Giovanni Antonio Guadagni

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Giovanni Antonio Guadagni, OCD (14 September 1674 – 15 January 1759), religious name Giovanni Antonio di San Bernardo – was an Italian Discalced Carmelite and cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.[1] His rise in the ranks became rapid after his maternal uncle became Pope Clement XII. He was soon after made a cardinal and served in various positions within the Roman Curia.[2][1]


Giovanni Antonio Guadagni
OCD
Vicar General of Rome
ChurchRoman Catholic Church
Appointed1 March 1732
Term ended15 January 1759
PredecessorProspero Marefoschi
SuccessorAntonio Maria Erba-Odescalchi
Other post(s)
Previous post(s)
Orders
Ordination11 March 1702
Consecration31 December 1724
by Lorenzo Corsini
Created cardinal24 September 1731
by Pope Clement XII
Rank
  • Cardinal-Priest (1731-50)
  • Cardinal-Bishop (1750-59)
Personal details
Born
Giovanni Antonio Guadagni

(1674-09-14)14 September 1674
Died15 January 1759(1759-01-15) (aged 84)
Rome, Papal States
BuriedSanta Maria della Scala
Coat of armsGiovanni Antonio Guadagni OCD's coat of arms
Ordination history of
Giovanni Antonio Guadagni
History
Priestly ordination
Date11 March 1702
PlaceFlorence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Episcopal consecration
Principal consecratorLorenzo Corsini
Co-consecratorsPier Luigi Carafa
Filippo Carlo Spada
Date31 December 1724
PlaceSanta Maria della Scala, Rome, Papal States
Cardinalate
Elevated byPope Clement XII
Date24 September 1731
Episcopal succession
Bishops consecrated by Giovanni Antonio Guadagni as principal consecrator
Severino Antonio Missini22 June 1732
Federico Alamanni25 July 1732
Carlo Ronchi21 December 1732
Francesco Guidi25 January 1733
Sigismondo Tudisi6 September 1733
João da Madre de Deus Seixas da Fonseca Borges, O.S.B.4 October 1733
Giacomo Beni22 November 1733
Serafino Cenci26 December 1733
Giacomo Lanfredini4 April 1734
Gaetano Calvani11 April 1734
Carlo Filippo Incontri16 May 1734
Dominico Laymo11 July 1734
Vincent Cossovich8 December 1734
Giuseppe Suares de la Concha30 January 1735
Vincenzo Maria Diedo11 April 1735
Alberico Simonetta9 October 1735
Francesco De Novellis4 December 1735
Gaetano d'Arco4 December 1735
Francesco Maria Ginori4 March 1736
Claudio Domenico Albini19 March 1736
Balthasar Maria Remondini19 March 1736
Luca Melchiore Tempi15 April 1736
Andreas Vinditti12 May 1737
Francesco Lanfreschi30 June 1737
Francesco Gaetano Incontri11 May 1738
Melchiorre Delfico11 May 1738
Giovanni Andrea Schiano27 July 1738
Ludovicus Benzoni, O.Carm.27 July 1738
Francesco Antonio Salomone14 September 1738
Gaetano Fraccagnani12 October 1738
Giovanni Ferro28 December 1738
Pietro Antonio Zuccheri1 February 1739
Ferdinando Maria de' Rossi2 August 1739
Ignazio Michele Crivelli4 October 1739
Ludovico Ancaiani30 November 1739
Antonio Vegni30 November 1739
Bartolomeo Mollo8 December 1739
Francesco Vivani13 November 1740
Francesco Maria Piccolomini9 July 1741
Francesco Antonio Spadea28 January 1742
Giovanni Andrea Tria II28 January 1742
Pietro Antonio Raimondi28 January 1742
Donato Maria Arcangeli11 March 1742
Angelo Maria Marculli, O.S.A.27 May 1742
Mattaeus Caraman15 July 1742
Marino Bozzatini15 July 1742
Biagio Chiarelli9 December 1742
Isidoro Pitellia, O.M.25 July 1743
Bernardino Antonio Diego Bernardi, O.M.22 December 1743
Filippo Felice del Prete26 April 1744
Vito Moio21 June 1744
Silvestro Lodovico Paparelli13 September 1744
Diego Andrea Tomacelli13 September 1744
Felice Leone, O.E.S.A.25 July 1745
Giuseppe de Vignoli19 June 1746
Bernardo Bernardi, O.F.M. Conv.4 December 1746
Nicolaus (Arcangelo) Bianchini, O.C.D.4 December 1746
Francesco Antonio Scoppa23 May 1747
Nicola Brescia23 May 1747
Giovanni Bufalini21 December 1747
Cosimo Pierbenedetto Maculani, C.O.12 May 1748
Giuseppe Du Mesnil19 May 1748
Giustino Girolamo Bagnesi, O.S.B.21 July 1748
Nicola Cimaglia, O.S.B.21 December 1748
Benedetto Gaetani27 April 1749
Domenico Poltri27 April 1749
Federigo Muschi1 May 1749
Panfilo Antonio Mazzara1 May 1749
Giuseppe Agostino Delbecchi, Sch.P.23 May 1751
Francesco Antonio Rocco23 May 1751
Segherio Felice Seghieri25 July 1751
Christoph Bartholomäus Anton Migazzi Von Waal Und Sonnenthurn10 October 1751
Giovanni Carlo Antonelli4 June 1752
Nicolò Lercari26 December 1753
Angelo Maria Venizza22 December 1754
Jacopo Gaetano Nicolò Inghirami31 May 1755
Domenico Gaetano Novellucci25 July 1755
Filippo Niccolò Cecina21 December 1755
Carlo Maria Sacripante25 January 1756
Carlo Augusto Peruzzini, B.3 October 1756
Pietro Maria Franzesi16 January 1757
Adeodato Andrea Bivignano16 January 1757
François Mattei3 April 1757
Bartolomeo Felice Guelfi Camaiani26 November 1758
Styles of
Giovanni Antonio Guadagni
Reference styleHis Eminence
Spoken styleYour Eminence
Informal styleCardinal
SeePorto e Santa Rufina

His beatification cause opened soon after his death but remained stalled until its resumption in 1940.[1][2] The cause has since stalled once more.

Life

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Education and priesthood

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Giovanni Antonio Guadagni was born in 1674 to a noble house in the Medici-ruled Florence as the second of four children to Donato Maria Guadagni (1641-1718) and Maddalena Corsini (???-1679); his maternal uncle was Pope Clement XII. On the maternal side he was related to Saint Andrea Corsini.[2] His siblings were (in order): Tommaso (1668-???), Neri Andrea (1673-1748), and Elisabetta. His father married twice more after Maddalena died: to Maria Maddalena Niccolini (d. 1683) and Maria Alamanni, with whom he had four children.

He received his doctorate in civil and canon law from the Pisan college on 3 May 1696. Guadagni later travelled to Rome to practice law but upon his return to Florence in 1697 decided to become a priest. He entered the Order of Discalced Carmelites in Arezzo (against the wishes of his parents) and assumed the religious name "Giovanni Antonio di San Bernardo" at the convent in Arezzo around 1669.[1] He made his solemn profession of vows on 1 November 1700 and would undertake theological and philosophical studies in Florence at convents that the order managed. He was ordained to the priesthood on 11 March 1702 in Florence.

Episcopate

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Guadagni was later named as the master of the novices and then as the provincial father for his order. It was at the request of the Grand Duke that he was promoted to the episcopate. Pope Benedict XIII appointed him as the Bishop of Arezzo on 20 December 1724 and he received his episcopal consecration a week later in Santa Maria della Scala church from his uncle and future pope Lorenzo Corsini. But he first had to receive a special dispensation from his Carmelite vow not to accept ecclesial dignities, in order to assume the ecclesial office. Guadagni was enthroned in his new see on 9 March 1725.[1][2] In 1730 he affirmed opposition and his diocese's opposition to Jansenist heresies.

His uncle's election as pope brought the bestowal of the pallium on Guadagni in the chapel of the Quirinal Palace on 22 November 1730. The pallium was normally only bestowed on metropolitan archbishops. In his uncle's pontificate, as a cardinal-nephew, he pursued the pope's pastoral and spiritual plans.

Cardinalate

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Pope Clement XII raised him to the cardinalate on 24 September 1731 as the Cardinal-Deacon of Santi Silvestro e Martino ai Monti and he accepted in obedience to the pope. Guadagni arrived in Rome from Arezzo on 7 November and then entered though Porta Pia on 11 November before receiving the red hat on 22 November and his titular church on 17 December. Guadagni was enthroned in his church on 30 December at a solemn Mass.[1] He was appointed to several important congregations in the Roman Curia and held posts in the Congregation of Bishops and Regulars and the Congregation for Rites amongst others. In 1732 he assumed the duties as the Vicar General of Rome after having resigned from his see in Arezzo. Guadagni was later appointed as the Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati in 1750 and also became the Vice-Dean of the College of Cardinals. On 10 April 1750 (two months after being made the Frascati titular head) he entered the Frascati suburbicarian see to commence a pastoral visit and oversaw the restoration of several churches while presiding over Confirmations and other Masses as well as leading rosaries. He later became the Cardinal-Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina in 1756.[1][2]

He participated in the conclave in 1740 that elected Pope Benedict XIV and also participated in the conclave in 1758 that elected Pope Clement XIII.[1] Guadagni served as the camerlengo from 1743 until 1756.

Death

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He died in Rome in 1759 and was buried at the left side of the main altar in Santa Maria della Scala in the tomb that he had constructed for himself.[1] He also composed the inscription that was placed on the tomb. He became reputed for his holiness and was said to have been buried with the odor of saintliness.[2]

Beatification process

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The beatification process began in 1763 with an informative process tasked with research into the late cardinal's life and his virtues.[1] On 11 February 1718, the cause was officially opened, granting Guadagni the title of Servant of God.[3] But the cause stalled at some point and remained dormant until it was reactivated under Pope Pius XI on 26 November 1938. But the cause stalled at a later point and remains so at present.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Salvador Miranda. "Consistory of September 24, 1731". The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Giovanni Antonio Guadagni (cardinal)". Postulazione Generale della Cause dei Santi Ordine Dei Carmelitani Scalzi. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  3. ^ Index ac status causarum beatificationis servorum dei et canonizationis beatorum (in Latin). Typis polyglottis vaticanis. January 1953. p. 109.
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