HMCS Timmins was a Flower-class corvette of the Royal Canadian Navy that served during the battle of the Atlantic from 1942 to 1945. She was ordered from Yarrows Ltd. in Esquimalt, British Columbia and laid down on 14 December 1940. She was launched on 26 June 1941 and commissioned on 10 February 1942. She was named after the community of Timmins, Ontario.
 HMCS Timmins about 1943
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Canada | |
| Name | Timmins |
| Namesake | Timmins, Ontario |
| Builder | Yarrows Ltd., Esquimalt |
| Cost | $600,000 CAN |
| Laid down | 14 December 1940 |
| Launched | 26 June 1941 |
| Commissioned | 10 February 1942 |
| Decommissioned | 15 July 1945 |
| Identification | Pennant number: K223 |
| Honours and awards | Atlantic 1942–45[1] |
| Fate | Sold in 1948 as mercantile ship named Guayaquil. Lost on 3 August 1960 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Flower-class corvette (original)[2] |
| Displacement | 950 long tons (970 t; 1,060 short tons) |
| Length | 205 ft 1 in (62.51 m)o/a |
| Beam | 33 ft 1 in (10.08 m) |
| Draught | 13 ft 5 in (4.09 m) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed | 16 kn (30 km/h) |
| Range | 3,450 nautical miles at 12 knots (6,390 km at 22 km/h) |
| Complement | 85 (6 officers) |
| Sensors and processing systems |
|
| Armament |
|
| Notes | 1940–1941 Short Forecastle Program[3] |
She was lightly armed with a 4-inch gun and a 2-pounder naval gun. She used depth charges for anti-submarine warfare. She was crewed by a complement of 85 sailors and 6 officers. Her unofficial badge was a smug cat clutching a U-boat in its paw.
For the first six months she performed coastal defense duties on the west coast. In October 1942 she was ordered to the east coast travelling via the Panama Canal. From November 1942 to July 1945 she escorted convoys with the Western Local Escort Force which operated from New York City to St. John's, Newfoundland. In November 1942, Timmins was assigned to escort convoy ON145. On 21 November the convoy was attacked by U-518. The U-boat torpedoed and sank the British merchant Empire Sailor. Timmins along with HMCS Minas rescued 42 survivors from the ship. She was decommissioned on 15 July 1945. In 1948 she was sold off and turned into a mercantile freighter called Guayaquil. She was reported lost on 3 August 1960.
Description
editTimmins was laid down by Yarrows Ltd. on 14 December 1940 and completed 6 months and 12 days later on 26 June 1941. Total cost for construction was about $600,000 CAN. She was commissioned for active duty on 11 September 1941.[4]
Design
editTimmins was part of a second order of corvettes commissioned by the Royal Canadian Navy. After the crisis of 1940 six additional ships were ordered. She was identical to the original corvettes except that she had no minesweeping gear and her bridge wings were extended. She had an overall length of 205 ft 1 in (62.51 m) and was 33 ft 1 in (10.08 m) at her widest point. She had a draught of 13 ft 5 in (4.09 m) and weighed 950 long tons (970 t; 1,060 short tons).
She was powered by a pair of Scotch marine boilers and was driven by a single screw, triple expansion reciprocating engine of 2,750 ihp (2,050 kW) which gave her a top speed of 16 knots (30 km/h). She had a capacity of 230 tons of fuel which gave her a maximum range of 3,450 nautical miles (6,390 km) cruising at a speed of 12 knots (22 km/h).
Like most corvettes, Timmins was installed with a Type 123A ASDIC detection system. This technology was designed in 1934 for armed trawlers and minesweepers of the Royal Navy. The system was outdated but was the best system available to the Canadian Navy at the time. Type 123A could detect the distance to underwater sounds but could not determine the depth.[5]
Armament
editTimmins was armed with one 4-inch (102 mm) gun forward and a 2-pounder pom-pom gun mounted aft. Twin 0.5 in (12.7 mm) Vickers machine guns were mounted in the aft gun tub for air defence. Depth charges were used for anti-submarine warfare which were rolled from the stern through two ports or thrown from four launchers near the stern.[6]
Crew
editTimmins was built for a crew of 85 including 6 officers and the commanding officer. She was commanded by eight different officers, one of whom was J.H.S. MacDonald who also commanded HMCS Windflower and HMCS Fredericton.[7][8]
Badge
editMany Canadian naval ships of World War II adopted an unofficial coat of arms. The badge that Timmins chose was displayed on the front of the bridge and was a stylized smug cat clutching a U-boat in its paw.[9]
Service
editTimmins was launched in February 1942 and was initially assigned to the Pacific Coast Command based in Esquimalt, BC. In October 1942 she along with five other corvettes were transferred to the east coast travelling via the Panama Canal. Seaman Robert MacDonald who was travelling with the group on HMCS Dundas reported that wireless transmission picked up significantly which was a far cry from the relative quiet on the west coast and it took a while to become accustomed to the increased chatter.[10]
After arriving on the East Coast in November 1942, Timmins was assigned to the Western Local Escort Force (WLEF) where she escorted convoys between New York City and Halifax, Nova Scotia as far as St. John's, Newfoundland. On 21 November 1942 while escorting Convoy ON 145 off the south coast of Newfoundland, the convoy was attacked by German submarine U-518. The U-boat torpedoed and sunk the British merchant Empire Sailor. Timmins along with HMCS Minas rescued 42 survivors from the ship.[11]
In July 1944 she underwent a four-month refit where her forecastle was extended. After the refit she continued operations with WLEF until the end of the war. She was decommissioned in July 1945 and anchored at Sorel, Quebec for disposal.
In 1948 she was sold as a mercantile carrier and renamed Guayaquil. She was registered under a Honduran flag of convenience. She served in this capacity until 3 August 1960 when she foundered and sank off the coast of Ecuador.[12]
Convoy record summary
edit| Description | Time Period | Convoys Escorted[13][note 1] | Ports visited |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pacific Coast Command | Feb. 1942 – Sep. 1942 | Esquimalt, BC | |
| Transit from West to East Coast | Oct. 1942 | Esquimalt, BC, Halifax, NS | |
| Western Local Escort Force | Nov. 1942 – June 1944 | ON139, HX214, ON144, SC109, ON145, HX218, ON153, SC113, ON161, HX222, ON162, HX223, ON168, HX227, SC120, ON172, ON176, HX232, ON177, ON181, HX237, HX241, HX242, ON187, SC143, ONS20, SC144, XB80 ONS22, ONS24, SC146, XB84, ONS26, SC148, SC150, XB88, ON220, XB92, HX278, ON223, ON225, HX283, ON228, HX286, ON232, SC157, HX292, ON236, HX294, ON240 | New York City, Halifax, St. John's |
| First refit | July 1944 – Sept. 1944 | Liverpool, Nova Scotia | |
| Western Local Escort Force | Oct. 1944 – May 1945 | HX316, ONS36, HX326, ON272, HX330, ONS40, BX144, HX338, ON284, HX342, HX344, ONS44, XB154, BX154, HX349, HX353, ON295, ON298, ON301 | New York City, Halifax, St. John's |
References
editNotes
edit- ^ Convoys are listed in chronological order.
Citations
edit- ^ "Battle Honours". Britain's Navy. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
- ^ Lenton, p. 214.
- ^ Macpherson, Milner, pp. 127, 129.
- ^ Macpherson, Milner, p. 21.
- ^ Hackmann, pp. 214-5.
- ^ "HMCS Timmins: Canadian Navy Heritage Project: Ship Technical Information". Retrieved 27 January 2012.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Lynch, p.66.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "HMCS Fredericton (K245)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
- ^ "The Badge Project". CFB Esquimalt Naval & Military Museum. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 11 March 2012.
- ^ Johnston, pp. 163.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "HMCS Timmins (K 223)". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
- ^ Macpherson, Milner, p. 126.
- ^ "Arnold Hague Convoy Database". Arnold Hague. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
Works cited
edit- Johnston, Mac. (2008). Corvettes Canada, Convoy Veterans of WWII Tell Their True Stories. Mississauga, ON:John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. ISBN 978-0470154298.
- Lenton, H.T. and Colledge, J.J., eds. (1968). British and Dominion warships of World War II. New York, NY:Doubleday and Company.
- Lynch, Thomas J. (1982). Canada's Flowers. Halifax, NS:Nimbus Publishing. ISBN 978-0920852156.
- MacPherson, Ken and Milner, Marc. (1993). Corvettes of the Royal Canadian Navy, 1939-1945. St. Catharines, ON:Vanwell Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-0920277836.