List of American and Canadian soccer champions

Despite each receiving FIFA-affiliated status in 1913, both the United States and Canada have lacked a consistent, multi-division soccer system until recently. Consequently, the determination of champions has been problematic at times. The United States did not have a truly national top flight league until the FIFA-sanctioned United Soccer Association and the "outlaw" National Professional Soccer League, which had a network television contract, merged in November 1967 to form the North American Soccer League (NASL). The NASL considered the two pre-merge forerunner leagues as part of its history.

Before 1967, there were several regional and city leagues of various levels of quality. For example, the first and second incarnations of the American Soccer League constituted the premier level of professional soccer in the Northeastern United States, but they and teams from the St. Louis Soccer League would regularly defeat the best the other had to offer. These are only two of the most notable leagues of the regional era, as there were professional and amateur competitions in Chicago, California, the greater Western United States, Ontario, and Western Canada, among several other regions.

While the creation of the NASL in 1968 brought bonafide top-flight competition to the U.S. and Canada, its collapse in 1984 saw a temporary return to the fragmented regional structure. The merger of the Western Soccer League and third iteration of the American Soccer League created a national second division in the U.S. known as the American Professional Soccer League (APSL) in 1990. The APSL later absorbed the Canadian Soccer League, which at the time was an attempt at a wholly first division within Canada.

It was not until the establishment of Major League Soccer (MLS) in 1996 as part of FIFA's agreement to award the United States the 1994 World Cup that there was again a truly national, sanctioned first division in either country. Top Canadian teams resided at the second division until MLS expanded to Canada in 2007.

Given the tumultuous history of professional soccer in the United States and Canada, there is a broad history of champions of various kinds in both countries, both in leagues that comprised both nations and cups that were held in only one. This article takes into account all these competitions to compile an accurate listing of American and Canadian soccer champions with an eye towards maintaining continuity.

Background

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For teams in the United States and Canada, there are three major domestic trophies.[1][2]

The primary focus is the league championship, a postseason knockout tournament held between the best teams from the regular season. This is presently determined via the MLS Cup. American and Canadian sports leagues typically have such playoff systems. These have their roots in long travel distances common in U.S. and Canadian sports; to cut down on travel, leagues are typically aligned in geographic divisions and feature unbalanced schedules with teams playing more matches against opponents in the same division. Due to the unbalanced schedule typical in U.S. and Canadian leagues, not all teams face the same opponents, and some teams may not meet an even number of times during a regular season, if at all. This results in teams with identical records that have faced different opponents differing numbers of times, making team records alone an imperfect measure of league supremacy. The playoffs allow for head-to-head elimination-style competition between teams to counterbalance this.

Secondary is the recognition of the best regular season record (an accomplishment known as the league premiership in Australia and New Zealand, countries with similar league structure to the U.S. and Canada).[1] The MLS team with the highest point total during the regular season is awarded the Supporters' Shield.

Thirdly, there are the two countries' respective domestic cup competitions: the U.S. Open Cup and the Canadian Championship. These tournaments are unique to soccer among professional sports in the U.S. and Canada, as no other major team sport conducts competition outside of regular league play.

Additionally, American and Canadian clubs participate in the CONCACAF Champions Cup, a continental club competition in which the United States is allocated four qualification spots and Canada one. For American clubs, the winners of the MLS Cup, Supporters' Shield, and U.S. Open Cup all qualify, along with the regular season conference champion that does not win the Shield. The lone Canadian berth is determined by the Canadian Championship. Finally, there is the world championship as determined by the FIFA Club World Cup, a berth to which is earned by winning the Champions Cup.

American and Canadian soccer clubs exist in a franchise system, rather than a promotion and relegation system. As a result, teams do not systematically move between levels each season. This is standard among American and Canadian major and minor sports leagues and is part of the franchise rights granted by the leagues. Recently, a trend has developed where a club from the lower divisions may be "promoted" via an expansion franchise awarded by Major League Soccer.

The results in this article come from the United States Soccer Federation,[3] the Canadian Soccer Association,[4] the Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation,[5] and the American Soccer History Archives.[6]

Major titles

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American competitions

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At various times, Canadian clubs have competed in the top-tier of American soccer, either in place of or alongside a Canadian top-tier league. Currently, three Canadian clubs compete in Major League Soccer.

United Soccer Association (1967)

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Year Champions Runners-up Regular season Runners-up Leading goalscorer(s) Goals
1967 Los Angeles Wolves Washington Whips Washington Whips Los Angeles Wolves   Roberto Boninsegna (Chicago Mustangs) 10

National Professional Soccer League (1967)

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Year Champions Runners-up Regular season Runners-up Leading goalscorer(s) Goals
1967 Oakland Clippers Baltimore Bays Oakland Clippers Baltimore Bays   Yanko Daucik (Toronto Falcons) 20
  • Oakland also won the NPSL Commissioner's Cup nine days after winning the NPSL Finals.[7]

North American Soccer League (1968–1984)

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Year Champions (tot) Runners-up Reg Season (tot) Runners-up Leading goalscorer(s) Goals
1968 Atlanta Chiefs San Diego Toros San Diego Toros Oakland Clippers   John Kowalik (Chicago Mustangs) 30
1969 N/A4 N/A4 Kansas City Spurs Atlanta Chiefs   Kaizer Motaung (Atlanta Chiefs) 16
1970 Rochester Lancers Washington Darts Washington Darts Atlanta Chiefs   Kirk Apostolidis (Dallas Tornado) 16
1971 Dallas Tornado Atlanta Chiefs Rochester Lancers Atlanta Chiefs   Carlos Metidieri (Rochester Lancers) 19
1972 New York Cosmos St. Louis Stars New York Cosmos St. Louis Stars   Randy Horton (New York Cosmos) 9[8]
1973 Philadelphia Atoms Dallas Tornado Dallas Tornado Philadelphia Atoms   Warren Archibald (Miami Toros)
  Ilija Mitic (Dallas Tornado)
12
1974 Los Angeles Aztecs Miami Toros Los Angeles Aztecs Miami Toros   Paul Child (San Jose Earthquakes) 15
1975 Tampa Bay Rowdies Portland Timbers Portland Timbers Tampa Bay Rowdies   Steve David (Miami Toros) 23
1976 Toronto Metros-Croatia Minnesota Kicks Tampa Bay Rowdies New York Cosmos   Derek Smethurst (Tampa Bay Rowdies) 20
1977 Cosmos (2)# Seattle Sounders Ft. Lauderdale Strikers Dallas Tornado   Steve David (Los Angeles Aztecs) 26
1978 Cosmos (3)# Tampa Bay Rowdies Cosmos (2) Vancouver Whitecaps   Giorgio Chinaglia (Cosmos) 34
1979 Vancouver Whitecaps Tampa Bay Rowdies New York Cosmos (3) Houston Hurricane   Giorgio Chinaglia (New York Cosmos) 26
1980 New York Cosmos (4) Ft. Lauderdale Strikers New York Cosmos (4) Seattle Sounders   Giorgio Chinaglia (New York Cosmos) 32
1981 Chicago Sting New York Cosmos New York Cosmos (5) Chicago Sting   Giorgio Chinaglia (New York Cosmos) 29
1982 New York Cosmos (5) Seattle Sounders New York Cosmos (6) Seattle Sounders   Ricardo Alonso (Jacksonville Tea Men) 21
1983 Tulsa Roughnecks Toronto Blizzard New York Cosmos (7) Vancouver Whitecaps   Roberto Cabanas (New York Cosmos) 25
1984 Chicago Sting (2) Toronto Blizzard Chicago Sting San Diego Sockers   Steve Zungul (Golden Bay Earthquakes) 20
  • ^Note 4 – The 1969 season featured no playoffs; the league title was awarded to the team with the most points in the season.
  • # The New York Cosmos dropped "New York" from name for the 1977 and 1978 seasons, then returned to the full name in 1979 season.

Major League Soccer (1996–present)

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Year MLS Cup (Total) Runners-up Supporters' Shield (Total) Runners-up Leading goalscorer(s) (club(s)) Goals
1996 D.C. United Los Angeles Galaxy Tampa Bay Mutiny Los Angeles Galaxy   Roy Lassiter (Tampa Bay Mutiny) 27
1997 D.C. United (2) Colorado Rapids D.C. United Kansas City Wizards   Jaime Moreno (D.C. United) 16
1998 Chicago Fire D.C. United Los Angeles Galaxy D.C. United   Stern John (Columbus Crew) 26
1999 D.C. United (3) Los Angeles Galaxy D.C. United (2) Los Angeles Galaxy   Jason Kreis (Dallas Burn)
  Roy Lassiter (D.C. United)
  Stern John (Columbus Crew)
18
2000 Kansas City Wizards Chicago Fire Kansas City Wizards Chicago Fire   Mamadou Diallo (Tampa Bay Mutiny) 26
2001 San Jose Earthquakes Los Angeles Galaxy Miami Fusion Chicago Fire   Alex Pineda Chacon (Miami Fusion) 19
2002 Los Angeles Galaxy New England Revolution Los Angeles Galaxy (2) San Jose Earthquakes   Carlos Ruiz (Los Angeles Galaxy) 24
2003 San Jose Earthquakes (2) Chicago Fire Chicago Fire San Jose Earthquakes   Carlos Ruiz (Los Angeles Galaxy)
  Taylor Twellman (New England Revolution)
15
2004 D.C. United (4) Kansas City Wizards Columbus Crew Kansas City Wizards   Brian Ching (San Jose Earthquakes)
  Eddie Johnson (Dallas Burn)
12
2005 Los Angeles Galaxy (2) New England Revolution San Jose Earthquakes New England Revolution   Taylor Twellman (New England Revolution) 17
2006 Houston Dynamo New England Revolution D.C. United (3) FC Dallas   Jeff Cunningham (Real Salt Lake) 16
2007 Houston Dynamo (2) New England Revolution D.C. United (4) Chivas USA   Luciano Emilio (D.C. United) 20
2008 Columbus Crew New York Red Bulls Columbus Crew (2) Houston Dynamo   Landon Donovan (Los Angeles Galaxy) 20
2009 Real Salt Lake Los Angeles Galaxy Columbus Crew (3) Los Angeles Galaxy   Jeff Cunningham (FC Dallas) 17
2010 Colorado Rapids FC Dallas Los Angeles Galaxy (3) Real Salt Lake   Chris Wondolowski (San Jose Earthquakes) 18
2011 Los Angeles Galaxy (3) Houston Dynamo Los Angeles Galaxy (4) Seattle Sounders FC   Dwayne De Rosario (D.C. United)
  Chris Wondolowski (San Jose Earthquakes)
16
2012 Los Angeles Galaxy (4) Houston Dynamo San Jose Earthquakes (2) Sporting Kansas City   Chris Wondolowski (San Jose Earthquakes) 27
2013 Sporting Kansas City (2) Real Salt Lake New York Red Bulls Sporting Kansas City   Camilo (Vancouver Whitecaps FC) 22
2014 Los Angeles Galaxy (5) New England Revolution Seattle Sounders FC Los Angeles Galaxy   Bradley Wright-Phillips (New York Red Bulls) 27
2015 Portland Timbers Columbus Crew SC New York Red Bulls (2) FC Dallas   Sebastian Giovinco (Toronto FC)
  Kei Kamara (Columbus Crew SC)
22
2016 Seattle Sounders FC Toronto FC FC Dallas Colorado Rapids   Bradley Wright-Phillips (New York Red Bulls) 24
2017 Toronto FC Seattle Sounders FC Toronto FC New York City FC   Nemanja Nikolić (Chicago Fire) 24
2018 Atlanta United FC Portland Timbers New York Red Bulls (3) Atlanta United FC   Josef Martínez (Atlanta United FC) 31
2019 Seattle Sounders FC (2) Toronto FC Los Angeles FC New York City FC   Carlos Vela (Los Angeles FC) 34
2020 Columbus Crew SC (2) Seattle Sounders FC Philadelphia Union Toronto FC   Diego Rossi (Los Angeles FC) 14
2021 New York City FC Portland Timbers New England Revolution Colorado Rapids   Valentín Castellanos (New York City FC) 19
2022 Los Angeles FC Philadelphia Union Los Angeles FC (2) Philadelphia Union   Hany Mukhtar (Nashville SC) 23
2023 Columbus Crew (3) Los Angeles FC FC Cincinnati Orlando City SC   Denis Bouanga (Los Angeles FC) 20
2024 Inter Miami CF Columbus Crew   Christian Benteke (D.C. United) 23

U.S. Open Cup (1914–present)

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Historical era
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Year Champions (tot) Score Runners–up Venue Location Attendance
1914 Brooklyn Field Club 2–1 Brooklyn Celtic Coates Field Pawtucket, Rhode Island 10,000
1915 Bethlehem Steel F.C. 3–1 Brooklyn Celtic Taylor Field Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 7,500
1916 Bethlehem Steel F.C. (2) 1–0 Fall River Rovers Coates Field Pawtucket, Rhode Island 10,000
1917 Fall River Rovers 1–0 Bethlehem Steel F.C. Coates Field Pawtucket, Rhode Island 7,000
1918 Bethlehem Steel F.C. (3) 2–2 (a.e.t.)
3–0
Fall River Rovers Coates Field
Federal League Grounds
Pawtucket, Rhode Island
Harrison, New Jersey
13,000
10,000
1919 Bethlehem Steel F.C. (4) 2–0 Paterson F.C. Athletic Field Fall River, Massachusetts 9,000
1920 Ben Millers 2–1 Fore River Handlan's Park St. Louis, Missouri 12,000
1921 Brooklyn Robins Dry Dock 4–2 St. Louis Scullin Steel F.C. Athletic Field Fall River, Massachusetts 6,000
1922 St. Louis Scullin Steel F.C. 3–2 Todd Shipyard High School Field St. Louis, Missouri 8,568
1923 Paterson F.C. 2–2 (a.e.t.)5 St. Louis Scullin Steel F.C. Federal League Grounds Harrison, New Jersey 15,000
1924 Fall River F.C. 4–2 St. Louis Vesper Buick High School Field St. Louis, Missouri 14,000
1925 Shawsheen Indians 3–0 Chicago Canadian Club Mark's Stadium North Tiverton, Rhode Island 2,500
1926 Bethlehem Steel F.C. (5) 7–2 Ben Millers Ebbets Field Brooklyn, New York 18,000
1927 Fall River F.C. (2) 7–0 Holley Carburetor F.C. University of Detroit Stadium Detroit 10,000
1928 New York Nationals 1–1 (a.e.t.)
3–0
Chicago Bricklayers Polo Grounds
Soldier Field
New York City
Chicago
16,000
15,000
1929 New York Hakoah 2–0
3–0
St. Louis Madison Kennel Sportsman's Park
Dexter Park
St. Louis, Missouri
Woodhaven, New York
15,000
21,583
1930 Fall River F.C. (3) 7–2
2–1
Cleveland Bruell Insurance Polo Grounds
Luna Park
New York City
Cleveland
10,000
3,500
1931 Fall River F.C. (4)6 6–2
1–1
2–0
Chicago Bricklayers Polo Grounds
Mills Stadium
Sparta Field
New York City
Chicago
Chicago
12,000
8,000
4,500
1932 New Bedford Whalers 3–3
5–2
Stix, Baer and Fuller F.C. Sportsman's Park
Sportsman's Park
St. Louis, Missouri
St. Louis, Missouri
7,181
7,371
1933 Stix, Baer and Fuller F.C. 1–0
2–1
New York Americans Sportsman's Park
Starlight Park
St. Louis, Missouri
Bronx, New York
15,200
4,200
1934 Stix, Baer and Fuller F.C. (2) 4–2 (a.e.t.)
2–3
5–0
Pawtucket Rangers Walsh Memorial Stadium
Coates Field
Walsh Memorial Stadium
St. Louis, Missouri
Pawtucket, Rhode Island
St. Louis, Missouri
7,122
4,500
7,657
1935 St. Louis Central Breweries (3)7 5–2
1–1 (a.e.t.)
1–3
Pawtucket Rangers Walsh Memorial Stadium
Coates Field
Newark School Stadium
St. Louis Missouri
Pawtucket, Rhode Island
Newark, New Jersey
4,500
4,000
3,000
1936 Philadelphia German-Americans 2–2
3–0
St. Louis Shamrocks Walsh Memorial Stadium
Rifle Club Grounds
St Louis, Missouri
Philadelphia
3,400
8,000
1937 New York Americans 0–1
4–2
St. Louis Shamrocks Public Schools Stadium
Starlight Park
St. Louis, Missouri
Bronx, New York
5,083
6,000
1938 Chicago Sparta 3–0
3–2
Brooklyn St. Mary's Celtic Sparta Stadium
Starlight Park
Chicago
Bronx, New York
4,000
10,000
1939 Brooklyn St. Mary's Celtic 1–0
4–1
Chicago Manhattan Beer Sparta Stadium
Starlight Park
Chicago
Bronx, New York
5,000
8,000
1940 Baltimore S.C. & Chicago Sparta (2) 0–0
2–2 (a.e.t.)
co-champions8 Bugle Field
Sparta Stadium
Baltimore
Chicago
N/A
1941 Pawtucket F.C. 4–2
4–3 (a.e.t.)
Detroit Chrysler N/A Pawtucket, Rhode Island
Detroit
N/A
1942 Pittsburgh Gallatin 2–1
4–2
Pawtucket F.C. Legion Field
Coates Field
Donora, Pennsylvania
Pawtucket, Rhode Island
N/A
1943 Brooklyn Hispano 2–2 (a.e.t.)
3–2
Morgan Strasser Starlight Park
Starlight Park
Bronx, New York
Bronx, New York
N/A
1944 Brooklyn Hispano (2) 4–0 Morgan Strasser Polo Grounds New York City N/A
1945 Brookhattan 4–1
2–1
Cleveland Americans Starlight Park
Shaw Field
Bronx, New York
Cleveland, Ohio
N/A
1946 Chicago Viking A.A. 1–1
2–1
Ponta Delgada S.C. Mark's Stadium
Comiskey Park
North Tiverton, Rhode Island
Chicago
N/A
1947 Ponta Delgada S.C. 6–1
3–2
Chicago Sparta N/A
Sparta Stadium
Fall River, Massachusetts
Chicago
N/A
1948 St. Louis Simpkins-Ford 3–2 Brookhattan-Galicia Sportsman's Park St. Louis, Missouri 2,226
1949 Morgan Strasser 0–1
4–2
Philadelphia Nationals Holmes Stadium
Bridgeville Park
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
N/A
1,000
1950 St. Louis Simpkins-Ford (2) 2–0
1–1
Ponta Delgada S.C. N/A St. Louis, Missouri
Tiverton, Rhode Island
N/A
1951 New York German-Hungarians 2–4
6–2 (a.e.t.)
Heidelberg S.C. N/A
Metropolitan Oval
Pittsburgh
Queens, New York
N/A
1952 Harmarville Hurricanes 3–4
4–1 (a.e.t.)
Philadelphia Nationals N/A Philadelphia
Harmarville, Pennsylvania
N/A
1953 Chicago Falcons 2–0
1–0
Harmarville Hurricanes Sparta Stadium
N/A
Chicago
Harmarville, Pennsylvania
N/A
1954 New York Americans (2) 1–1
2–0
St. Louis Kutis S.C. N/A
Triborough Stadium
St. Louis, Missouri
Randall's Island, New York
N/A
1955 S.C. Eintracht 2–0 Los Angeles Danes Rancho La Cienega Stadium Los Angeles N/A
1956 Harmarville Hurricanes (2) 0–1
3–1 (a.e.t.)
Chicago Schwaben N/A Chicago
Harmarville, Pennsylvania
N/A
1957 St. Louis Kutis S.C. 3–0
3–1
New York Hakoah N/A
Zerega Oval
St. Louis, Missouri
Bronx, New York
N/A
1958 Los Angeles Kickers 2–1 (a.e.t.) Baltimore Pompei N/A Baltimore, Maryland N/A
1959 McIlvaine Canvasbacks 4–3 Fall River S.C. Rancho La Cienega Stadium Los Angeles N/A
1960 Philadelphia Ukrainian Nationals 5–3 (a.e.t.) Los Angeles Kickers Edison Field Philadelphia N/A
1961 Philadelphia Ukrainian Nationals (2) 2–2
5–2
Los Angeles Scots Rancho La Cienega Stadium
N/A
Los Angeles
Philadelphia
N/A
1962 New York Hungaria 3–2 San Francisco Scots Eintracht Oval New York City N/A
1963 Philadelphia Ukrainian Nationals (3) 1–0 (a.e.t.) Los Angeles Armenians N/A Philadelphia N/A
1964 Los Angeles Kickers (2) 2–2 (a.e.t.)
2–0
Philadelphia Ukrainian Nationals Cambria Field
Wrigley Field
Philadelphia
Los Angeles
N/A
1965 New York Ukrainians 1–1
4–1 (a.e.t.)
Chicago Hansa Ukrainians Field
Hanson Stadium
New York City
Chicago
N/A
1966 Philadelphia Ukrainian Nationals (4) 1–0
3–0
Orange County SC Rancho La Cienega Stadium
N/A
Los Angeles
Philadelphia
N/A
1967 Greek American AA 4–2 Orange County SC Eintracht Oval New York City 2,500
1968 Greek American AA (2) 1–1
1–0
Chicago Olympic Hanson Stadium
Eintracht Oval
Chicago
New York City
N/A
1969 Greek American AA (3) 1–0 Montabello Armenians N/A N/A N/A
1970 Elizabeth S.C. 2–1 Los Angeles Croatia N/A N/A N/A
1971 New York Hota 6–4 (a.e.t.) San Pedro Yugoslavs N/A N/A N/A
1972 Elizabeth S.C. (2) 1–0 San Pedro Yugoslavs N/A N/A N/A
1973 Maccabi Los Angeles 5–3 (a.e.t.) Cleveland Inter Rancho La Cienega Stadium Los Angeles N/A
1974 Greek American AA (4) 2–0 Chicago Croatian N/A N/A N/A
1975 Maccabi Los Angeles (2) 1–0 New York Inter-Giuliana N/A N/A N/A
1976 San Francisco A.C. 1–0 New York Inter-Giuliana N/A N/A N/A
1977 Maccabi Los Angeles (3) 5–1 Philadelphia United German-Hungarians N/A N/A N/A
1978 Maccabi Los Angeles (4) 2–0 Bridgeport Vasco da Gama N/A N/A N/A
1979 Brooklyn Dodgers S.C. 2–1 Chicago Croatian N/A N/A N/A
1980 New York Pancyprian-Freedoms 3–2 Maccabi Los Angeles N/A N/A N/A
1981 Maccabi Los Angeles (5) 5–1 Brooklyn Dodgers S.C. N/A N/A N/A
1982 New York Pancyprian-Freedoms (2) 4–3 (a.e.t.) Maccabi Los Angeles N/A N/A N/A
1983 New York Pancyprian-Freedoms (3) 4–3 St. Louis Kutis S.C. N/A N/A N/A
1984 New York AO Krete 4–2 San Pedro Yugoslavs N/A N/A N/A
1985 San Francisco Greek American 2–1 St. Louis Kutis S.C. N/A N/A N/A
1986 St. Louis Kutis S.C. (2) 1–0 San Pedro Yugoslavs N/A N/A N/A
1987 Club España 0–0
(3–2 p)
Seattle Mitre Eagles N/A N/A N/A
1988 St. Louis Busch S.C. 2–1 (a.e.t.) San Francisco Greek American St. Louis Soccer Park Fenton, Missouri N/A
1989 St. Petersburg Kickers 2–1 (a.e.t.) Greek American AA St. Louis Soccer Park Fenton, Missouri N/A
1990 A.A.C. Eagles 2–1 Brooklyn Italians Kuntz Stadium Indianapolis 3,116
1991 Brooklyn Italians (2)9 1–0 Richardson Rockets Brooklyn College Brooklyn, New York N/A
1992 San Jose Oaks 2–1 Bridgeport Vasco da Gama Kuntz Stadium Indianapolis 2,500
1993 San Francisco CD Mexico 5–0 Philadelphia United German-Hungarians Kuntz Stadium Indianapolis N/A
1994 San Francisco Greek American (2) 3–0 Milwaukee Bavarians German-Hungarian Field Oakford, Pennsylvania 400
Modern era
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Year Champions (tot) Score Runners–up Venue Location Attendance
1995 Richmond Kickers 1–1
(4–2 p)
El Paso Patriots Socorro Sportsplex El Paso, Texas 7,378
1996 D.C. United 3–0 Rochester Rhinos RFK Stadium Washington, D.C. 7,234
1997 Dallas Burn 0–0 (a.e.t.)
(5–3 p)
D.C. United Carroll Stadium at IUPUI Indianapolis 9,766
1998 Chicago Fire 2–1 (a.e.t.) Columbus Crew Soldier Field Chicago 18,615
1999 Rochester Rhinos 2–0 Colorado Rapids Crew Stadium Columbus, Ohio 4,555
2000 Chicago Fire (2) 2–1 Miami Fusion Soldier Field Chicago 19,146
2001 Los Angeles Galaxy 2–1 (a.e.t.) New England Revolution Titan Stadium Fullerton, California 4,195
2002 Columbus Crew 1–0 Los Angeles Galaxy Crew Stadium Columbus, Ohio 6,054
2003 Chicago Fire (3) 1–0 MetroStars Giants Stadium East Rutherford, New Jersey 5,183
2004 Kansas City Wizards 1–0 (a.e.t.) Chicago Fire Arrowhead Stadium Kansas City, Missouri 8,819
2005 Los Angeles Galaxy (2) 1–0 FC Dallas Home Depot Center Carson, California 10,000
2006 Chicago Fire (4) 3–1 Los Angeles Galaxy Toyota Park Bridgeview, Illinois 8,185
2007 New England Revolution 3–2 FC Dallas Pizza Hut Park Frisco, Texas 10,618
2008 D.C. United (2) 2–1 Charleston Battery RFK Stadium Washington, D.C. 8,212
2009 Seattle Sounders FC 2–1 D.C. United RFK Stadium Washington, D.C. 17,329
2010 Seattle Sounders FC (2) 2–1 Columbus Crew Qwest Field Seattle 31,311
2011 Seattle Sounders FC (3) 2–0 Chicago Fire CenturyLink Field Seattle 35,615
2012 Sporting Kansas City (2) 1–1 (a.e.t.)
(3–2 p)
Seattle Sounders FC Livestrong Sporting Park Kansas City, Kansas 18,863
2013 D.C. United (3) 1–0 Real Salt Lake Rio Tinto Stadium Sandy, Utah 17,608
2014 Seattle Sounders FC (4) 3–1 (a.e.t.) Philadelphia Union PPL Park Chester, Pennsylvania 15,256
2015 Sporting Kansas City (3) 1–1 (a.e.t.)
(7–6 p)
Philadelphia Union PPL Park Chester, Pennsylvania 14,463
2016 FC Dallas (2) 4–2 New England Revolution Toyota Stadium Frisco, Texas 16,612
2017 Sporting Kansas City (4) 2–1 New York Red Bulls Children's Mercy Park Kansas City, Kansas 21,523
2018 Houston Dynamo 3–0 Philadelphia Union BBVA Compass Stadium Houston, Texas 16,060
2019 Atlanta United FC 2–1 Minnesota United FC Mercedes-Benz Stadium Atlanta, Georgia 35,709
2020 Canceled due to COVID-19 pandemic[9]
2021 Canceled due to COVID-19 pandemic[10]
2022 Orlando City SC 3–0 Sacramento Republic FC Exploria Stadium Orlando, Florida 25,527
2023 Houston Dynamo (2) 2–1 Inter Miami CF DRV PNK Stadium Fort Lauderdale, Florida 20,288
2024 Los Angeles FC 3–1 (a.e.t.) Sporting Kansas City BMO Stadium Los Angeles, California 22,214
  • ^Note 5 – Championship awarded to Paterson when Scullin were unable to field a team for the replay, due to injuries and players under baseball contracts beginning the baseball season
  • ^Note 6 – Before the Spring 1931 season, Fall River F.C. moved to New York City and merged with New York Soccer Club to become the New York Yankees. However, they began the 1931 tournament under the name Fall River, and as such were required to play as Fall River for the remainder of it, and won the Cup. Before the Fall 1931 season, the Yankees moved again, this time back north to New Bedford, Massachusetts. They merged with Fall River F.C. to become the New Bedford Whalers, and again won the Cup in 1932. The USSF officially credits "Fall River F.C." with four championships in total, and "New Bedford Whalers" with one.
  • ^Note 7St. Louis Soccer League team names were determined by the club's respective corporate sponsor. The team known as Hellrungs from 1929 to 1931 was also known as Stix, Baer and Fuller F.C. from 1931 to 1934, St. Louis Central Breweries F.C. from 1934 to 1935, and St. Louis Shamrocks from 1935 to 1938. As the change was only cosmetic and no relocations or mergers with clubs resulting in new rosters were made, the club's title history continues with the name changes.
  • ^Note 8 – Aggregate drawn 2–2, Championship shared when details for a third game could not be agreed upon.
  • ^Note 9Brooklyn Dodgers S.C. returned to their original name of Brooklyn Italians before the 1990s (the club states the change was in 1974, though later U.S. Open Cup tournaments have them registered under the Dodgers name).

Canadian competitions

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Canadian Championship

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Year Champions (tot) Score
(if applicable)
Runners–up
2008 Montreal Impact Round-robin Toronto FC
2009 Toronto FC Vancouver Whitecaps
2010 Toronto FC (2) Vancouver Whitecaps
2011 Toronto FC (3) 1–1
2–1
Vancouver Whitecaps FC
2012 Toronto FC (4) 1–1
1–0
Vancouver Whitecaps FC
2013 Montreal Impact (2) 0–0
2–2 (a)
Vancouver Whitecaps FC
2014 Montreal Impact (3) 1–1
1–0
Toronto FC
2015 Vancouver Whitecaps FC 2–2
2–0
Montreal Impact
2016 Toronto FC (5) 1–0
1–2 (a)
Vancouver Whitecaps FC
2017 Toronto FC (6) 1–1
2–1
Montreal Impact
2018 Toronto FC (7) 2–2
5–2
Vancouver Whitecaps FC
2019 Montreal Impact (4) 1–0
0–1 (3–1 p)
Toronto FC
2020 Toronto FC (8) 1–1 (5–4 p)[11] Forge FC
2021 CF Montréal (5) 1–0 Toronto FC
2022 Vancouver Whitecaps FC (2) 1–1 (5–3 p) Toronto FC
2023 Vancouver Whitecaps FC (3) 2–1 CF Montréal
2024 Vancouver Whitecaps FC (4) 0–0 (4–2 p) Toronto FC

Multiple majors in one season

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Trebles

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In 2017, Toronto FC completed a treble of Supporters' Shield, MLS Cup and Canadian Championship, the first treble of any kind achieved by either an American or Canadian club since the beginning of Major League Soccer in 1996.

Year Club (number of trebles) Honors
2017 Toronto FC Supporters' Shield, MLS Cup, Canadian Championship

Doubles

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Listed here are the teams to achieve two major accomplishments in one season since 1968.

Year Club (number of doubles) Honors
1972 New York Cosmos Best regular season record, NASL Final
1974 Los Angeles Aztecs Best regular season record, NASL Final
1978 Cosmos (2) Best regular season record, Soccer Bowl
1980 New York Cosmos (3) Best regular season record, Soccer Bowl
1982 New York Cosmos (4) Best regular season record, Soccer Bowl
1984 Chicago Sting Best regular season record, NASL Finals
1996 D.C. United MLS Cup, U.S. Open Cup
1997 D.C. United (2) Supporters' Shield, MLS Cup
1998 Chicago Fire MLS Cup, U.S. Open Cup
1999 D.C. United (3) Supporters' Shield, MLS Cup
2000 Kansas City Wizards Supporters' Shield, MLS Cup
2002 Los Angeles Galaxy Supporters' Shield, MLS Cup
2003 Chicago Fire (2) U.S. Open Cup, Supporters' Shield
2005 Los Angeles Galaxy (2) U.S. Open Cup, MLS Cup
2008 Columbus Crew Supporters' Shield, MLS Cup
2011 Los Angeles Galaxy (3) Supporters' Shield, MLS Cup
2014 Seattle Sounders FC U.S. Open Cup, Supporters' Shield
2016 FC Dallas U.S. Open Cup, Supporters' Shield
2022 Los Angeles FC Supporters' Shield, MLS Cup

Overall totals

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As of October 2024

Defunct franchises: †.

Team D1 League
Championship
D1 Regular
Season
Domestic
Cup1
Continental
Championship
Total Last
Major
Vancouver Whitecaps FC2 5 5 5 4 0 14 2024 DC
D.C. United 4 4 3 2 13 2013 DC
New York Cosmos 5 7 0 0 12 1983 RS
Los Angeles Galaxy 5 4 2 1 12 2014 LC
Toronto FC5 1 1 8 0 10 2020 DC
Seattle Sounders FC2 2 1 4 1 8 2022 CC
Columbus Crew 3 3 1 0 7 2023 LC
Sporting Kansas City 2 1 4 0 7 2017 DC
Chicago Fire FC 1 1 4 0 6 2006 DC
CF Montréal4 5 0 0 5 0 5 2021 DC
San Jose Earthquakes2 2 2 0 0 4 2012 RS
Houston Dynamo FC 2 0 2 0 4 2023 DC
Los Angeles FC 1 2 1 0 4 2024 DC
Chicago Sting 2 1 0 0 3 1984 LC
New York Red Bulls 0 3 0 0 3 2018 RS
FC Dallas 0 1 2 0 3 2016 RS
Portland Timbers2 1 1 0 0 2 2015 LC
Tampa Bay Rowdies2 3 1 1 0 0 2 1976 RS
Los Angeles Aztecs 1 1 0 0 2 1974 LC
Dallas Tornado 1 1 0 0 2 1973 RS
Rochester Lancers2 4 1 1 0 0 2 1971 RS
Oakland Clippers 1 1 0 0 2 1967 LC
Atlanta United FC 1 0 1 0 2 2019 DC
Fort Lauderdale Strikers / Washington Darts 0 2 0 0 2 1977 RS
New England Revolution 0 1 1 0 2 2021 RS
New York City FC 1 0 0 0 1 2021 LC
Colorado Rapids 1 0 0 0 1 2010 LC
Real Salt Lake 1 0 0 0 1 2009 LC
Tulsa Roughnecks 1 0 0 0 1 1983 LC
Toronto Blizzard5 1 0 0 0 1 1976 LC
Philadelphia Atoms 1 0 0 0 1 1973 LC
Atlanta Chiefs 1 0 0 0 1 1968 LC
Los Angeles Wolves 1 0 0 0 1 1967 LC
Inter Miami CF 0 1 0 0 1 2024 RS
FC Cincinnati 0 1 0 0 1 2023 RS
Philadelphia Union 0 1 0 0 1 2020 RS
Miami Fusion 0 1 0 0 1 2001 RS
Tampa Bay Mutiny 0 1 0 0 1 1996 RS
Kansas City Spurs 0 1 0 0 1 1969 RS
San Diego Toros 0 1 0 0 1 1968 RS
Washington Whips 0 1 0 0 1 1967 RS
Orlando City SC 0 0 1 0 1 2022 DC
Rochester New York FC 0 0 1 0 1 1999 DC
Richmond Kickers3 0 0 1 0 1 1995 DC
  • ^Note 1 – If the full histories of the domestic cups were included, the table would be some 150 teams long and include dozens of defunct, historical, and strictly amateur (North American Division 4 or 5) squads. As North American Soccer League teams did not compete for the domestic cups, and for the sake of practicality, only the modern eras of the two domestic cup trophies (since 1995 for the U.S. Open Cup and since the inception of the Canadian Championship in 2008) are included in this particular chart. For full domestic cup histories and totals, see below.
  • ^Note 2 – The current incarnation of the franchise is a namesake phoenix club that owns the rights to the club's name and history.
  • ^Note 3 – Team currently exists as a professional franchise in a Division II or Division III league, and as such are prevented from competing for two of the three domestic majors due to a lack of promotion and relegation.
  • ^Note 4 – The current incarnation of the franchise rebranded but owns the rights to the club's name and history.
  • ^Note 5 – Canadian soccer team.

Minor titles

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Division 2 leagues

edit

Before the 1976 season, the American Soccer League placed its first teams on the west coast, going national. For the first time, the United States and Canada had a national-level second-division league. For 2017 the USSF granted provisional D2 status for both the NASL and the USL.

Year Champions Runners-up Regular season Runners-up
1976 Los Angeles Skyhawks New York Apollo Los Angeles Skyhawks Tacoma Tides
1977 New Jersey Americans Sacramento Spirits New Jersey Americans Sacramento Spirits
1978 New York Apollo Los Angeles Skyhawks New York Apollo Los Angeles Skyhawks
1979 Sacramento Gold Columbus Magic California Sunshine Columbus Magic
1980 Pennsylvania Stoners Sacramento Spirit Pennsylvania Stoners New York United
1981 Carolina Lightnin' New York United New York United Pennsylvania Stoners
1982 Detroit Express Oklahoma City Slickers Detroit Express Oklahoma City Slickers
1983 Jacksonville Tea Men Pennsylvania Stoners Jacksonville Tea Men Dallas Americans
1984 Fort Lauderdale Sun Houston Dynamos Oklahoma City Stampede Fort Lauderdale Sun
1985 South Florida Sun (2) Dallas Americans South Florida Sun Dallas Americans
1986 no USSF sanctioned Division 2 league
1987
1988 Washington Diplomats Fort Lauderdale Strikers New Jersey Eagles Fort Lauderdale Strikers
1989 Fort Lauderdale Strikers11 San Diego Nomads11 Washington Stars Boston Bolts
1990 Maryland Bays San Francisco Bay Blackhawks Fort Lauderdale Strikers Maryland Bays
1991 San Francisco Bay Blackhawks Albany Capitals Maryland Bays San Francisco Bay Blackhawks
1992 Colorado Foxes Tampa Bay Rowdies Colorado Foxes Tampa Bay Rowdies
1993 Colorado Foxes (2) Los Angeles Salsa Vancouver 86ers (6) Colorado Foxes
1994 Montreal Impact Colorado Foxes Seattle Sounders Los Angeles Salsa
1995 Seattle Sounders Atlanta Ruckus Montreal Impact Seattle Sounders
1996
(AL, SL)
AL: Seattle Sounders (2)
SL: California Jaguars
AL: Rochester Rhinos
SL: Richmond Kickers
AL: Montreal Impact (2)
SL: Carolina Dynamo
AL: Colorado Foxes
SL: California Jaguars
1997 Milwaukee Rampage Carolina Dynamo Montreal Impact (3) Hershey Wildcats
1998 Rochester Rhinos Minnesota Thunder Rochester Rhinos San Diego Flash
1999 Minnesota Thunder Rochester Rhinos Rochester Rhinos (2) San Diego Flash
2000 Rochester Rhinos (2) Minnesota Thunder Minnesota Thunder Milwaukee Rampage
2001 Rochester Rhinos (3) Hershey Wildcats Richmond Kickers Hershey Wildcats
2002 Milwaukee Rampage (2) Richmond Kickers Seattle Sounders (2) Charleston Battery
2003 Charleston Battery Minnesota Thunder Milwaukee Wave United Montreal Impact
2004 Montreal Impact (2) Seattle Sounders Portland Timbers Montreal Impact
2005 Seattle Sounders (3) Richmond Kickers Montreal Impact (4) Rochester Rhinos
2006 Vancouver Whitecaps (5) Rochester Rhinos Montreal Impact (5) Rochester Rhinos
2007 Seattle Sounders (4) Atlanta Silverbacks Seattle Sounders (3) Portland Timbers
2008 Vancouver Whitecaps (6) Puerto Rico Islanders Puerto Rico Islanders Vancouver Whitecaps
2009 Montreal Impact (3) Vancouver Whitecaps Portland Timbers (2) Carolina RailHawks
2010 Puerto Rico Islanders Carolina RailHawks Rochester Rhinos (3) Carolina RailHawks
2011 Minnesota Stars Fort Lauderdale Strikers Carolina RailHawks Puerto Rico Islanders
2012 Tampa Bay Rowdies Minnesota Stars San Antonio Scorpions Tampa Bay Rowdies
2013 New York Cosmos Atlanta Silverbacks Carolina RailHawks (2) Tampa Bay Rowdies
2014 San Antonio Scorpions Fort Lauderdale Strikers Minnesota United FC San Antonio Scorpions
2015 New York Cosmos (2) Ottawa Fury FC New York Cosmos Ottawa Fury FC
2016 New York Cosmos (3) Indy Eleven New York Cosmos (2) Indy Eleven
2017
(NASL, USL)
NASL: San Francisco Deltas
USL: Louisville City FC
NASL: New York Cosmos
USL: Swope Park Rangers
NASL: Miami FC
USL: Real Monarchs
NASL: San Francisco Deltas
USL: Louisville City FC
2018 Louisville City FC (2) Phoenix Rising FC FC Cincinnati Orange County SC
2019 Real Monarchs Louisville City FC Phoenix Rising FC Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC
2020 Championship final cancelled[12] Reno 1868 FC Phoenix Rising FC
2021 Orange County SC Tampa Bay Rowdies Tampa Bay Rowdies Phoenix Rising FC
2022 San Antonio FC Louisville City FC San Antonio FC Louisville City FC
2023 Phoenix Rising FC Charleston Battery Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC Sacramento Republic FC
2024 Louisville City FC Charleston Battery

Division 3 leagues

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Year Champions Runners-up Regular season Runners-up
1991 Richardson Rockets New Mexico Chiles Memphis Rogues Richardson Rockets
1992 Palo Alto Firebirds Tucson Amigos Dallas Rockets El Paso Patriots
1993 Greensboro Dynamo Orlando Lions Orlando Lions San Jose Hawks
1994 Greensboro Dynamo (2) Minnesota Thunder Minnesota Thunder Milwaukee Rampage
1995 Long Island Rough Riders Minnesota Thunder Minnesota Thunder (2) Long Island Rough Riders
1996 Charleston Battery Charlotte Eagles Charlotte Eagles Central Jersey Riptide
1997 Albuquerque Geckos Charlotte Eagles Myrtle Beach Seadawgs Albuquerque Geckos
1998 Chicago Stingers New Hampshire Phantoms Miami Breakers Indiana Blast
1999 Western Mass Pioneers South Jersey Barons Chico Rooks Texas Toros
2000 Charlotte Eagles New Jersey Stallions New Jersey Stallions Texas Rattlers
2001 Utah Blitzz Greenville Lions Utah Blitzz Chico Rooks
2002 Long Island Rough Riders (2) Wilmington Hammerheads Utah Blitzz (2) Wilmington Hammerheads
2003 Wilmington Hammerheads Westchester Flames Carolina Dynamo Long Island Rough Riders
2004 Utah Blitzz (2) Charlotte Eagles Pittsburgh Riverhounds Charlotte Eagles
2005 Charlotte Eagles (2) Western Mass Pioneers Western Mass Pioneers Charlotte Eagles
2006 Richmond Kickers Charlotte Eagles Richmond Kickers Charlotte Eagles
2007 Harrisburg City Islanders Richmond Kickers Richmond Kickers (2) Cleveland City Stars
2008 Cleveland City Stars Charlotte Eagles Charlotte Eagles (2) Richmond Kickers
2009 Richmond Kickers (2) Charlotte Eagles Wilmington Hammerheads Richmond Kickers
2010 Charleston Battery (2) Richmond Kickers Charleston Battery Richmond Kickers
2011 Orlando City Harrisburg City Islanders Orlando City Wilmington Hammerheads
2012 Charleston Battery (3) Wilmington Hammerheads Orlando City (2) Rochester Rhinos
2013 Orlando City (2) Charlotte Eagles Richmond Kickers (3) Orlando City
2014 Sacramento Republic Harrisburg City Islanders Orlando City (3) Sacramento Republic
2015 Rochester Rhinos LA Galaxy II Rochester Rhinos Louisville City FC
2016 New York Red Bulls II Swope Park Rangers New York Red Bulls II Louisville City FC
2017 no USSF sanctioned Division 3 league
2018 no USSF sanctioned Division 3 league
USL1: 2019 North Texas SC Greenville Triumph SC North Texas SC Lansing Ignite FC
NISA: 2019–20 Fall
NISA: 2019–20 Spring
No overall association champion decided[a]
Season not complete due to the COVID-19 pandemic
USL1: 2020 Greenville Triumph SC Union Omaha Greenville Triumph SC Union Omaha
NISA: 2020–21 Fall
NISA: 2020–21 Spring
Detroit City FC Los Angeles Force Fall: Detroit City FC
Spring: Los Angeles Force
Fall: Oakland Roots SC
Spring: Chattanooga FC
USL1: 2021
NISA: 2021
USL1: Union Omaha
NISA: Detroit City FC (2)
USL1: Greenville Triumph SC
NISA: California United Strikers FC
USL1: Union Omaha
NISA: Detroit City FC (2)
USL1: Greenville Triumph SC
NISA: California United Strikers FC
USL1: 2022
NISA: 2022
MLSNP: 2022
USL1: Tormenta FC
NISA: Michigan Stars FC
MLSNP: Columbus Crew 2
USL1: Chattanooga Red Wolves SC
NISA: Albion San Diego
MLSNP: St. Louis City SC 2
USL1: Richmond Kickers (4)
NISA: California United Strikers FC
MLSNP: Columbus Crew 2
USL1: Greenville Triumph SC
NISA: Chattanooga FC
MLSNP: St. Louis City SC 2
USL1: 2023
NISA: 2023
MLSNP: 2023
USL1: North Carolina FC
NISA: Flower City Union
MLSNP: Austin FC II
USL1: Charlotte Independence
NISA: Michigan Stars FC
MLSNP: Columbus Crew 2
USL1: Union Omaha (2)
NISA: Chattanooga FC
MLSNP: Colorado Rapids 2
USL1: North Carolina FC
NISA: Michigan Stars FC
MLSNP: Crown Legacy FC
USL1: 2024
NISA: 2024
MLSNP: 2024
USL1:
NISA: Los Angeles Force
MLSNP:
USL1:
NISA: Irvine Zeta FC
MLSNP:
USL1: Union Omaha (3)
NISA: Maryland Bobcats
MLSNP: North Texas SC
USL1: Northern Colorado Hailstorm FC
NISA: Los Angeles Force
MLSNP: St. Louis City 2
  1. ^ The "Fall Showcase" had both NISA conferences compete in separate championship games with both winners automatically qualifying for the Spring 2020 playoffs. Miami FC and California United Strikers FC won the East Coast Conference and West Coast Conference respectively.

Other titles

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American Cup (1885–1924)

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Year Winner Runner-up
1885 Clark O.N.T. New York
1886 Clark O.N.T. Kearny Rangers
1887 Clark O.N.T. Kearny Rangers
1888 Fall River Rovers Newark Almas
1889 Fall River Rovers Newark Caledonians
1890 Fall River Olympics Kearny Rovers
1891 Fall River East Ends Brooklyn Longfellows
1892 Fall River East Ends New York Thistle
1893 Pawtucket Free Wanderers New York Thistle
1894 Fall River Olympics Paterson True Blues
1895 Newark Caledonian Pawtucket Free Wanderers
1896 Paterson True Blues Fall River Olympics
1897 Philadelphia Manz Paterson True Blues
1898 Arlington A.A. Kearny A.C.
1899–1905 No competition
1906 West Hudson A.A. Paterson True Blues
1907 Clark A.A. Kearny Scots
1908 West Hudson A.A. Paterson True Blues
1909 Paterson True Blues East Newark Clark A.A.
1910 Disston A.A. Kearny Scots
1911 Howard & Bullough Philadelphia Hibernian
1912 West Hudson A.A. Paterson Rangers
1913 Paterson True Blues Disston A.A.
1914 Bethlehem Steel F.C. Disston A.A.
1915 Kearny Scots Brooklyn Celtic
1916 Bethlehem Steel F.C. Kearny Scots
1917 Bethlehem Steel F.C. West Hudson A.A.
1918 Bethlehem Steel F.C. Babcock & Wilcox
1919 Bethlehem Steel F.C. Paterson F.C.
1920 Brooklyn Robins Dry Dock Bethlehem Steel F.C.
1921 Brooklyn Robins Dry Dock Fore River
1922 no competition
1923 Fleisher Yarn J&P Coats
1924 Bethlehem Steel F.C. Fall River F.C.

National Association Football League (1895–1921)

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Year Winner Runners-up
1895 Centreville A.C. Kearny Scots
1895–96 no records exist
1896–97 Centreville A.C. Brooklyn Wanderers
1897–98 Paterson True Blues Kearny Scots
1898–99 Paterson True Blues Kearny Arlington
1906–07 West Hudson A.A. Kearny Scots
1907–08 Newark FC Paterson Rangers
1908–09 East Newark Clark A.A.
West Hudson A.A.12
1909–10 West Hudson A.A. Jersey A.C.
1910–11 Jersey A.C. Paterson Wilberforce
1911–12 West Hudson A.A. Paterson Wilberforce
1912–13 West Hudson A.A. Paterson True Blues
1913–14 Brooklyn F.C. West Hudson A.A.
1914–15 West Hudson A.A. Jersey A.C.
1915–16 Harrison Alley Boys Kearny Scots
1916–17 Jersey A.C. Kearny Scots
1917–18 Paterson F.C. Bethlehem Steel F.C.
1918–19 Bethlehem Steel F.C. Philadelphia Merchant Ship
1919–20 Bethlehem Steel F.C. Erie A.A.
1920–21 Bethlehem Steel F.C. New York F.C.
  • ^Note 12 – Clark and West Hudson finished tied and were declared co-champions.

American Soccer League I (1921–1933)

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The American Soccer League was the most prominent soccer league in the United States during the early 20th century.[13] Some modern sources consider it to have been a major professional league.[14]

Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer
1921–22 Philadelphia F.C. New York F.C. Harold Brittan
1922–23 J. & P. Coats F.C. Bethlehem Steel F.C. Daniel McNiven
1923–24 Fall River F.C. Bethlehem Steel Archie Stark
1924–25 Fall River F.C. (2) Bethlehem Steel Archie Stark
1925–26 Fall River F.C. (3) New Bedford Whalers Andy Stevens
1926–27 Bethlehem Steel Boston S.C. Davey Brown
1927–28 Boston S.C. New Bedford Whalers Andy Stevens
1928–29 Fall River F.C. (4) Brooklyn Wanderers Werner Nilsen
János Nehadoma
1929 Fall River F.C. (5) Providence F.C. Bill Paterson
1930 Fall River F.C. (6) New Bedford Whalers Jerry Best
1931 New York Giants New Bedford Whalers Bob McIntyre
1932 New Bedford Whalers Hakoah All-Stars Bert Patenaude
1932–33 Fall River F.C. Pawtucket Rangers

American Soccer League II (1933–1975)

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Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer MVP
1933–34 Kearny Irish (1) New York Americans Archie Stark
Razzo Carroll
not awarded
1934–35 Philadelphia German-Americans (1) New York Americans Millard Lang
1935–36 New York Americans (1) Baltimore Canton Alex Rae
1936–37 Kearny Scots (1) Brooklyn Hispano Charlie Ernst
1937–38 Kearny Scots (2) Brooklyn St. Mary's Celtic Fabri Salcedo
1938–39 Kearny Scots (3) Philadelphia German-Americans Bert Patenaude
1939–40 Kearny Scots (4) Baltimore S.C. Charlie Ernst
1940–41 Kearny Scots (5) Philadelphia German-Americans Fabri Salcedo
1941–42 Philadelphia Americans (2) Brookhattan John Nanoski
1942–43 Brooklyn Hispano (1) Brookhattan Chappie Sheppell
1943–44 Philadelphia Americans (3) Brooklyn Wanderers Tommy Marshall
1944–45 Brookhattan (1) Philadelphia Americans John Nanoski Steve Rozbora
1945–46 Baltimore Americans (1) Brooklyn Hispano Fabri Salcedo Ray McFaul
1946–47 Philadelphia Americans (4) Brooklyn Wanderers Bill Fisher Servile Mervine
1947–48 Philadelphia Americans (5) Kearny Scots Nicholas Kropfelder John O'Connell
1948–49 Philadelphia Nationals (1) New York Americans Pito Villanon John O'Connell
1949–50 Philadelphia Nationals (2) Kearny Celtic Joe Gaetjens Joe Maca
1950–51 Philadelphia Nationals (3) Kearny Celtic Nicholas Kropfelder John Donald
1951–52 Philadelphia Americans (6) Kearny Scots Dick Roberts Benny McLaughlin
1952–53 Philadelphia Nationals (4) Newark Portuguese Pito Villanon Pito Villanon
1953–54 New York Americans (2) Brookhattan Jack Calder Cyril Hannaby
1954–55 Uhrik Truckers (7) Brooklyn Hispano John Ferris John Ferris
1955–56 Uhrik Truckers (8) Elizabeth Falcons Gene Grabowski Jack Hynes
1956–57 New York Hakoah-Americans (1) Uhrik Truckers George Brown John Oliver
1957–58 New York Hakoah-Americans (2) Ukrainian Nationals Lloyd Monsen Walter Kudenko
1958–59 New York Hakoah-Americans (3) Ukrainian Nationals Pasquale Pepe Yuriy Kulishenko
1959–60 Colombo (1) New York Hakoah Mike Noha Andy Racz
1960–61 Ukrainian Nationals (1) Falcons S.C. Herman Niss Mike Noha
1961–62 Ukrainian Nationals (2) Inter-Brooklyn Italians Peter Millar Peter Millar
1962–63 Ukrainian Nationals (3) Inter S.C. Ismael Ferreyra Peter Millar
1963–64 Ukrainian Nationals (4) Boston Metros Walter Chyzowych Abbie Wolanow
1964–65 Hartford S.C (1) Newark Portuguese Herculiano Riguerdo Alberto Falak
1965–66 Roma S.C. (1) Newark Ukrainian Sitch Walter Chyzowych Walter Chyzowych
1966–67 Baltimore St. Gerards (1) Newark Ukrainian Sitch Jorge Benitez Myron Worobec
1967–68 Ukrainian Nationals (5) New York Inter Ivan Paleto Robert Waugh
1968 Washington Darts (1) Rochester Lancers Gerry Browne
1969 Washington Darts (2) Syracuse Scorpions Jim Lefkos Robert Waugh
1970 Philadelphia Ukrainians (6) Philadelphia Spartans Juan Paletta
Willie Mfum
Albert Trik
1971 New York Greeks (1) Boston Astros Charles Duccilli Bob Hatzos
1972 Cincinnati Comets (1) New York Greeks Charles Duccilli Ringo Cantillo
1973 New York Apollo (2) Cincinnati Comets Eddy Roberts Helio Barbosa
1974 Rhode Island Oceaneers (1) New York Apollo Ringo Cantillo Ringo Cantillo
1975 New York Apollo (3), Boston Astros (1) co-champions José Neto José Neto

St. Louis Soccer League (1907–1939)

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Season Winner
1907–08 Innisfails
1908–09 St. Leo's
1909–10 St. Leo's
1910–11 St. Leo's
1911–12 St. Leo's
1912–13 St. Leo's
1913–14 St. Leo's
1914–15 St. Leo's
1915–16 Ben Millers
1916–17 Ben Millers
1917–18 Ben Millers
1918–19 Scullin Steel
1919–20 Ben Millers
1920–21 Scullin Steel
1921–22 Scullin Steel
1922–23 Vesper Buick
1923–24 Vesper Buick
1924–25 Ben Millers
1925–26 Ben Millers
1926–27 Ben Millers
1927–28 Tablers
1928–29 Tablers
1929–30 Tablers
1930–31 Coca-Colas
1931–32 Coca-Colas
1932–33 Stix, Baer and Fuller F.C.
1933–34 Stix, Baer and Fuller F.C.
1934–35 St. Louis Central Breweries F.C.
1935–36 Burke's Undertakers
1936–37 Burke's Undertakers
1937–38 St. Matthew's
1938–39 Chicago Sparta

Lewis Cup (1915–1963)

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The Lewis Cup was an American soccer trophy originally given to the champion of the Blue Mountain League of northwestern Pennsylvania and later awarded to the winners of the American Soccer League's League Cup.

Year Winner Runner-up
1915 Bethlehem Reserves Nativity Men's Club
1916 Allentown YMCA
1917 Allentown YMCA (2) Nativity Men's Club
1918 North End F.C. Victor F.C.
1919 North End F.C. (2) Saucon Cross Roads
1920–1924 no competition
1925
Details
Boston Soccer Club Fall River F.C.
1926
Details
New Bedford Whalers New York Giants
1927
Details
Boston Soccer Club (2) Brooklyn Wanderers
1928
Details
Bethlehem Steel Boston Soccer Club
1929
Details
New York Nationals New Bedford Whalers
1930
Details
Fall River F.C. Hakoah All-Stars
1931–1939 no competition
1940 Kearny Scots Philadelphia German American
1941 Philadelphia German-American Brookhattan
1942 Brookhattan Kearny Irish
1943 Philadelphia Americans (2) Kearny Irish
1944 Kearny Irish Brooklyn Wanderers
1945 Brookhattan (2) Brooklyn Wanderers
1946 Brooklyn Hispano Baltimore Americans
1947 Baltimore Americans Kearny Irish
1948 Kearny Scots (2) Brookhattan
1949 Philadelphia Nationals Kearny Irish
1950 New York Americans Philadelphia Nationals
1951 Philadelphia Nationals (2) New York Hakoah
1952 Philadelphia Nationals (3) New York Americans
1953 Newark Portuguese Philadelphia Nationals
1954 Newark Sport Club S.C. Eintracht
1955 Uhrik Truckers (3) Brookhattan
1956 no competition
1957 Elizabeth Falcons Newark Portuguese[15]
1958 Uhrik Truckers (4) Ukrainian Nationals
1959 Ukrainian Nationals New York Hakoah
1960–1962 no competition
1963 Newark Ukrainian Sitch Ukrainian Nationals

Western Soccer Alliance / Lone Star Soccer Alliance / American Soccer League III (1985–1992)

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  • In 1985, several independent teams on the west coast formed the Western Soccer Alliance. Dedicated to fiscal austerity, it succeeded where the United Soccer League, founded the year before, failed. In 1987, the Lone Star Soccer Alliance imitated the success of the WSA in creating a viable regional league. In 1988, the third version of the American Soccer League, was established as a regional, east-coast league.
Western Soccer Alliance
Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer
1985 San Jose Earthquakes (1) Victoria Riptides
1986 Hollywood Kickers (1) F.C. Portland Brent Goulet
1987 San Diego Nomads (1) F.C. Seattle Joe Mihaljevic
1988 F.C. Seattle Storm (1) San Diego Nomads Scott Benedetti
1989 San Diego Nomads (2) San Francisco Bay Blackhawks Steve Corpening
Lone Star Soccer Alliance
Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer
1987 Dallas Express (1) Houston Dynamos
1988 Dallas Mean Green (2) Houston Dynamos
1989 Austin Thunder (1) F.C. Dallas
1990 Oklahoma City Spirit (1) F.C. Dallas
1991 F.C. Dallas (3) Austin Thunder Louis Morales
1992 Dallas Inter (4) America F.C. David Gordon
American Soccer League III
Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer
1988 Washington Diplomats (1) Fort Lauderdale Strikers Jorge Acosta
1989 Fort Lauderdale Strikers (1) Boston Bolts Ricardo Alonso
Mirko Castillo

Women's titles

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Women's D1 Leagues

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Women's United Soccer Association

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Year Champions
Runners-up Regular season
Runners-up Leading goalscorer Goals
2001 Bay Area CyberRays Atlanta Beat Atlanta Beat Bay Area CyberRays Tiffeny Milbrett (New York Power) 16
2002 Carolina Courage Washington Freedom Carolina Courage Philadelphia Charge Kátia (San Jose CyberRays) 15
2003 Washington Freedom Atlanta Beat Boston Breakers Atlanta Beat Marinette Pichon (Philadelphia Charge)
Dagny Mellgren (Boston Breakers)
14

Women's Professional Soccer

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Year Champions
Runners-up Regular season
Runners-up Leading goalscorer Goals
2009 Sky Blue FC Los Angeles Sol Los Angeles Sol St. Louis Athletica Marta (Los Angeles Sol) 9
2010 FC Gold Pride Philadelphia Independence FC Gold Pride Boston Breakers Marta (FC Gold Pride) 19
2011 Western New York Flash Philadelphia Independence Western New York Flash Philadelphia Independence Christine Sinclair (WNY Flash)
Marta (WNY Flash)
10

National Women's Soccer League

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Year Champions Runners-up Regular season Runners-up Leading goalscorer Goals
2013 Portland Thorns Western New York Flash Western New York Flash FC Kansas City Lauren Holiday (FC Kansas City) 12
2014 FC Kansas City Seattle Reign FC Seattle Reign FC FC Kansas City Kim Little (Seattle Reign FC) 16
2015 FC Kansas City Seattle Reign FC Seattle Reign FC Chicago Red Stars Crystal Dunn (Washington Spirit) 15
2016 Western New York Flash Washington Spirit Portland Thorns Washington Spirit Kealia Ohai (Houston Dash)
Lynn Williams (Western New York Flash)
11
2017 Portland Thorns North Carolina Courage North Carolina Courage Portland Thorns Sam Kerr (Sky Blue FC) 17
2018 North Carolina Courage Portland Thorns North Carolina Courage Portland Thorns Sam Kerr (Chicago Red Stars) 16
2019 North Carolina Courage Chicago Red Stars North Carolina Courage Chicago Red Stars Sam Kerr (Chicago Red Stars) 18
2020 Cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021 Washington Spirit Chicago Red Stars Portland Thorns OL Reign Ashley Hatch (Washington Spirit) 10
2022 Portland Thorns Kansas City Current OL Reign Portland Thorns Alex Morgan (San Diego Wave FC) 15
2023 NJ/NY Gotham FC OL Reign San Diego Wave FC Portland Thorns Sophia Smith (Portland Thorns) 11

Women's National Championships

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Amateur era

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  • 1980: Seattle Sharks
  • 1981: Romiosa F.C.
  • 1982: F.C. Lowenbrau
  • 1983: Michelob Ladies
  • 1984: Chapel Hill Kix
  • 1985: Michelob Ladies (2)
  • 1986: Fairfax Wildfire
  • 1987: Michelob Ladies (3)
  • 1988: California Tremors
  • 1989: Michelob Ladies (4)
  • 1990: Opus County S.C.
  • 1991: Texas Challenge
  • 1992: Ajax America
  • 1993: Ajax America (2)
  • 1994: Sacramento Storm
  • 1995: Sacramento Storm (2)

Modern era

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Year Winner Score Runner-up
1996 Dallas Lightning 2–1 Sacramento Storm
1997 Dallas Lightning (2) [A] Sacramento Storm
1998 Ajax America (3) 5–0 Dallas Lightning
1999 Auto Trader San Diego 14–0 Patrick Real Wyckoff
2000 Ajax America (4) 2–1 Detroit Rocker Hawks
2001 Detroit Rocker Hawks 1–0 SoCal Blues
2002 SoCal Blues 5–0 Peninsula Aztecs
2003 Ajax America (5) [B]
2004 Ajax America (6) 2–1 Detroit Jaguars
2005 FC Indiana 4–0 DCS Titans
2006 Dallas Roma F.C. [B]
2007 Ajax America (7) 2–1 FC Indiana
2008 FC Indiana (2) [C]
2009 Chicago Eclipse Select 3–1 NYAC
2010 NYAC 2–0 (OT) Dallas Premier
2011 J.B. Marine S.C. 2–1 (OT) Sparta United WSC
2012 Chicago Red Stars 3–2 NYAC
2013 Houston Aces [D] Kansas City Dynamos
2014 NYAC 2–1 ASA Chesapeake Charge
2015 Olympic Club [D] ASA Chesapeake Charge
2016 Olympic Club 2–0 United FC
  1. ^ Sources disagree on winner
  2. ^ a b Losing finalist and semi-finalists unknown
  3. ^ All semi-finalists known but results are not
  4. ^ a b Group format used

Canadian Women's D3 National Championships

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Year Winner Score Runner-up Location
2022 A.S. Blainville 3–0 AS Laval Laval, Quebec
2023 Whitecaps FC Girls Elite 5–0 PEF Québec Langley Township, British Columbia

Indoor titles

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North American Soccer League (1971, 1975–76, 1978–84)

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Year Type Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer Goals
1971 4-team tournament Dallas Tornado (1) Rochester Lancers Mike Renshaw
Jim Benedek
Dragan Popović
2
1975 16-team tournament San Jose Earthquakes (1) Tampa Bay Rowdies Paul Child 14
1976 12-team tournament Tampa Bay Rowdies (1) Rochester Lancers Julie Veee 8
1978 4-team tournament Tulsa Roughnecks (1) Minnesota Kicks Nino Zec
Randy Garber
Milan Dovedan
5
1979 4-team tournament Dallas Tornado (2) Tampa Bay Rowdies Jim Ryan 7
1979–80 12-game season Tampa Bay Rowdies (2) Memphis Rogues David Byrne 23
1980–81 18-game season Edmonton Drillers (1) Chicago Sting Karl-Heinz Granitza 42
1981–82 18-game season San Diego Sockers (1) Tampa Bay Rowdies Juli Veee 51
1983 4-team grand prix Tampa Bay Rowdies (3) Montreal Manic Laurie Abrahams
Dale Mitchell
12
1983–84 32-game season San Diego Sockers (2) New York Cosmos Steve Zungul 63

Major Indoor Soccer League I/Major Soccer League (1978–1992)

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Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer
1978–79 New York Arrows (1) Philadelphia Fever Fred Grgurev
1979–80 New York Arrows (2) Houston Summit Steve Zungul
1980–81 New York Arrows (3) St. Louis Steamers Steve Zungul
1981–82 New York Arrows (4) St. Louis Steamers Steve Zungul
1982–83 San Diego Sockers (3) Baltimore Blast I Steve Zungul
1983–84 Baltimore Blast I (1) St. Louis Steamers Mark Liveric
1984–85 San Diego Sockers (4) Baltimore Blast I Steve Zungul
1985–86 San Diego Sockers (5) Minnesota Strikers Erik Rasmussen
1986–87 Dallas Sidekicks (1) Tacoma Stars Tatu
1987–88 San Diego Sockers (6) Cleveland Force Hector Marinaro
1988–89 San Diego Sockers (7) Baltimore Blast I Preki
1989–90 San Diego Sockers (8) Baltimore Blast I Tatu
MISL renamed Major Soccer League
1990–91 San Diego Sockers (9) Cleveland Crunch Tatu
1991–92 San Diego Sockers (10) Dallas Sidekicks Zoran Karic

American Indoor Soccer Association/National Professional Soccer League (1984–2001)

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Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer
1984–85 Canton Invaders (1) Louisville Thunder Lesh Shkreli
1985–86 Canton Invaders (2) Louisville Thunder Kia Zolgharnain
1986–87 Louisville Thunder (1) Canton Invaders Rudy Pikuzinski
1987–88 Canton Invaders (3)[16] Fort Wayne Flames Rudy Pikuzinski
1988–89 Canton Invaders (4) Chicago Power Karl-Heinz Granitza
1989–90 Canton Invaders (5) Dayton Dynamo Dan O'Keefe
AISA renamed National Professional Soccer League
1990–91 Chicago Power (1) Dayton Dynamo Andy Chapman
1991–92 Detroit Rockers (1) Canton Invaders Andy Chapman
1992–93 Kansas City Attack (1) Cleveland Crunch Hector Marinaro
1993–94 Cleveland Crunch (1) St. Louis Ambush Hector Marinaro
1994–95 St. Louis Ambush (1) Harrisburg Heat Hector Marinaro
1995–96 Cleveland Crunch (2) Kansas City Attack Hector Marinaro
1996–97 Kansas City Attack (2) Cleveland Crunch Hector Marinaro
1997–98 Milwaukee Wave (1) St. Louis Ambush Hector Marinaro
1998–99 Cleveland Crunch (3) St. Louis Ambush Doug Miller
1999–2000 Milwaukee Wave (2) Cleveland Crunch Hector Marinaro
2000–01 Milwaukee Wave (3) Philadelphia KiXX Denison Cabral

Continental Indoor Soccer League (1993–1997)

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Season Champion Series Runner-up Top scorer
1993 Dallas Sidekicks (2) 2–1 San Diego Sockers Tatu
1994 Las Vegas Dustdevils (1) 2–1 Dallas Sidekicks Tatu
1995 Monterrey La Raza (1) 2–1 Sacramento Knights Zizinho
1996 Monterrey La Raza (2) 2–0 Houston Hotshots David Doyle
1997 Seattle SeaDogs (1) 2–0 Houston Hotshots Paul Dougherty

World Indoor Soccer League (1998–2001)

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  • League known as the Premier Soccer Alliance for the 1998 season.
Season Champion Score / series Runner-up Top scorer
1998 Dallas Sidekicks (3) 6 to 2 Sacramento Knights Tatu
1999 Sacramento Knights (1) 7 to 6 Dallas Sidekicks David Doyle
2000 Monterrey La Raza (3) 6 to 5 (SO 3–1) Dallas Sidekicks Clint Regier
2001 Dallas Sidekicks (4) 2–1 San Diego Sockers Ato Leone

Major Indoor Soccer League II (2001–2008)

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Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer
2001–2002 Philadelphia KiXX (1) Milwaukee Wave Dino Delevski
2002–2003 Baltimore Blast (1) Milwaukee Wave Dino Delevski
2003–2004 Baltimore Blast (2) Milwaukee Wave Greg Howes
2004–2005 Milwaukee Wave (4) Cleveland Force Greg Howes
2005–2006 Baltimore Blast (3) St. Louis Steamers Greg Howes
2006–2007 Philadelphia KiXX (2) Detroit Ignition Jamar Beasley
2007–2008 Baltimore Blast (4) Monterrey La Raza Greg Howes

Xtreme Soccer League (2008–2009)

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Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer
2008–09 Detroit Ignition* (1) New Jersey Ironmen Lucio Gonzaga
  • League had no playoffs, regular season winner was champion.

National Indoor Soccer League/Major Indoor Soccer League III (2008–2014)

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Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer
2008–09 Baltimore Blast (5) Rockford Rampage Byron Alvarez
NISL renamed Major Indoor Soccer League
2009–10 Monterrey La Raza (4) Milwaukee Wave Genoni Martinez
2010–11 Milwaukee Wave (5) Baltimore Blast Byron Alvarez
2011–12 Milwaukee Wave (6) Baltimore Blast Geison Moura
2012–13 Baltimore Blast (6) Missouri Comets Doug Miller
2013–14 Missouri Comets (1) Baltimore Blast Ian Bennett

Professional Arena Soccer League/Major Arena Soccer League (2008–present)

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Year Winner (tot) Runners-up Top scorer
2008–09 Stockton Cougars (1) 1790 Cincinnati Bernie Lilavois
2009–10 San Diego Sockers (1) La Raza de Guadalajara Jeff Hughes
2010–11 San Diego Sockers (2) La Raza de Guadalajara Kraig Chiles
2011–12 San Diego Sockers (3) Detroit Waza Kraig Chiles
2012–13 San Diego Sockers (4) Detroit Waza Kraig Chiles
2013–14 Chicago Mustangs (1) Hidalgo La Fiera Efrain Martinez, Bryan Moya
PASL renamed Major Arena Soccer League
2014–15 Monterrey Flash (1) Baltimore Blast Leo Gibson
2015–16 Baltimore Blast (7) Sonora Suns Franck Tayou
2016–17 Baltimore Blast (8) Sonora Suns Franck Tayou
2017–18 Baltimore Blast (9) Monterrey Flash Franck Tayou
2018–19 Milwaukee Wave (7) Monterrey Flash Franck Tayou
2019–20 Playoffs canceled due to COVID-19 pandemic[17] Franck Tayou
2020–21 San Diego Sockers (5) Ontario Fury Ian Bennett
2021–22 San Diego Sockers (6) Florida Tropics SC Kraig Chiles
2022–23 Chihuahua Savage Baltimore Blast Franck Tauou

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Marketing the US Soccer Majors
  2. ^ MLS Trophy Case
  3. ^ United States Soccer Federation – Open Cup
  4. ^ Canadian Soccer Association – Competitions Archived June 25, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ RSSSF – United States/Canada
  6. ^ "American Soccer History Archives". Archived from the original on June 13, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2011.
  7. ^ Meyers, Jeff (September 19, 1967). "Clippers Down Stars, Win Cup". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. p. 5C. Retrieved October 16, 2018 – via newspapers.com.
  8. ^ "The Year in American Soccer - 1972". Archived from the original on March 25, 2015. Retrieved February 14, 2013.
  9. ^ "2020 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup Cancelled Due to COVID-19" (Press release). United States Soccer Federation. August 17, 2020. Retrieved August 17, 2020.
  10. ^ "Schedule Announced for Next Edition of Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup in 2022" (Press release). United States Soccer Federation. July 20, 2021. Retrieved December 10, 2021.
  11. ^ "2020 Canadian Championship Final May Be As Late As July 2022". March 25, 2021. Retrieved May 30, 2021.
  12. ^ "USL Championship Final Cancelled, Season Concludes with Tampa Bay, Phoenix as Conference Title-Winners". USLChampionship.com Staff. October 31, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  13. ^ Phillips, Brian (June 9, 2010). "How soccer almost became a major American sport in the 1920s". Slate Magazine. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  14. ^ Desbordes, Michel (May 23, 2012). Marketing and football : an international perspective. Taylor & Francis. p. 369. ISBN 9781136380648.
  15. ^ "Falcons Lose, 1-0, But Win Cup". New York Daily News. June 17, 1957. p. 53. Retrieved February 13, 2019.
  16. ^ Liliy, Bob (April 2, 1988). "Invaders up to the Challenge". Akron Beacon Journal. p. C1. Retrieved June 11, 2017.
  17. ^ "Flash and Tropics Named Regular Season Champions". July 2020.