This article discusses the responsibilities of the various agencies involved in combating corruption in New Zealand. New Zealand is regarded as having one of the lowest levels of corruption in the world.[1]
Agencies
editSerious Fraud Office
editThe Serious Fraud Office (SFO) is the lead law enforcement agency for investigating and prosecuting serious financial crime, including bribery[2] and corruption. In 2020, the SFO reported that it had seen a 40 percent increase in cases involving public officials, central and local government, in the past five years.[3]
Electoral Commission
editThe Electoral Commission is responsible for the administration of parliamentary elections and promoting compliance with electoral laws, including those around the size and transparency of donations. If they believe the law is being broken, they refer the matter to the Police or Serious Fraud Office.[4][5]
Independent Police Conduct Authority
editThe Independent Police Conduct Authority is an independent body that considers complaints against New Zealand Police and oversees their conduct.[6] Under section 12 of the Independent Police Conduct Authority Act 1988, "the Authority's functions are to: receive complaints alleging misconduct or neglect of duty by any member of Police or concerning any Police practice, policy or procedure affecting a complainant; and to investigate incidents in which a member of Police (acting in the execution of his or her duty) causes or appears to have caused death or serious bodily harm."[7]
Ombudsman
editThe Ombudsman's role is to ensure citizens receive 'fair play' in their dealings with government entities, and they investigate where required.[8] Over the years the powers of the Office have been extended to include education and hospital boards (from 1968), local government agencies (1975), requests under the Official Information Act (2003) and in 2005, all crown entities.[9]
Conventions
editNew Zealand has ratified several important international anti-corruption conventions such as the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions[10] and the United Nations Convention against Corruption.[11]
International ranking
editNew Zealand is regarded as having one of the lowest levels of corruption in the world.[1] Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index scores 180 countries according to the perceived corruption of their public sector on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean"). Those countries are then ranked by their score; the country ranked first is perceived to have the most honest public sector.[12] In the 2023 Index, New Zealand earned the third highest score worldwide, 85. The best score was 90 (ranked 1), the average score was 43, and the worst score was 11 (ranked 180).[13] In the Asia Pacific region[Note 1] New Zealand's was the highest score. The average regional score was 45 and the lowest was 17.[14]
Notes
edit- ^ Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Zealand, North Korea, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Vanuatu, and Vietnam
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Gregory, Robert. "Assessing 'Good Governance' and Corruption in New Zealand: 'Scientific' Measurement, Political Discourse, and Historical Narrative" (PDF). Institute for Governance and policy Studies. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- ^ Owen, Catrin (26 February 2020). "Auckland businessman, council official admit corruption and bribery charges". Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- ^ Devlin, Collette. "The Serious Fraud Office takes months on big political decisions. Here's why". Stuff. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- ^ Cooke, Henry (20 November 2019). "Explainer: How New Zealand's convoluted electoral law works". Stuff. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- ^ Cooke, Henry (12 March 2019). "Complaint about political donations referred to Serious Fraud Office". Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- ^ It's our job to keep watch over Police IPCA website
- ^ Role and powers IPCA website
- ^ "Ombudsman looks into Auckland Transport road maintenance case". The New Zealand Herald. 12 December 2016.
- ^ History of the Ombudsman
- ^ "Ratification Status as of May 2017" (PDF). OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
- ^ "Signature and Ratification Status". United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
- ^ "The ABCs of the CPI: How the Corruption Perceptions Index is calculated". Transparency.org. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ^ "Corruption Perceptions Index 2023: New Zealand". Transparency.org. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
- ^ "CPI 2023 for Asia Pacific: Regional stagnation marked by inadequate delivery of anti-corruption commitments". Transparency.org. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
Further reading
edit- Henderson, John; Cave, Shane; Petrie, Murray (2003). "National Integrity Systems TI Country Study Report New Zealand 2003". Transparency International. Archived from the original on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 13 May 2011.
External links
edit- Bribery and corruption page Archived 11 April 2021 at the Wayback Machine at the Serious Fraud Office
- Transparency International New Zealand Archived 11 August 2020 at the Wayback Machine