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List of chief ministers of Maharashtra

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The Chief Minister of Maharashtra (IAST: Mahārāṣṭrāce Mukhyamaṃtrī) is the head of the executive branch of the government of the Indian state of Maharashtra. Following elections to the Legislative Assembly, the governor invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government and appoints the chief minister. If the appointee is not a member of either the Legislative Assembly or the Legislative Council of Maharashtra, then the Constitution stipulates that they need to be elected within six months of being sworn in.[2] The office of the CM is coterminous with the concurrent Assembly provided the CM commands confidence in the house and hence does not exceed five years. However, it is subject to no term limits.[1]

Chief Minister of Maharashtra
Mahārāṣṭrāche Mukhyamantrī
Emblem of Maharashtra
Incumbent
Eknath Shinde
since 30 June 2022
Government of Maharashtra
StyleThe Honorable
Mr. Chief Minister
His Excellency
StatusHead of Government
AbbreviationCM
Member of
ResidenceVarsha Bungalow, Malabar Hill, Mumbai
SeatMantralaya, Mumbai
AppointerGovernor of Maharashtra
Term lengthAt the confidence of the assembly
5 years and is subject to no term limits.[1]
Precursor
Prime Minister of Bombay
Inaugural holder
Formation1 May 1960
(64 years ago) (1960-05-01)
DeputyDeputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra
Salary
  • ₹340,000 (US$4,100)/monthly
  • ₹4,080,000 (US$49,000)/annually
WebsiteCMO Maharashtra

Maharashtra was formed by dissolution of Bombay State and Hyderabad State on 1 May 1960.[3] Yashwantrao Chavan, who was serving as the third CM of Bombay State since 1956, became the first CM of Maharashtra. He belonged to the Indian National Congress and held the office until the 1962 Assembly elections. Marotrao Kannamwar succeeded him and was the only CM to die while in office.[4][5] Vasantrao Naik, who was in office from December 1963 to February 1975 for more than 11 years, has by far been the longest serving CM. He also was the first and only CM to complete his full term of five years (1967-1972) till Devendra Fadnavis matched it (2014-2019). With the exceptions of Manohar Joshi (SS), Narayan Rane (SS), Devendra Fadnavis (BJP), Uddhav Thackeray (SS) and Eknath Shinde (SS), all other CMs have been from the Congress or its breakaway parties.[6][7][8]

So far, President's rule has been imposed thrice in the state: first from February to June 1980 and again from September to October 2014. It was again imposed on 12 November 2019.[9][10]

The current incumbent is Eknath Shinde of the Shiv Sena since 30 June 2022.[11]

Precursors

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Key

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Colour key for political parties

  Indian National Congress
  Indian National Congress (Urs)
  Indian Congress (Socialist)
  Shiv Sena
  Bharatiya Janata Party
  N/A (President's rule)

Prime Ministers of Bombay (1937–50)[a]

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#[b] Portrait Name Term of Office Assembly Appointed

by

(Governor)

Party
1   Dhanjishah Cooper 1 April 1937 19 July 1937[13] 140 days 1st Provincial

(1937 Elections)

The Lord Brabourne Independent
2   Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher 19 July 1937[13][14] 2 November 1939[15] 2 years, 106 days Robert Duncan Bell Indian National Congress
-   Vacant

(Governor's Rule)

2 November

1939

30 March 1946 6 years, 148 days Dissolved - N/A
(2)   Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher 30 March 1946 26 January
1950 		3 years, 302 days 2nd

Provincial

(1946 Elections)

Sir John Colville Indian National Congress

Chief Ministers of Bombay State (1947–60)

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#[c] Portrait Name Constituency Term of Office Assembly Appointed by

(Governor)

Party
1
 
 Balasaheb Gangadhar Kher MLC 15 August 1947 21 April 1952 4 years, 250 days Provincial Assembly

1946 election)

Sir John Colville Indian National Congress
2   Morarji Desai Bulsar Chikhli 21 April 1952 31 October 1956 4 years, 193 days 1st

(1952 elections)

Raja Sir Maharaj Singh
Chief Ministers of Bombay State (1956–60)[d]
3
 
 Yashwantrao Chavan Karad North 1 November 1956 5 April 1957 3 years, 181 days 1st

(1952 elections)

Harekrushna Mahatab Indian National Congress
5 April 1957 30 April 1960 2nd

(1957 elections)

Sri Prakasa

Chief Ministers of Maharashtra

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Chief Ministers of Maharashtra[e] (1960–present)

(Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960)[17]

No Portrait Name Constituency Term of office Assembly Party

(Alliance)[18]

Took office Left office Duration
1
 
 Yashwantrao Chavan Karad North 1 May 1960 20 November 1962 2 years, 203 days 1st

(1957 elections)

Indian National Congress
2 Marotrao Kannamwar Saoli 20 November 1962 24 November 1963 † 1 year, 4 days 2nd

(1962 election)

3 P. K. Sawant Chiplun 25 November 1963 5 December 1963 10 days
4   Vasantrao Naik Pusad 5 December 1963 1 March 1967 11 years, 78 days
1 March 1967 13 March 1972 3rd

(1967 election)

13 March 1972 21 February 1975 4th

(1972 election)

5   Shankarrao Chavan Bhokar 21 February 1975 17 May 1977 2 years, 85 days
6   Vasantdada Patil MLC 17 May 1977 5 March 1978 1 year, 62 days
Sangli 5 March 1978 18 July 1978 5th

(1978 election)

Indian National Congress (U)

(Congress - Congress (I))

7   Sharad Pawar Baramati 18 July 1978 17 February 1980 1 year, 214 days Indian Congress (Socialist)
–   Vacant[f]

(President's rule)

N/A 17 February 1980 8 June 1980 112 days Dissolved[20] N/A
8   A. R. Antulay Shrivardhan 9 June 1980 21 January 1982 1 year, 226 days 6th

(1980 election)

Indian National Congress
9   Babasaheb Bhosale Nehrunagar 21 January 1982 2 February 1983 1 year, 12 days
(6)   Vasantdada Patil Sangli 2 February 1983 3 June 1985 2 years, 121 days
10 Shivajirao Patil Nilangekar Nilanga 3 June 1985 12 March 1986 282 days 7th

(1985 election)

(5)   Shankarrao Chavan MLC 12 March 1986 26 June 1988 2 years, 106 days
(7)   Sharad Pawar Baramati 26 June 1988 4 March 1990 2 years, 364 days
4 March 1990 25 June 1991 8th

(1990 election)

11 Sudhakarrao Naik Pusad 25 June 1991 6 March 1993 1 year, 254 days
(7)   Sharad Pawar Baramati 6 March 1993[§] 14 March 1995 2 years, 8 days
12   Manohar Joshi Dadar 14 March 1995 1 February 1999 3 years, 324 days 9th

(1995 election)

Shiv Sena

(NDA)

13   Narayan Rane Malvan 1 February 1999 18 October 1999 259 days
14
 
 Vilasrao Deshmukh Latur City 18 October 1999 18 January 2003 3 years, 92 days 10th

(1999 election)

Indian National Congress

(MA)

15
 
 Sushilkumar Shinde Solapur South 18 January 2003 1 November 2004 1 year, 288 days
(14)
 
 Vilasrao Deshmukh Latur City 1 November 2004[§] 8 December 2008 4 years, 37 days 11th

(2004 election)

16
 
 Ashok Chavan Bhokar 8 December 2008 7 November 2009 1 year, 338 days
7 November 2009 11 November 2010 12th

(2009 election)

17
 
 Prithviraj Chavan MLC 11 November 2010 28 September 2014 3 years, 321 days
–   Vacant[f]

(President's rule)

N/A 28 September 2014[21] 30 October 2014[22] 32 days Dissolved N/A
18   Devendra Fadnavis Nagpur South West 31 October 2014 12 November 2019[23] 5 years, 12 days 13th

(2014 election)

Bharatiya Janata Party

(MY)

-   Vacant[f]

(President's rule)

12 November 2019[24] 23 November 2019[25] 11 days 14th

(2019 election)

N/A
(18)   Devendra Fadnavis Nagpur South West 23 November 2019[26] 28 November 2019[27] 5 days[g] Bharatiya Janata Party

(BJP-NCP)

19
 
 Uddhav Thackeray MLC 28 November 2019 30 June 2022 2 years, 214 days Shiv Sena

(MVA)

20   Eknath Shinde Kopri-Pachpakhadi 30 June 2022[32] Incumbent 2 years, 137 days Shiv Sena

(MY)

Statistics

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Fraction of time of holding CMO by party (as of October 2024)

  Indian National Congress (73.00%)
  Shiv Sena (14.81%)
  Bharatiya Janata Party (7.88%)
  Indian Congress (Socialist) (2.48%)
  Indian National Congress (U) (1.83%)
# Chief Minister Party Term of office
Longest continuous term Total duration of chief ministership
1 Vasantrao Naik INC 11 years, 78 days 11 years, 78 days
2 Vilasrao Deshmukh INC 4 years, 37 days 7 years, 129 days
3 Sharad Pawar INC/IC(S) 2 years, 364 days 6 years, 221 days
4 Devendra Fadnavis BJP 5 years, 12 days 5 years, 17 days
5 Shankarrao Chavan INC 2 years, 106 days 4 years, 191 days
6 Manohar Joshi SS 3 years, 324 days 3 years, 324 days
7 Prithviraj Chavan INC 3 years, 321 days 3 years, 321 days
8 Vasantdada Patil INC(U)/INC 2 years, 121 days 3 years, 183 days
9 Uddhav Thackeray SS 2 years, 214 days 2 years, 214 days
10 Yashwantrao Chavan INC 2 years, 203 days 2 years, 203 days
11 Eknath Shinde SS/BSS 2 years, 137 days 2 years, 137 days
12 Ashok Chavan INC 1 year, 338 days 1 year, 338 days
13 Sushilkumar Shinde INC 1 year, 288 days 1 year, 288 days
14 Sudhakarrao Naik INC 1 year, 254 days 1 year, 254 days
15 A. R. Antulay INC 1 year, 226 days 1 year, 226 days
16 Babasaheb Bhosale INC 1 year, 12 days 1 year, 12 days
17 Marotrao Kannamwar INC 1 year, 4 days 1 year, 4 days
18 Shivajirao Patil Nilangekar INC 282 days 282 days
19 Narayan Rane SS 259 days 259 days
20 P. K. Sawant INC 10 days 10 days

Timeline

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Eknath ShindeUddhav ThackerayDevendra FadnavisPrithviraj ChavanAshok ChavanSushilkumar ShindeVilasrao DeshmukhNarayan RaneManohar JoshiSudhakarrao NaikShivajirao Patil NilangekarBabasaheb BhosaleAbdul Rehman AntulaySharad PawarVasantrao PatilShankarrao ChavanVasantrao NaikP. K. SawantMarotrao KannamwarYashwantrao Chavan

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ After India's Independence, Bombay State was created and its territory underwent constant change in the following years. It comprised Bombay Presidency (roughly equating to the present-day Indian state of Maharashtra, excluding South Maharashtra and Vidarbha), the princely states of the Baroda, Western India and Gujarat (the present-day Indian state of Gujarat) and Deccan States (which included parts of the present-day Indian states of Maharashtra and Karnataka).[12]
  2. ^ A parenthetical number indicates that the incumbent has previously held office.
  3. ^ A parenthetical number indicates that the incumbent has previously held office.
  4. ^ States Reorganisation Act, 1956: Bombay State was enlarged by the addition of Saurashtra State and Kutch State, the Marathi-speaking districts of Nagpur Division of Madhya Pradesh and Marathwada region of Hyderabad State. The southernmost districts of the Bombay Presidency were transferred to Mysore State.[16]
  5. ^ Bombay state was dissolved to form the present-day states of Maharashtra and Gujarat by the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960, which was enacted by the Parliament of India on 25 April 1960 and came into effect on 1 May 1960.[3]
  6. ^ a b c Under Article 356 of the Constitution of India, in the event that a state government is unable to function according to constitutional provisions, the Central government can take direct control of the state machinery through the Governor. When President's rule is in force in a state, its council of ministers stands dissolved. The office of chief minister thus lies vacant. At times, the legislative assembly also stands dissolved.[19]
  7. ^ Fadnavis sworn in as CM on 23 November 2019 at 8:00 am and resigned on 26 November 2019 at 4:00 pm making him the CM with shortest tenure ever in the history of India.[28][29] Before him, Jagdambika Pal had the shortest tenure as chief minister. He was the CM of Uttar Pradesh for 44 hours from 21 to 23 February 1998 and both Fadnavis and Pal were from BJP.[30] P. K. Sawant from INC was the CM with shortest term before Fadnavis for Maharastra; became CM on 25 November 1963 and his tenure ended on 4 December 1963.[31]

References

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  1. ^ a b Durga Das Basu. Introduction to the Constitution of India. 1960. 20th Edition, 2011 Reprint. pp. 241, 245. LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur. ISBN 978-81-8038-559-9. Note: although the text talks about Indian state governments in general, it applies for the specific case of Maharashtra as well.
  2. ^ "Chavan elected to Legislative Council". @businessline. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  3. ^ a b "The Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960" (PDF). India Code - Digital Repository of Legislation. 25 April 1960. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2018.
  4. ^ "Before Jayalalithaa, 16 chief ministers who died in office". The Indian Express. 7 December 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  5. ^ "Jayalalithaa is dead: Here are other chief ministers who died while still in office - Firstpost". firstpost.com. 7 December 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  6. ^ "Down but not out". The Telegraph India. 10 July 2011. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014.
  7. ^ Palshikar, Suhas; Birmal, Nitin; Ghotale, Vivek (2010). "Coalitions in Maharashtra Political fragmentation or Social Reconfiguration?" (PDF). Savitribai Phule Pune University.
  8. ^ "Indira Gandhi installed as president of break-away faction of Congress Party". India Today. 21 April 2015. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  9. ^ "Use of President's Rule peaked on February 17, 1980: Some facts". India Today. 17 February 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
  10. ^ "President's rule: 'Unprecedented but logical'". @businessline. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
  11. ^ "Maharashtra Political Crisis LIVE Updates: Eknath Shinde to be the next CM of Maharashtra, says Devendra Fadnavis". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
  12. ^ Desai, S. H. (1972). A critical study of the development of secondary education for girls in Gujarat its history and present day problems (PhD Thesis). Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda: Shodhganga : a reservoir of Indian theses @ INFLIBNET. pp. 411–420. hdl:10603/57937.
  13. ^ a b Bombay 1937-1938: A Review of the Administration of the Bombay Presidency. Mumbai: Government Central Press, Bombay. 1939. pp. 160–161.
  14. ^ "Chief Ministers (1937 to 2019)" (PDF). Maharashtra Legislature (in Marathi). Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  15. ^ "Forgotten fact: Most Mumbaiites are breaking the law when they grab a drink". 17 May 2015.
  16. ^ "The States Reorganisation Act, 1956" (PDF). India Code - Digital Repository of Legislations. 31 August 1956. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2018.
  17. ^ "Explained: How Gujarat, Maharashtra came into being". The Indian Express. 1 May 2019. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  18. ^ Palshikar, Suhas; Birmal, Nitin; Ghotale, Vivek (2010). "Coalitions in Maharashtra Political fragmentation or Social Reconfiguration?" (PDF). Savitribai Phule Pune University.
  19. ^ Amberish K. Diwanji. "A dummy's guide to President's rule". Rediff.com. 15 March 2005. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
  20. ^ "Information sought under RTI Act, 2005" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (Government of India). 27 June 2014. p. 7 of 14. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
  21. ^ "Proclamation of President's Rule" (PDF). Government of Maharashtra. 28 September 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
  22. ^ "Proclamation to revoke President's rule" (PDF). Government of Maharashtra. 30 October 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
  23. ^ The Hindu Net Desk (8 November 2019). "Devendra Fadnavis resigns, blames Shiv Sena for Maharashtra crisis". The Hindu.
  24. ^ "President's Rule imposed in Maharashtra, what now? - A first in Maha history". The Economic Times.
  25. ^ "President's Rule Revoked in Maharashtra at 5:47 am". NDTV.com.
  26. ^ "Devendra Fadnavis first Maharashtra CM to resign twice in one-month period". The Indian Express. 27 October 2019. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  27. ^ "Devendra Fadnavis, Maharashtra Chief Minister For 80 Hours, Quits". NDTV. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
  28. ^ "Why Was Devendra Fadnavis Maharashtra CM For Just 80 Hours? BJP MP Answers". HuffPost. 2 December 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  29. ^ "After 80 hours as Maharashtra CM, Fadnavis submits resignation to governor". Live Mint. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  30. ^ "Only 80 hrs: Devendra Fadnavis becomes Maharashtra CM with shortest tenure ever". India Today. 26 November 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  31. ^ "Maharashtra: Only 80 hours – Fadnavis now CM for shortest tenure in state history". The Indian Express. 27 November 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  32. ^ "Maharashtra Political Crisis Live Updates: Eknath Shinde to be new Maharashtra CM, Fadnavis to stay out of govt". The Indian Express. 30 June 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
 
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