family Search. Archived from the original on June 2, 2024. Retrieved June 2, 2024.
  11. ^ McArthur & McArthur 1974, pp. 6–7.
  12. ^ a b Walter, Greg (August 22, 2022). "Ghost Towns of the Illinois River Valley".
  13. ^ "Camp Alma". Veterans Legacy Oregon. October 4, 2022.
  14. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, p. 24.
  15. ^ McArthur & McArthur 1974, p. 18.
  16. ^ Varney, Drew & Drew 2005, pp. 109–112.
  17. ^ Miller 1977, p. 127.
  18. ^ Weis 2006, pp. 16, 18.
  19. ^ Florin 1971, pp. 688–690.
  20. ^ Miller 1977, p. 69.
  21. ^ Miller 2017, p. 15.
  22. ^ Friedman, Ralph (1978). Tracking Down Oregon (illustrated ed.). Caxton Press. ISBN 9780870042577.
  23. ^ "Explore Polk County" (PDF). Polk County Itemizer-Observer. May 22, 2009. p. 77C. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 20, 2009.
  24. ^ Smith, Gregg. "Community of Bates".
  25. ^ Wilson, Jason (April 28, 2015). "Bayocean: the American city that disappeared because man ignored nature". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on April 28, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2019.
  26. ^ Miller 1977, p. 72.
  27. ^ Florin 1992, p. 13.
  28. ^ "City, Community, and Road Name Origins". tillamookcounty.gov.
  29. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, pp. 88–89.
  30. ^ Metzler 1986, p. 61.
  31. ^ Romaine 2015, p. 150.
  32. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, pp. 101, 865.
  33. ^ Miller 1977, p. 73.
  34. ^ Varney, Drew & Drew 2005, pp. 100–101.
  35. ^ "BG278: Abandoned General Store at now gone Bradwood, Oregon – April 1981". Yesterdays Trails. June 18, 2023.
  36. ^ "Bradwood, Clatsop County, Oregon, USA". Mindat.
  37. ^ Webb, Patrick (April 10, 2018). "Aalberg highlights Bradwood, Wauna and Westport under the spotlight". Weekend.
  38. ^ Boddie, Ken (September 10, 2018). "Where We Live: The ghost town that is Bridal Veil". KOIN. Portland, Oregon. Archived from the original on August 19, 2019. Retrieved August 19, 2019.
  39. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, p. [page needed].
  40. ^ Mackay, William (June 18, 1911). "Althouse Creek in the Early Days". Medford Sun. pp. B4.
  41. ^ Corning 1947, p. 55.
  42. ^ Kullgren, Ian K. (December 4, 2014). "Historic facility that powered Portland's early streetcars to reopen to public". The Oregonian. Portland, Oregon. Archived from the original on August 19, 2019. Retrieved August 19, 2019.
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  44. ^ Friedman 1990, pp. 248–249.
  45. ^ Corning 1947, p. 67.
  46. ^ Florin 1971, pp. 701–703.
  47. ^ Florin 1992, pp. 19–21.
  48. ^ McArthur & McArthur 1991, p. 116.
  49. ^ McArthur & McArthur 1974, p. 137.
  50. ^ Peck, Jerry. "History of Castle Rock & Boardman, Oregon".
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  52. ^ "Crown-Z Trail History". colcomuseum.org. Columbia County Historical Society & Museum Association.
  53. ^ "Chapman". colcomuseum.org. Columbia County Historical Society & Museum Association.
  54. ^ Friedman 1990, p. 621.
  55. ^ Wray, Kylie (June 11, 2014). "Historic Cherryville Cemetery receives a stone marker". Portland Tribune. Portland, Oregon. Archived from the original on December 12, 2018.
  56. ^ Friedman 1990, p. 196.
  57. ^ Dielman, Gary (May 18, 2023). "Baker City Chinatown". Oregon Encyclopedia.
  58. ^ Clarksville, Or., general store account book.
  59. ^ "The History of Seaside, Oregon". clatsop.com. Archived from the original on October 27, 1997.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  60. ^ Friedman 1990, pp. 123–124.
  61. ^ "Our History". detroitoregon.us. February 12, 2021.
  62. ^ Miller, Bill (December 14, 2008). "The underwater ghost town". Mail Tribune. Medford, Oregon. Retrieved May 4, 2018.
  63. ^ McArthur & McArthur 1974, p. 176.
  64. ^ Perry, Douglas (October 31, 2016). "Rich, even murderous, history can still be found in Oregon's ghost towns: Halloween history photos". The Oregonian. Portland, Oregon. Archived from the original on August 19, 2019. Retrieved August 19, 2019.
  65. ^ Florin 1992, p. 36.
  66. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, p. 267.
  67. ^ a b Miller 1977, p. 116.
  68. ^ a b c d e f "Ghost Towns of the Old West". Sherman County, Oregon. Archived from the original on August 19, 2019.
  69. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, pp. 291–292.
  70. ^ McKillip, Lloyd. "Dolph, Oregon". South Tillamook County. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011.
  71. ^ Varney 2013, pp. 138–9.
  72. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, p. 323.
  73. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, p. 327.
  74. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, p. 333.
  75. ^ McArthur & McArthur 1974, p. 261.
  76. ^ Rautenstrauch, Rick (January 28, 2015). "Eureka Bar's faded summer dream". Wallowa County Chieftain. Enterprise, Oregon. Archived from the original on August 20, 2019.
  77. ^ Varney 2013, p. 116.
  78. ^ Varney 2013, p. 120.
  79. ^ Sullivan, William (June 30, 2009). "Secret sea cave". The Register-Guard. Eugene, Oregon. Archived from the original on August 20, 2019. Retrieved August 20, 2019.
  80. ^ Hatton, Raymond (1981). High Desert of Central Oregon. Binford and Mort. p. 110.
  81. ^ Varney 2013, pp. 138–42.
  82. ^ Weis 2006, pp. 16–17.
  83. ^ "Geiser, Oregon". Western Mining History.
  84. ^ Hatton, Chitwood & Garrett 1996, p. 263.
  85. ^ a b c McArthur, Lewis A. (1928). Oregon Geographic Names (7th ed.). Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society Press. pp. 341, 1018. ISBN 978-0875952772.
  86. ^ Varney, Drew & Drew 2005, pp. 149–150.
  87. ^ Swanson, Guy (Fall 2017). "A History of Grandview, Oregon" (PDF). The Agate. 8: 23 – via dirtyfreehub.org.
  88. ^ Varney, Drew & Drew 2005, p. 132.
  89. ^ Weis 2006, pp. 9–11.
  90. ^ "Grant – Sherman County, Oregon History". Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  91. ^ Weis 2006, pp. 63–64.
  92. ^ Miller 1977, p. 91.
  93. ^ Friedman 1990, pp. 154, 293.
  94. ^ Varney 2013, p. 169.
  95. ^ Deur, Douglas. "Hobsonville Indian Community". Oregon Encyclopedia.
  96. ^ Weis 2006, pp. 39–40.
  97. ^ Miller 2017, p. 8.
  98. ^ "Izee". Grant County Chamber of Commerce. Archived from the original on August 20, 2019.
  99. ^ "Jawbone Flats History". Opal Creek Ancient Forest Center. United States Forest Service. Archived from the original on August 18, 2019.
  100. ^ "Government Field Notes". Government Field Notes. 1 (Benton County).
  101. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, pp. 511–512.
  102. ^ "Keasey Falls". Wild Columbia County. January 7, 2022.
  103. ^ Varney 2013, pp. 152–5.
  104. ^ Varney 2013, p. 206.
  105. ^ Dougherty, Phil (November 29, 2008). "Kerry, Albert Sperry (1866-1939)". History Link.
  106. ^ McArthur & McArthur 1974, pp. 406–407.
  107. ^ Florin 1971, pp. 736–738.
  108. ^ "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Kings Valley CDP, Oregon". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved February 24, 2014.
  109. ^ McNeal, W. "Kingsley".
  110. ^ Friedman 1990, p. 386.
  111. ^ a b "Remnants of another time". The Bulletin. Bend, Oregon. June 9, 2013. Retrieved September 1, 2017.
  112. ^ Demsher, Lynda. "Ghost Town Kirk, Once Served as Rail Crossroad". Jefferson Public Radio.
  113. ^ "Simnasho, Kishwalks, Choolie Flat, Mutton Mtn". Historic Map Works. 1933.
  114. ^ Aguilar, George (February 13, 1997). "Recollection Reveals Past". Spilyay Tymoo. p. 12.
  115. ^ Austin, Lon (January 30, 2011). "Homesteading on the Grasslands". Central Oregonian. Prineville, Oregon. Archived from the original on August 18, 2019.
  116. ^ "Latourell, Oregon". Columbia River Images. Archived from the original on March 14, 2020.
  117. ^ McArthur & McArthur 1991, p. 508.
  118. ^ Thomas, Mike (August 18, 2024). "Linn City, Oregon: A Victim of Nature's Wrath". blm.gov. Archived from the original on October 17, 2006.
  119. ^ Friedman 1990, pp. 608–609.
  120. ^ Wyatt, Steve M. (2001). "Taft: The Transformation of a Waterfront Community to a Resort Town" (PDF). Historic Context Statement & Cultural Resource Inventory: 15 – via lincolncityor.govoffice3.com.
  121. ^ Varney, Drew & Drew 2005, pp. 113–116.
  122. ^ Harris, Sandy. "Take A Walk With Me Into The Past". Eugene Daily News. Eugene, Oregon. Archived from the original on August 19, 2019. Retrieved August 19, 2019.
  123. ^ McArthur & McArthur 1974, p. 477.
  124. ^ McArthur & McArthur 2003, p. 600.
  125. ^ Florin 1971, pp. 742–743.
  126. ^ Florin 1971, pp. 744–746.
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Sources

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