File:Long & Carey & Lea Geographical, Statistical and Historical Map of Arkansas Territory 1822 UTA.jpg
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Summary
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English: Geographical, Statistical and Historical Map of Arkansas Territory |
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DescriptionLong & Carey & Lea Geographical, Statistical and Historical Map of Arkansas Territory 1822 UTA.jpg |
English: The confusing routes of several explorations led by U.S. Army Engineer Major Stephen H. Long appear on his map that was first engraved and printed for Henry Carey and Isaac Lea's atlas, published in Philadelphia in 1822. In the first of these expeditions, begun in the summer of 1816, Long made a survey of the Illinois River and its tributaries to Fort Dearborn, eventually the site of Chicago on Lake Michigan. Shown on the map along the Illinois River and at the southern end of Lake Michigan are multiple inscriptions reading "Long's route 1816" and, farther west, a "Proposed National Road" – an idea Long suggested along with canals to connect the big lake with the river in his official report.
In the following years Long explored the Mississippi River to the Falls of St. Anthony (the future site of Minneapolis with the trail denoted as "Long’s route 1817"). Long went down the Mississippi River and then up the Arkansas where he helped construct Fort Smith. He soon inspected the Southwest border with New Spain to the Red River beyond Pecan Point (as had the Freeman-Custis expedition) and then returned overland (denoted as "Long's route Dec. 1817") back to the Arkansas. He next passed through the Arkansas Territory and southeastern Missouri to the Mississippi River again ("Long's route 1818"). In the fall of 1818, Long headed back east to get married and also began construction of a new type of shallow-draft steamboat that would accompany a military and scientific expedition up the Missouri to the Yellowstone River. Long's steamboat The Western Engineer went into operation in 1819 to navigate the Ohio, Mississippi, and Missouri Rivers. His expedition established a winter quarters at "Engineer Cantonment" – located along the Missouri south of Council Bluffs. As a result of the 1819 Adams-Onís Treaty concluded with Spain, Long next set out with new orders to explore west to the headwaters of the Platte, Arkansas, and Red Rivers in order to dispel confusion about the new boundaries between the U.S. and New Spain. Long and his men reached the Rocky Mountains that summer and then split into two groups, one under Captain John R. Bell to follow the Arkansas back eastward and another led by Long himself to follow the Red River. Unfortunately, Long discovered too late that the river he thought was the Red was actually another, the Canadian. In 1821, Long, having recognized his mistake, produced a large manuscript map employed as the basis for the map in the Carey & Lea Atlas that noted the correct approximate position of the Red River and the boundary. In addition to showing correct state and territorial boundary configurations of the time, the map, most significantly, helped popularize the idea that the American West was an inhospitable desert filled with hostile Indians by labeling the western portion as a "Great Desert" and noting it was "frequented by roving bands of Indians who have no fixed places of residence but roam from place to place in quest of game." |
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Source | UTA Libraries Cartographic Connections: map / text | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creator |
Unknown authorUnknown author After
creator QS:P170,Q2712366 Young Dellecker |
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Credit line |
English: UTA Libraries Special Collections |
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Map location | United States of America | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Georeferencing | Georeference the map in Wikimaps Warper If inappropriate please set warp_status = skip to hide. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bibliographic data | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Publication |
A Complete Historical, Chronological, and Geographical American Atlas...to the Year 1822 |
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Author |
creator QS:P170,Q957065
creator QS:P170,Q929918 |
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Place of publication | Philadelphia | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Publisher |
creator QS:P170,Q957065
creator QS:P170,Q929918 |
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Collection |
institution QS:P195,Q1230739 |
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Dimensions |
height: 43 cm (16.9 in); width: 53 cm (20.8 in) dimensions QS:P2048,43U174728 dimensions QS:P2049,53U174728 |
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Medium | colored engraving on paper | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
artwork-references |
Goetzmann Army Exploration, pp. 35, 39−44 Ehrenberg, Ralph (2005) "U.S. Army Military Mapping of the American Southwest during the Nineteenth Century" in Reinhartz, Dennis , ed. Mapping and Empire: Soldier-Engineers on the Southwestern Frontier, Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 88−90 Ehrenberg; Seymour I. Schwarz (1980) "Part Two, Since 1800" in The Mapping of America, (New York City: Harry N. Abrams, pp. 236−237 Huseman, Ben W. (2004) Territories so Extensive and Fertile, (DeGolyer Library, Southern Methodist University, no. 106-109 , pp. 78−81 Huseman, Ben W. (2014) The Price of Manifest Destiny, no. 16 , p. 13 Wheat Mapping the Trans-Mississippi West, 2, no. 343, 347-348, 352, 353 , pp. 77−81, 108, 224−226 |
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Licensing
This file was provided to Wikimedia Commons by the University of Texas at Arlington Libraries as part of a cooperation project. The University of Texas at Arlington Libraries is part of the University of Texas at Arlington, a public research university located in Arlington, Texas.
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Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse |
The author died in 1864, so this work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 100 years or fewer. This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1929. | |
This file has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights. |
https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/PDMCreative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0falsefalse
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current | 22:45, 23 February 2022 | 3,912 × 3,167 (12.25 MB) | Michael Barera | == {{int:filedesc}} == {{Map |title = {{en|'''''Geographical, Statistical and Historical Map of Arkansas Territory'''''}} |description = {{en|The confusing routes of several explorations led by U.S. Army Engineer Major Stephen H. Long appear on his map that was first engraved and printed for Henry Carey and Isaac Lea's atlas, published in Philadelphia in 1822. In the first of these expeditions, begun in the summer of 1816, Long made a survey of the Illinois River and its t... |
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