Fight For Freedom (FFF) was a gang that was centered in the San Fernando Valley during the 1980s. Unique to this gang in its locale and time was that the group generally consisted of White Americans from middle class and upper middle class backgrounds.[1][2][3] The gang was founded by members of a punk rock band of the same name.[1][4]
| Founded | 1980s |
|---|---|
| Founders | Members of a punk rock band |
| Territory | San Fernando Valley, Los Angeles |
| Criminal activities | Gang-related activities |
| Notable members | Mark Miller (prominent member) |
FFF's activities largely came to an end when one of its prominent members, 15-year-old Mark Miller, was fatally shot outside of a Van Nuys nightclub in 1985.[1][5]
References
edit- ^ a b c Sullivan, Randall (August 28, 1986). "Leader of the Pack". Rolling Stone. p. 50.
- ^ Smith, Doug (July 28, 1985). "White Punks a New Puzzle in Gang Scene". Los Angeles Times. p. 4.
- ^ Cummings, Judith (January 12, 1986). "Youth Gangs Rise in Suburbs in West (preview)". The New York Times. p. 14.
- ^ Anderson, Dennis (June 14, 1985). "Crimes of Fashion Lure Affluent Kids for the Fun of It (preview)". Chicago Tribune. Associated Press. p. 28. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012.
- ^ Hamilton, Denise and Patricia Klein (August 20, 1985). "Father Says Son's Slaying a Sign of Times". Los Angeles Times. p. 1.
Further reading
edit- Sullivan, Randall (1995). West of the West: imagining California : an anthology (abridged re-print of "Leader of the Pack"). University of California Press. pp. 89–103. ISBN 0-520-20164-7.
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