The avian family Laridae comprise the noddies, skimmers, kittiwakes, gulls, and terns. The International Ornithological Committee (IOC) recognizes these 104 Laridae species distributed among 22 genera.[1]
This list is presented according to the IOC taxonomic sequence and can also be sorted alphabetically by common name and binomial.
| Common name | Binomial name | IOC sequence |
|---|---|---|
| African skimmer | Rynchops flavirostris Vieillot, 1816 | 1 |
| Indian skimmer | Rynchops albicollis Swainson, 1838 | 2 |
| Black skimmer | Rynchops niger Linnaeus, 1758 | 3 |
| White tern | Gygis alba (Sparrman, 1786) | 4 |
| Brown noddy | Anous stolidus (Linnaeus, 1758) | 5 |
| Lesser noddy | Anous tenuirostris (Temminck, 1823) | 6 |
| Black noddy | Anous minutus Boie, F, 1844 | 7 |
| Grey noddy | Anous albivitta (Bonaparte, 1856) | 8 |
| Blue noddy | Anous ceruleus (Bennett, FD, 1840) | 9 |
| Aleutian tern | Onychoprion aleuticus (Baird, SF, 1869) | 10 |
| Sooty tern | Onychoprion fuscatus (Linnaeus, 1766) | 11 |
| Bridled tern | Onychoprion anaethetus (Scopoli, 1786) | 12 |
| Spectacled tern | Onychoprion lunatus (Peale, 1849) | 13 |
| Little tern | Sternula albifrons (Pallas, 1764) | 14 |
| Saunders's tern | Sternula saundersi (Hume, 1877) | 15 |
| Least tern | Sternula antillarum Lesson, RP, 1847 | 16 |
| Yellow-billed tern | Sternula superciliaris (Vieillot, 1819) | 17 |
| Peruvian tern | Sternula lorata (Philippi & Landbeck, 1861) | 18 |
| Fairy tern | Sternula nereis Gould, 1843 | 19 |
| Damara tern | Sternula balaenarum Strickland, 1853 | 20 |
| Large-billed tern | Phaetusa simplex (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | 21 |
| Gull-billed tern | Gelochelidon nilotica (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | 22 |
| Australian tern | Gelochelidon macrotarsa (Gould, 1837) | 23 |
| Caspian tern | Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas, 1770) | 24 |
| Inca tern | Larosterna inca (Lesson, RP & Garnot, 1827) | 25 |
| Whiskered tern | Chlidonias hybrida (Pallas, 1811) | 26 |
| Black-fronted tern | Chlidonias albostriatus (Gray, GR, 1845) | 27 |
| Black tern | Chlidonias niger (Linnaeus, 1758) | 28 |
| White-winged tern | Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck, 1815) | 29 |
| River tern | Sterna aurantia Gray, JE, 1831 | 30 |
| Forster's tern | Sterna forsteri Nuttall, 1834 | 31 |
| Snowy-crowned tern | Sterna trudeaui Audubon, 1838 | 32 |
| Arctic tern | Sterna paradisaea Pontoppidan, 1763 | 33 |
| South American tern | Sterna hirundinacea Lesson, RP, 1831 | 34 |
| Antarctic tern | Sterna vittata Gmelin, JF, 1789 | 35 |
| Kerguelen tern | Sterna virgata Cabanis, 1875 | 36 |
| Common tern | Sterna hirundo Linnaeus, 1758 | 37 |
| White-cheeked tern | Sterna repressa Hartert, EJO, 1916 | 38 |
| Black-naped tern | Sterna sumatrana Raffles, 1822 | 39 |
| Roseate tern | Sterna dougallii Montagu, 1813 | 40 |
| White-fronted tern | Sterna striata Gmelin, JF, 1789 | 41 |
| Black-bellied tern | Sterna acuticauda Gray, JE, 1831 | 42 |
| Sandwich tern | Thalasseus sandvicensis (Latham, 1787) | 43 |
| Cabot's tern | Thalasseus acuflavidus (Cabot, S, 1847) | 44 |
| Elegant tern | Thalasseus elegans (Gambel, 1849) | 45 |
| Lesser crested tern | Thalasseus bengalensis (Lesson, RP, 1831) | 46 |
| West African crested tern | Thalasseus albididorsalis (Hartert, EJO, 1921) | 47 |
| Royal tern | Thalasseus maximus (Boddaert, 1783) | 48 |
| Greater crested tern | Thalasseus bergii (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823) | 49 |
| Chinese crested tern | Thalasseus bernsteini (Schlegel, 1863) | 50 |
| Swallow-tailed gull | Creagrus furcatus (Néboux, 1842) | 51 |
| Little gull | Hydrocoloeus minutus (Pallas, 1776) | 52 |
| Ross's gull | Rhodostethia rosea (MacGillivray, W, 1824) | 53 |
| Black-legged kittiwake | Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus, 1758) | 54 |
| Red-legged kittiwake | Rissa brevirostris (Bruch, 1855) | 55 |
| Ivory gull | Pagophila eburnea (Phipps, 1774) | 56 |
| Sabine's gull | Xema sabini (Sabine, 1819) | 57 |
| Saunders's gull | Saundersilarus saundersi Swinhoe, 1871 | 58 |
| Slender-billed gull | Chroicocephalus genei (Brème, 1839) | 59 |
| Bonaparte's gull | Chroicocephalus philadelphia (Ord, 1815) | 60 |
| Silver gull | Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826) | 61 |
| Black-billed gull | Chroicocephalus bulleri (Hutton, FW, 1871) | 62 |
| Andean gull | Chroicocephalus serranus (Tschudi, 1844) | 63 |
| Brown-hooded gull | Chroicocephalus maculipennis (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823) | 67 |
| Black-headed gull | Chroicocephalus ridibundus (Linnaeus, 1766) | 65 |
| Brown-headed gull | Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus (Jerdon, 1840) | 66 |
| Grey-headed gull | Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus (Vieillot, 1818) | 67 |
| Hartlaub's gull | Chroicocephalus hartlaubii (Bruch, 1855) | 68 |
| Grey gull | Leucophaeus modestus (Tschudi, 1843) | 69 |
| Dolphin gull | Leucophaeus scoresbii (Traill, 1823) | 70 |
| Laughing gull | Leucophaeus atricilla (Linnaeus, 1758) | 71 |
| Franklin's gull | Leucophaeus pipixcan (Wagler, 1831) | 72 |
| Lava gull | Leucophaeus fuliginosus (Gould, 1841) | 73 |
| Pallas's gull | Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus (Pallas, 1773) | 74 |
| Relict gull | Ichthyaetus relictus (Lönnberg, 1931) | 75 |
| Audouin's gull | Ichthyaetus audouinii (Payraudeau, 1826) | 76 |
| Mediterranean gull | Ichthyaetus melanocephalus (Temminck, 1820) | 77 |
| Sooty gull | Ichthyaetus hemprichii (Bruch, 1855) | 78 |
| White-eyed gull | Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus (Temminck, 1825) | 79 |
| Pacific gull | Larus pacificus Latham, 1801 | 80 |
| Belcher's gull | Larus belcheri Vigors, 1829 | 81 |
| Black-tailed gull | Larus crassirostris Vieillot, 1818 | 82 |
| Olrog's gull | Larus atlanticus Olrog, 1958 | 83 |
| Heermann's gull | Larus heermanni Cassin, 1852 | 84 |
| Common gull | Larus canus Linnaeus, 1758 | 85 |
| Short-billed gull | Larus brachyrhynchus Richardson, 1831 | 86 |
| Ring-billed gull | Larus delawarensis Ord, 1815 | 87 |
| Yellow-footed gull | Larus livens Dwight, 1919 | 88 |
| Western gull | Larus occidentalis Audubon, 1839 | 89 |
| Caspian gull | Larus cachinnans Pallas, 1811 | 90 |
| Kelp gull | Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823 | 91 |
| European herring gull | Larus argentatus Pontoppidan, 1763 | 92 |
| Vega gull | Larus vegae Palmén, 1887 | 93 |
| Mongolian gull | Larus mongolicus Sushkin, 1925 | 94 |
| Yellow-legged gull | Larus michahellis Naumann, JF, 1840 | 95 |
| Armenian gull | Larus armenicus Buturlin, 1934 | 96 |
| Great black-backed gull | Larus marinus Linnaeus, 1758 | 97 |
| Glaucous gull | Larus hyperboreus Gunnerus, 1767 | 98 |
| Lesser black-backed gull | Larus fuscus Linnaeus, 1758 | 99 |
| California gull | Larus californicus Lawrence, 1854 | 100 |
| American herring gull | Larus smithsonianus Coues, 1862 | 101 |
| Glaucous-winged gull | Larus glaucescens Naumann, JF, 1840 | 102 |
| Slaty-backed gull | Larus schistisagus Stejneger, 1884 | 103 |
| Iceland gull | Larus glaucoides Meyer, B, 1822 | 104 |
References
edit- ^ Gill, F.; Donsker, D.; Rasmussen, P. (August 2024). "Noddies, skimmers, gulls, terns, skuas, auks". IOC World Bird List. v 14.2. Retrieved August 20, 2024.