Gresik Regency

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Gresik Regency (older spelling: Grissee, Javanese: ꦒꦽꦱꦶꦏ꧀) is a regency within East Java Province of Indonesia. As well as a large part of the northern and western suburbs of the city of Surabaya, it includes the offshore Bawean Island, some 125 km to the north of Java and Madura. Almost a third of the Gresik Regency's area is the coastal area; the Districts in this zone are Kebomas District, (part of) Gresik District, Manyar District, Bungah District, and Ujungpangkah District.

Gresik Regency
Kabupaten Gresik
Regional transcription(s)
 • Javaneseꦒꦽꦱꦶꦏ꧀
 • Pegonڮرٓسيك
Port of Petrokimia Gresik and Gresik settlements
Port of Petrokimia Gresik and Gresik settlements
Official seal of Gresik Regency
Motto(s): 
Satya Bina Kertaharja
(Firm on building the well-being)


Gresik Berhias Iman (government brands)
Location within East Java
Location within East Java
Map
Interactive map outlining Gresik Regency
Gresik Regency is located in Java
Gresik Regency
Gresik Regency
Location in Java and Indonesia
Gresik Regency is located in Indonesia
Gresik Regency
Gresik Regency
Gresik Regency (Indonesia)
Coordinates: 7°9′14″S 112°39′22″E / 7.15389°S 112.65611°E / -7.15389; 112.65611
Country Indonesia
ProvinceEast Java
CapitalGresik
Government
 • RegentH. Fandi Akhmad Yani S.E.
 • Vice RegentAminatun Habibah
Area
 • Total1,191.26 km2 (459.95 sq mi)
Population
 (mid 2023 estimate)[1]
 • Total1,296,688
 • Density1,100/km2 (2,800/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+7 (IWST)
Area code(+62) 31
Websitegresikkab.go.id

The regency covers and an area of 1,191.26 km2, and it had a population of 1,177,042 at the 2010 Census[2] and 1,311,215 at the 2020 Census;[3] the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 1,296,688 (comprising 651,463 males and 645,225 females).[1] The regency's administrative centre is the town of Gresik, about 25 km to the northwest of Surabaya. Gresik Regency (excluding Bawean Island) is also part of Gerbangkertosusila, the metropolitan region of Surabaya.

Etymology edit

Thomas Stamford Raffles in his book, The History of Java, reveals that the name of Gresik comes from the word Giri Gisik, which means "mountain near the coast", referring to the hilly topography of the Gresik town center near the coast.[4]

History edit

Since the 11th century, Gresik has become an international trade center visited by many nations such as, Chinese, Arabs, Champa and Gujaratis. Gresik Regency is also the first entry point for Islam in Java, which among others is marked by the existence of ancient Islamic tombs from Sheikh Maulana Malik Ibrahim and Fatimah bint Maimun.[5] Gresik has become one of the main ports and trade cities that are quite important since the 14th century, as well as being a haven for ships from Maluku to Sumatra and mainland Asia (including India and Persia). This continued until the VOC era.[6]

The port of Gresik-Djaratan has functioned as an important commercial center since the eleventh century, trading with merchants from as far away as China, India, and Arabia. Some of these traders helped spread Islam in the area. In 1487 Sunan Giri, also known as Sultan Ainul Yaqin, began to rule Gresik. In his 1515 book, Suma Oriental, the Portuguese apothecary and traveller Tomé Pires described Gresik as "the jewel of Java in trading ports".[7] Sunan Giri's descendants ruled the area for the following two centuries.

Initially the Gresik region was part of the Surabaya Regency. On 1 November 1974, the Central Government issued PP No. 38 of 1974. All government activities began to be gradually transferred to Gresik and the name was changed to Gresik Regency with a center of activity in Gresik town. Also in 1974 the Indonesian government made Gresik, now a suburb of Surabaya, part of Gerbangkertosusila Metropolitan Area, the official metropolitan region by the Government.[6]

21st-century Gresik edit

The town of Gresik has a reputation for its many coffee shops, called warkop (from warung kopi). In 2002, Petrokimia Putra (owned by PT Petrokimia Gresik), a soccer club from Gresik, has one national league title.

Administration edit

The Gresik Regency is divided into eighteen administrative districts (kecamatan). The districts are tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census[2] and the 2020 census,[3] together with the official estimates as at mid 2023.[1] The mid 2022 estimates were revised downwards from 1,332,664 to 1,291,538 ; this reduction was notably in the districts immediately adjoining Surabaya. The table also includes the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 329 rural desa and 27 urban kelurahan), and its post code.

Kode
Wilayah
Name of
District
(kecamatan)
Area
in
km2
Pop'n
census
2010
Pop'n
census
2020
Pop'n
estimate
mid 2023
No.
of
villages
Post
code
35.25.06 Wringinanom 62.62 65,411 72,845 72,672 16 61176
35.25.15 Driyorejo 51.29 120,149 122,743 104,402 16 61177
35.25.08 Kedamean 65.95 55,715 61,221 63,290 15 61175
35.25.13 Menganti 68.73 119,278 144,028 127,809 22 61174
35.25.11 Cerme 71.73 69,217 81,215 81,460 25 61171
35.25.04 Benjeng 61.26 57,336 62,845 65,612 23 61172
35.25.02 Balongpanggang 63.88 49,035 53,689 56,290 25 61173
35.25.05 Duduk Sampeyan 74.29 43,783 47,058 49,470 23 61162
35.25.14 Kebomas 30.06 106,259 118,589 112,068 21 (a) 61121
- 61124
35.25.16 Gresik 5.54 76,594 76,347 79,815 21 (b) 61111
- 61119
35.25.10 Manyar 95.42 109,949 119,338 118,437 23 61151
35.25.12 Bungah 79.44 57,689 65,298 68,201 22 61152
35.25.09 Sidayu 47.13 40,650 43,492 43,689 21 61153
35.25.01 Dukun 59.09 54,384 62,738 65,632 26 61155
35.25.03 Panceng 62.59 39,535 50,525 52,626 14 61156
35.25.07 Ujung Pangkah 94.82 41,828 48,955 51,760 13 61154
35.25.17 Sangkapura (c) 118.72 45,755 50,612 53,122 17 61181
35.25.18 Tambak (c) 78.70 24,475 29,677 30,333 13 61182
Totals 1,191.26 1,177,042 1,311,215 1,296,688 356

Notes: (a) comprising 11 kelurahan (Gending, Gulomantung, Indro, Kawis Anyar, Kebomas, Ngargosari, Prambangan, Sidomoro, Sidomukti, Singosari and Tenggulunan) and 10 desa.
(b) comprising 16 kelurahan (Bedilan, Karangpoh, Karangturi, Kebungson, Kemuteran, Kroman, Lumpur, Ngipik, Pekauman, Pekelingan, Sidokumpul, Sukodono, Sukorame, Tlogopatut, Tlogopojok and Trate) and 5 desa.
(c) Sangkapura and Tambak districts together constitute the island of Pulau Bawean, lying to the north of Madura but administratively a part of Gresik Regency.

Industry edit

A large number of industries have established themselves in Gresik, mainly supporting agriculture and agricultural machinery. A lot of home-based industry exists, making caps (songkoks), bags, etc.

Two of the largest factories in Gresik are Semen Gresik (Gresik Portland Cement) and Petrokimia Gresik. Semen Gresik, the largest cement factory in Indonesia, supplies 41% of the Indonesian market; while Petrokimia Gresik, the most complete fertilizer producer in Indonesia, supplies 50% of national subsidized fertilizers.

Climate edit

Gresik has a humidity varying between 44% and 88%. The maximum humidity is 88% and the average humidity is 58%. The wind velocity of Gresik is within the range of 0–18 km/hour. The maximum wind velocity is 18 km/hour and the average is 12.6 km/hour. The temperature of this city is within the range of 23 °C-35 °C with the average temperature is 28.5 °C.

Climate data for Gresik, Gresik Regency (elevation 10 m or 33 ft)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 30.7
(87.3)
30.8
(87.4)
31
(88)
31.6
(88.9)
31.7
(89.1)
31.5
(88.7)
31.1
(88.0)
31.8
(89.2)
32.4
(90.3)
33.2
(91.8)
33.1
(91.6)
31.4
(88.5)
31.7
(89.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 27.2
(81.0)
27.2
(81.0)
27.2
(81.0)
27.6
(81.7)
27.5
(81.5)
27
(81)
26.6
(79.9)
26.9
(80.4)
27.5
(81.5)
28.6
(83.5)
28.7
(83.7)
27.6
(81.7)
27.5
(81.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 23.8
(74.8)
23.6
(74.5)
23.5
(74.3)
23.7
(74.7)
23.4
(74.1)
22.6
(72.7)
22.1
(71.8)
22.1
(71.8)
22.7
(72.9)
24.1
(75.4)
24.3
(75.7)
23.9
(75.0)
23.3
(74.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 300
(11.8)
267
(10.5)
263
(10.4)
169
(6.7)
123
(4.8)
63
(2.5)
37
(1.5)
18
(0.7)
23
(0.9)
52
(2.0)
129
(5.1)
242
(9.5)
1,686
(66.4)
Average relative humidity (%) 82.3 82.8 83.2 80.1 79 76 73.4 70.5 68.7 68.7 73 79.3 76.4
Source 1: Climate-Data.org (temp & precip)[8]
Source 2: Weatherbase (humidity)[9]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, Kabupaten Gresik Dalam Angka 2024 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3525)
  2. ^ a b Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  3. ^ a b Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
  4. ^ Raffles, Thomas Stamford (1817). The History of Java: In Two Volumes. Black, Parbury, and Allen : and John Murray.
  5. ^ Buku Potensi Pariwisata dan Produk Unggulan Jawa Timur, 2009
  6. ^ a b "Pemerintah Kabupaten Gresik - Sejarah". gresikkab.go.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2019-03-25.
  7. ^ Ricklefs, M.C. (1991). A History of Modern Indonesia since c. 1300 (2nd ed.). London: MacMillan. p. 39. ISBN 0-333-57689-6.
  8. ^ "Climate: Gresik, Gresik Regency". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
  9. ^ "Gresik, Indonesia". Weatherbase. Retrieved 25 March 2019.

Further reading edit

External links edit