Vehicle registration plates of Virginia

The U.S. state of Virginia first required its residents to register their motor vehicles and display license plates in 1906. As of 2022, plates are issued by the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). Front and rear plates are required for most classes of vehicles, while only rear plates are required for motorcycles and trailers.

Virginia
Current series
SloganVirginia is for Lovers
Size12 in × 6 in
30 cm × 15 cm
MaterialAluminum
Serial formatABC-1234
IntroducedMarch 2014 (2014-03)
Availability
Issued byVirginia Department of Motor Vehicles
History
First issuedJune 1906 (1906-06)

Motor vehicle registration statistics

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As of 2008, the DMV has 7,698,416 active registrations, 1,696,795 (22%) of which are special or personalized plates.[1] One out of every ten personalized license plates in the United States is registered to a Virginia driver.[2] The high take-up of vanity plates in the state is arguably due to the fact that, unlike in many other states, a personalized plate in Virginia costs just $10 more than a randomly-assigned registration plate. In 2008, 1,624,146 pairs of license plates were sold, with 831,361 of them being personalized plates.[3]

Passenger baseplates

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1906 to 1972

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In 1956, the United States, Canada, and Mexico came to an agreement with the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, the Automobile Manufacturers Association and the National Safety Council that standardized the size for license plates for vehicles (except those for motorcycles) at 6 inches (15 cm) in height by 12 inches (30 cm) in width, with standardized mounting holes.[4] The first Virginia license plate that complied with these standards was issued eight years beforehand, in 1948.

No slogans were used on passenger plates during the period covered by this subsection.

Image Dates issued Design Serial format Serials issued Notes
  1906–10 White serial on black porcelain plate; "VA" at right 1234 1 to approximately 4500
  1910 Red serial on white porcelain plate; "VA. 1910" at right 1234 1 to approximately 2600 First dated plate. Issued only from June 15 through December 31, 1910.[5]
  1911 White serial on blue porcelain plate; "VA. 1911" at right 1234 101 to approximately 4000
  1912 White serial on green porcelain plate, "VA. 1912" at right 1234 101 to approximately 6000
  1913 White serial on maroon porcelain plate; "VA 1913" at right 1234 1 to approximately 9000
  1914 Embossed dark blue serial on white plate; "VA 1914" at right 12345 1 to approximately 14000 First embossed plate.
  1915 Embossed white serial on dark green plate; "VA 1915" at right 12345 1 to approximately 21000
  1916 Embossed dark blue serial on orange plate; "VA 1916" at right 12345 1 to approximately 35000
  1917 Embossed white serial on black plate with border line; "VA 1917" at right 12345 1 to approximately 52000
  1918 Embossed black serial on white plate with border line; "VA 1918" at right 12345 1 to approximately 71000
  1919 Embossed white serial on black plate with border line; "VA 1919" at right 12345 1 to approximately 88000
  1920 Embossed white serial on dark green plate with border line; "VA 20" at right 123456 1 to approximately 126000
  1921 Embossed black serial on orange plate with border line; "VA 21" at right 123-456 1 to approximately 146-000
  1922 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate; white lines at top and bottom borders; "VA 22" at right 123456 1 to approximately 145000
  1923 Embossed white serial on dark green plate; white lines at top and bottom borders; "VA 23" at right 123456 1 to approximately 189000
  1924 Embossed white serial on red plate; "VIRGINIA - 24" centered at top 123456 1 to approximately 217000 Manufactured in New Jersey to the same design as that state's 1924 plates. First use of the full state name.
  1925 Embossed black serial on white plate with border line; "VIRGINIA - 1925" at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 235-000
  1926 Embossed golden yellow serial on dark blue plate with border line; "VIRGINIA - 26" centered at top 123-456 1 to approximately 273-000
  1927 Embossed red serial on green plate with border line; "VIRGINIA - 27" at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 293-000
  1928 Embossed orange serial on black plate with border line; "VIRGINIA · 1928" centered at top 123-456 1 to approximately 317-000
  1929 Embossed black serial on orange plate with border line; "VIRGINIA · 1929" centered at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 321-000
  1930 Embossed orange serial on black plate with border line; "VIRGINIA · 1930" centered at top 123-456 1 to approximately 349-000
  1931 Embossed black serial on orange plate with border line; "VIRGINIA · 1931" centered at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 368-000
  1932 Embossed white serial on black plate with border line; "VIRGINIA · 1932" centered at top 123-456 1 to approximately 376-000
  1933 Embossed black serial on white plate; "VIRGINIA - 1933" at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 334-000
  1934 Embossed white serial on black plate; "VIRGINIA - 1934" at top 123-456 1 to approximately 337-000
  1935 Embossed black serial on white plate; "VIRGINIA - 1935" at top 123-456 1 to approximately 335-000
  1936 Embossed orange serial on dark blue plate; "VIRGINIA - 1936" at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 360-000
  1937 Embossed white serial on black plate; "VIRGINIA - 1937" at top 123-456 1 to approximately 375-000
  1938 Embossed black serial on white plate; "VIRGINIA - 1938" at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 388-000
  1939 Embossed white serial on black plate; "VIRGINIA - 1939" at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 402-000
  1940 Embossed black serial on white plate; "1940 - VIRGINIA" at top 123-456 1 to approximately 438-000
  1941 Embossed white serial on black plate; "19 - VIRGINIA - 41" at top 123-456 1 to approximately 491-000
 
 
1942–43 Embossed black serial on white plate; "VIRGINIA - 1942" at top 123-456 1 to approximately 524-000 Revalidated for 1943 with black tabs, due to metal conservation for World War II.
  1944 Embossed black serial on yellow plate; "1944 - VA" centered at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 468-000
  1945 Embossed black serial on white plate; "19 - VIRGINIA - 45" at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 475-000
  1946 Embossed white serial on black plate; "VIRGINIA - 1946" at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 524-000
  1947 Embossed black serial on unpainted aluminum plate; "19 VIRGINIA 47" at top 123-456 1 to approximately 567-000
  1948 Embossed white serial on black plate; "1948 VIRGINIA" at top 123-456 1 to approximately 642-000
  1949 Embossed black serial on unpainted aluminum plate; "VIRGINIA 1949" at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 698-000
  1950 Embossed white serial on black plate; "1950 VIRGINIA" at bottom 123-456 1 to approximately 783-000
 
 
1951–52 Embossed black serial on white plate; "19 VIRGINIA 51" at bottom 123-456 1 to 999-999 Revalidated for 1952 with black tabs, due to metal conservation for the Korean War.[6] Plates with serials A100-000 and up used narrower serial dies; this practice continued until 1969.[7]
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A145-000
  1953 Embossed orange serial on blue plate; "19 VIRGINIA 53" at top 123-456 1 to approximately 940-000
  1954 Embossed white serial on black plate; "VIRGINIA 1954" at top 123-456 1 to approximately 999-999
  1955 Embossed black serial on white plate; "1955 VIRGINIA" at bottom 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A122-000
  1956 Embossed white serial on black plate; "19 VIRGINIA 56" at bottom 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A178-000
  1957 Embossed black serial on white plate; "VIRGINIA 1957" at bottom 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A223-000
  1958 Embossed white serial on black plate; "1958 VIRGINIA" at top 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A232-000
  1959 Embossed black serial on white plate; "19 VIRGINIA 59" at top 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A259-000
  1960 Embossed white serial on black plate; "VIRGINIA 1960" at top 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A240-000
  1961 Embossed black serial on white plate; "1961 VIRGINIA" at bottom 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A273-000
  1962 Embossed white serial on black plate; "19 VIRGINIA 62" at bottom 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A344-000
  1963 Embossed black serial on white plate; "VIRGINIA 1963" at bottom 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A425-000
  1964 Embossed white serial on black plate; "1964 VIRGINIA" at top 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A504-000
  1965 Embossed black serial on white plate; "19 VIRGINIA 65" at top 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A545-000
  1966 Embossed white serial on black plate; "VIRGINIA 1966" at top 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A626-000
  1967 Embossed black serial on white plate; "1967 VIRGINIA" at bottom 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A700-000
  1968 Embossed white serial on black plate; "19 VIRGINIA 68" at bottom 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A788-000
  1969 Embossed black serial on white plate; "VIRGINIA 1969" at bottom 123-456 1 to 999-999 All plates now used the narrower serial dies introduced on the 1951–52 base.[7]
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A857-000
  1970 Embossed white serial on black plate; "1970 VIRGINIA" at top 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to approximately A966-000
 
 
1971 Embossed black serial on white plate, with or without border line; "19 VIRGINIA 71" at top 123-456 1 to 999-999
A123-456 A-100 to
A999-999
ABC 123 AAA 001 to AAD 999
B12-345 B-1 to approximately B54-000
  1972 Embossed white serial on black plate with border line; "VIRGINIA 1972" at top ABC-123 AAA-001 to DZZ-999 Letters I, O and Q not used in serials; this practice continues today (except 1988–92).[8]

1973 to present

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Image Dates issued Design Slogan Serial format Serials issued Notes
  1973–79 Embossed blue serial on white plate with border line; "VIRGINIA" centered at top none ABC-123 AAA-101 to NZZ-999;
SAA-101 to SZZ-999
Revalidated with stickers until 1984. 'P' series of serials reserved for light trucks, and 'R' series for rental cars (the latter practice continued until the late 1990s).[9]
  1979–92 Embossed dark blue serial on reflective white plate with border line; "Virginia" screened in blue centered at top none ABC-123 AAA-101 to ZZZ-999 (see right) Still currently revalidated. Serials UAA-101 through ZZZ-999 issued first, followed by AAA-101 through SZZ-999 as 1973–79 plates were invalidated, then (from 1988) all serials with I, O, Q and T as the first letter, and finally (from 1990) all remaining serials with I, O or Q as the second and/or third letters (beginning with AAI-101 and ending with ZZQ-999).[8]
  1993 Embossed dark blue serial on reflective white plate; "Virginia" screened in blue centered at top none ABC-1234 ZZZ-9999 to approximately ZXX-1000 Serials progressed backwards, presumably due to the serials on the optional Scenic plate (see Optional plates below) progressing forward from AAA-1000.
  1993 – June
2002
As above, but with state name in all capital letters ZXW-9999 to approximately XYN-1000
  July
2002 – early
2003
Embossed dark blue serial on reflective white plate; "VIRGINIA" screened in blue centered at top "400th Anniversary" in red centered at bottom, with a red ship graphic between the two words, plus "1607" to the left and "2007" to the right ABC-1234 Exclusively from JAA-1000 to JAX-9999; intermittently from JAY-1000 to JDC-9999 Issued in advance of the 400th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in North America. Serials progressed forward from the start of the 'J' series (presumably for Jamestown). The slogan was originally printed on a white sticker, before it started to be screened directly onto the plate at around the JAM series.[8]
  October 2002 – June
2006
As above, but with state name in red Intermittently from JAY-1000 to JDC-9999; exclusively from JDD-1000 to KCW-9999
  June
2006 – December 2007
Embossed dark blue serial on reflective white plate; "VIRGINIA" screened in red centered at top; Jamestown 400th Anniversary logo screened at bottom left and "2007" at bottom right "JAMESTOWN" screened in blue and "AMERICA'S 400TH ANNIVERSARY" in red, both centered at bottom ABC-1234 KCX-1000 to KNP-9999
  January 2008 – February 2014 Embossed dark blue serial on reflective white plate; "VIRGINIA" screened in blue centered at top none ABC-1234 XXP-9999 to approximately WJZ-1000 Return to 1993 base. Serials progressed backwards as before.
  March 2014 – present "VIRGINIA IS FOR LOVERS" screened in black, plus a red heart for the second 'V', centered at bottom VAA-1000 to VZZ-9999; UZZ-9999 to TGX-5425 (as of August 2024) Serials progressed forward through the 'V' series (presumably for Virginia), then backwards through the 'U' and 'T' series.

Non-passenger plates

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Image Type First issued Design Serial format Serials issued Notes
  Disabled person 1993 blue on reflective white with blue screened state name Embossed International Symbol of Access at left.
  Motorcycle 1975 Embossed dark blue serial on non-reflective white plate with border line; "VA." centered at top 123456 1 to approximately 370000
  1979 As above, but reflective 370001 to approximately 960000
  1992 As above, but without border line 960001 to 999999, then 10001 to 960000
2018 A12345
12345A
Z10001 to Z99999; W10001 to W99999; 10001W to 79606W (as of September 23, 2023)

Optional plates

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Virginia offers 333 optional license plates.[1] Most can be personalized for an additional fee.

Image Type Dates issued Design Serial format Serials issued Notes
  Independence Bicentennial 1975–82 Embossed blue serial on reflective white plate with border line; blue bust of George Washington and thirteen red stars (representing the original colonies) screened in the center; "Virginia" and "1776 Independence Bicentennial 1976" screened in red centered at top and bottom respectively 123-456 100-001 to
500-000
Still currently revalidated.
  Scenic July 1992 – present Embossed dark blue serial on reflective graphic plate with pale blue sky, light blue mountains, green fields, yellow sand and light blue sea; "VIRGINIA" screened in blue centered at top ABC-1234 AAA-1000 to AFA-4164 (as of July 31, 2023)
  Autumn Leaves May – October 1997 Embossed dark blue serial on reflective white plate; ten orange and yellow gradient leaves behind serial; "Virginia" screened in black centered at top 1234-ABC 1000-AAA to approximately 9999-AAD Revised design introduced in response to visibility concerns surrounding the original design.[10]
  October 1997 – present As above, but with leaves around edge of plate 1000-BAA to 1300-BBL (as of January 3, 2019)
  Patriot May 1997 – present Similar to passenger base, but with Revolutionary War fifer graphic at right 123ABC 101AAA to 199AEK (as of February 7, 2016)
  George Washington Bicentennial 1999 to ? Dark blue on Flag of the United States with image of Washington. 1234WB 1001WB to ? Awarded "Plate of the Year" for best new license plate of 1999 by the Automobile License Plate Collectors Association, the first and, to date, only time Virginia has been so honored.

Temporary plates

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Type codes

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Code Prefix Suffix
AA cardinal
AB cardinal I'm Animal Friendly
AC cardinal Averett University
(Averett College prior to 2001)
AD cardinal
AE cardinal Virginia Aviation
AG cardinal
AH cardinal Antique (blue/yellow)
AJ cardinal
AK cardinal Alpha Kappa Alpha
Apportioned Permanent
AL Antique (blue/yellow) Fight Terrorism (A/L)
AM Texas A&M University
AN Fight Terrorism (A/N)
AP Appalachian State University Alpha Phi Alpha
Appalachian Trail
AQ Antique (blue/yellow)
AS National Air and Space Museum
AT Antique (blue/yellow) Virginians for the Arts
AU Auburn University
AW Antique (blue/yellow)
AX Alexandria
AY Antique (blue/yellow)
BA Wildlife Conservationist − bass
BB
BC Bridgewater College Breast Cancer
BD Wildlife Conservationist − bear
BE Protect Pollinators
BF Bluefield College Tiger Swallowtail - State Insect
BG Airborne (173 ABN BDE Sky Soldiers)
BH Tiger Swallowtail - State Insect
BI Share the Road
BJ Protect Wildlife
BN cardinal Wildlife Conservationist − bluebird
BQ Antique (blue/yellow)
BR Blue Ridge Community College Blue Ridge Parkway
BT Wildlife Conservationist − brook trout
BU BoatUS
BV cardinal
BW Bowler
BZ Bronze Star Bronze Star - Valor
CB Chesapeake
CC Commonwealth College
CD I'm Animal Friendly
CF cardinal Clean Special Fuel
CG U.S. Coast Guard
CH Chesterfield County
CJ Virginia Railway Heritage
CL Remember the USS Cole
Choose Life
CM Friends of Coal
CN Combat Infantryman
CP Washington Capitals
CR Credit Unions
CT Clean Special Fuel
CU Clemson University
CV Sons of Confederate Veterans
CW Colonial Williamsburg
CX cardinal Clean Special Fuel
CY Clean Special Fuel Clean Special Fuel
CZ cardinal
DB Drive Out Diabetes
DC Danville Community College
DK Duke University
DL Dabney S. Lancaster Community College
DR Drive Smart
DU Ducks Unlimited
DY cardinal
EB Protect Pollinators
EC Lineman East Carolina University
ED Education Begins at Home
EE Mountain Empire Community College
EG Wildlife Conservationist − bald eagle
EH Wildlife Conservationist − bald eagle
EJ cardinal
EM Eastern Mennonite University
EN cardinal
EP cardinal
ER Germanna Community College
ES Eastern Shore
ET Eastern Shore
EW cardinal
EY cardinal
FB Franchised Motorcycle Dealer Tiger Swallowtail - State Insect
FD Fight Terrorism (F/D)
FG cardinal Virginia Farms
FK cardinal
FL Wildflowers
FM Franchised Motor Home Dealer
FP Fraternal Order of Police
FS Florida State University
FT Fight Terrorism (F/T)
FW Veterans of Foreign Wars
FX Foxhunting
FY cardinal
FZ cardinal
GA cardinal Greyhound Adoption
GL Freemason
GM George Mason University
GO U.S. Army
GS Gold Star (G/S)
GT Georgia Tech
GU Georgetown University
GV cardinal Stop Gun Violence
GX cardinal
HA Virginia Children's Trust Fund — Hand
HC Hollins University
(Hollins College prior to 1998)
HD Harley Owners Group
HE Horse Enthusiast
HI Ohio State University
HM In God We Trust
HN Horse Enthusiast
HS Hampden-Sydney
HT Virginia Children's Trust Fund — Heart
HV Horse Enthusiast
HZ In God We Trust
IC Internet Capital
ID Independent Dealer
JB Parrotheads
JD Parrotheads
JM James Madison University — Seal James Madison University — Athletics
JR James River Park System
JS J. S. Reynolds Community College
JV cardinal
JY cardinal
KC Knights of Columbus
KF Kids First
KG Kids First
KP cardinal
KV Korean War Veteran
KW Eyes on the Road
KX cardinal
KY cardinal
LB

Liberty University

LC Lynchburg College
LD Lighthouses
LE General Robert E. Lee
LF Lighthouses
LG Lighthouses
LH Alzheimer's Association
LI Lighthouses
LJ Lighthouses
LK Lighthouses
LM Lighthouses
LP Lighthouses
LR NASA Langley Research Center
LT Lighthouses
LU Liberty University
LV Lions of Virginia
LW Longwood University Police - Heroes Live Forever
LX Lord Fairfax Community College
LY cardinal
MA Lighthouses
MC Virginia Commonwealth University — Seal
United We Stand
ME Lighthouses
MG Lighthouses
MH cardinal University of Michigan
MI Lighthouses
ML Marine Corps League
MM Meg's Miles
MO Move Over
MP cardinal
MR US Marine Corps
MS Marshall University
MU cardinal Marymount University
MV Move Over
MX cardinal
MY Support Our Troops
NA Oceana Naval Air Station
NB Natural Bridge
NC cardinal
ND University of Notre Dame
NE Natural Bridge
NF Nurses
NH cardinal
NJ cardinal
NK cardinal
NL cardinal Donate Life
NN cardinal Northern Neck
NO Northern Neck
NR Naval Reserve National Rifle Association
NS Newport News Shipbuilding
NT Washington Nationals
NV Northern Virginia Community College Naval Aviator
NX cardinal
NY cardinal United States Navy
NZ cardinal
OD Old Dominion University
PC Paul D. Camp Community College Peace Begins at Home
PD Fight Terrorism (P/D)
PF Professional Firefighter Professional Firefighter
PH Purple Heart
PK cardinal
PL cardinal
PN Poquoson
PO Poquoson
PS Penn State University Virginia Community Peacebuilding
PT Fight Terrorism (P/T)
PV Piedmont Virginia Community College
PZ In God We Trust
RD Washington Redskins
RM Randolph–Macon College — Seal
RN Ruritan National
RU Radford University
RW Randolph–Macon's Woman College
RY Rotary International
SB Sweet Briar College
SC University of South Carolina
SF US Marine Corps Surfrider Foundation
SL Protect Sea Life
Silver Star
SM Smith Mountain Lake
SN Shenandoah National Park
SP Special Forces Association
SR Shriner
ST Virginia Children's Trust Fund — Star
SU Shenandoah University
TD Tidewater Community College
TE Don't Tread on Me
TG Don't Tread on Me
TH Tobacco Heritage
TI Friends of Tibet
TJ Don't Tread on Me
TK Wildlife Conservationist − turkey
TM Don't Tread on Me
TN 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard)
University of Tennessee
TP Don't Tread on Me
TR Don't Tread on Me
TS Don't Tread on Me
TU Don't Tread on Me
TX Don't Tread on Me
UA cardinal Unlocking Autism
UB War of 1812
UE Don't Tread on Me
UF University of Florida
UG Don't Tread on Me
UH Don't Tread on Me
UJ cardinal Don't Tread on Me
UL cardinal Don't Tread on Me
UM cardinal University of Maryland
UN University of North Carolina
UP United We Stand
UQ Don't Tread on Me
UR University of Richmond — Spider University of Richmond — Crest
US United We Stand
UT Don't Tread on Me
UU cardinal Don't Tread on Me
UV University of Virginia
UW cardinal United We Stand
UX cardinal Don't Tread on Me
UY cardinal Don't Tread on Me
UZ cardinal
VA Virginians for the Arts
VB Virginia Beach Virginia Beach
VE cardinal
VG cardinal
VH Virginia Highlands Community College
VJ cardinal
VM Virginia Military Institute
VP State Parks Virginia Tech - Mountains
VR Virginia Realtors
VT Virginia Tech Iraqi Freedom Veteran
VU Virginia Union University
VV Vietnam Veterans of America Vietnam Veteran
VX cardinal
VY cardinal
VZ cardinal
WA Williamsburg 300th Anniversary
WB George Washington Bicentennial
WD cardinal Wildlife Conservationist − white-tailed deer
WF Wallops Flight Facility
WG Williamsburg 300th Anniversary
WH cardinal
WI Wildlife Conservationist − white-tailed deer
WL Wildlife Conservationist − mallard
WN cardinal
WP United States Military Academy
WZ cardinal
XA Don't Tread on Me
XB Don't Tread on Me
XC Don't Tread on Me
XD Don't Tread on Me
XE Don't Tread on Me
XF Don't Tread on Me
XG Don't Tread on Me
XH Don't Tread on Me
XJ Don't Tread on Me
XK Don't Tread on Me
XL Don't Tread on Me
XM Don't Tread on Me
XN Don't Tread on Me
XP Don't Tread on Me
XR Don't Tread on Me
XS Don't Tread on Me
YJ Randolph–Macon College — Athletics
ZA cardinal
ZD cardinal
ZE Permanent Trailer
ZF cardinal
ZH cardinal
ZK cardinal
ZL cardinal
ZN cardinal
ZP cardinal
ZR cardinal
ZS cardinal
ZT cardinal
ZU cardinal
ZV cardinal
ZW cardinal
ZY cardinal
ZZ cardinal

References

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  1. ^ Special and Personalized License Plates Report, accessed March 29, 2009
  2. ^ "Va. drivers vainest of them all with their plates". NBC News. 2007-11-12. Retrieved 2024-06-12.
  3. ^ DMV Business Profile, accessed March 29, 2009
  4. ^ Garrish, Christopher (October 2016). "Reconsidering the Standard Plate Size". Plates. Vol. 62, no. 5. Automobile License Plate Collectors Association.
  5. ^ Taylor, Eric Robert. "Virginia Archive". PorcelainPlates.net. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
  6. ^ Pang, Andrew. "Virginia License Plates from 1906-". licensepl8s.com. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  7. ^ a b Kretschmer, Rick. "Virginia Passenger Cars 1933-1972". Rick Kretschmer's License Plate Archives. Retrieved July 3, 2018.
  8. ^ a b c Tanner, Eric N. "Virginia Passenger License Plates". allaboutlicenseplates.com. Retrieved November 10, 2020.
  9. ^ Kretschmer, Rick. "Virginia Passenger Cars 1973-Present". Rick Kretschmer's License Plate Archives. Retrieved August 26, 2019.
  10. ^ Chernicky, David (September 23, 1997). "Autumn Leaves Fall Into Place On Plate". Daily Press. Newport News. Retrieved July 18, 2015.
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