List of the prehistoric life of Maryland
(Redirected from Draft:List of the prehistoric life of Maryland)
This list of the prehistoric life of Maryland contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Maryland.
Precambrian
editThe Paleobiology Database records no known occurrences of Precambrian fossils in Maryland.
Paleozoic
editSelected Paleozoic taxa of Maryland
edit- †Amphiscapha
- †Amplexopora
- †Archimylacris
- †Atrypa
- †Atrypa reticularis – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- †Aviculopecten
- †Bassipterus
- †Bellerophon
Fossil of the Early Ordovician-Early Devonian trilobite Calymene - †Calymene camerata
- †Calymene cresapensis
- †Calymene niagarensis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Camarotoechia
- †Chonetes
- †Cincinnetina
- †Clitendoceras
- †Composita
- †Composita ovata – tentative report
- †Cornulites
- †Cypricardinia
- †Dakeoceras
Fossil of the Late Ordovician-Middle Devonian trilobite Dalmanites - †Dolichopterus
- †Edmondia
- †Eldredgeops
- †Ellesmeroceras
- †Encrinurus
- †Eospirifer
- †Erettopterus – tentative report
- †Euomphalus
- †Eurypterus
- †Favosites
- †Favosites niagarensis – or unidentified comparable form
- †Flexicalymene
- †Goniatites
- †Gyrodoma
- †Hallopora
- †Holopea
- †Hyolithes
- †Isotelus
- †Lingula
Life restoration of the Permian snake-like amphibian Lysorophus showing speculative egg-coiling behavior - †Mcqueenoceras
- †Megamolgophis
- †Meristina
- †Metacoceras
- †Naticopsis
- †Neospirifer
- †Neospirifer dunbari – tentative report
- †Obolella
- †Obolus – tentative report
- †Olenellus
- †Ormoceras
- †Orthoceras
- †Platyceras
- †Proterocameroceras
Life restoration of the Silurian-Middle Devonian eurypterid ("sea scorpion") Pterygotus - †Ribeiria
- †Rioceras
- Solemya
- † Solenopsis
- †Sowerbyella
- †Spirifer
- †Stenosiphon
- †Strophomena
- †Tainoceras
Assemblage of fossilized shells of the Early Ordovician-Late Devonian probable mollusc Tentaculites - †Trigonocera
- †Trimerus
- †Waeringopterus
- †Worthenia
Mesozoic
editSelected Mesozoic taxa of Maryland
edit- Acirsa
Life restoration of the Early Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Acrocanthosaurus - †Acteon
- †Aenona
- †Agerostrea
- †Allognathosuchus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Allosaurus
- †Amyda
- †Ancilla
- †Anomia
- †Anomoeodus
- Arrhoges
- Astarte
Life restoration of the Early Cretaceous sauropod dinosaur Astrodon - †Astrodon johnstoni – type locality for species
- †Baculites
- †Bottosaurus
- Botula
- Cadulus
- Caestocorbula
- Carcharias
- †Caveola
Life restoration of the Late Triassic-Eocene lungfish Ceratodus - Cerithium
- Chiloscyllium
- †Cimoliasaurus
- †Coelosaurus
- †Coelurus
- †Coelurus gracilis – type locality for species
- †Corax
- Corbula
- †Crenella
Fossil of the Early Cretaceous-Eocene shark Cretolamna - Cucullaea
- Cuspidaria
- Cylichna
- †Cylindracanthus
- †Cymella
- Dasyatis
Life restoration of the Early Cretaceous dromaeosaur ("raptor") Deinonychus - †Deinosuchus
- †Dentalium
- †Discoscaphites
- †Egertonia
- †Enchodus
- †Eulima
- †Euspira
Illustration in multiple views of a fossilized shell of the Late Jurassic-Miocene nautiloid cephalopod Eutrephoceras - †Ewingia
- †Exogyra
- Galeorhinus
- Ginglymostoma
- Glossus
- Glycimeris
- Glycymeris
- †Glyptops
- †Goniopholis
Fossil negative with skin impressions of the theropod dinosaur footprint ichnogenus Grallator - †Halisaurus
- †Hamatia – type locality for genus
- †Hamulus
- Heterodontus
- † Heteromorpha
- †Hoploparia
- †Hybodus
- †Hyposaurus
- †Inoceramus
- †Ischyodus
- †Ischyrhiza
- †Ischyrhiza avonicola – or unidentified comparable form
- †Ischyrhiza mira
Fossilized shell of the Late Cretaceous ammonoid cephalopod Jeletzkytes - Latiaxis
- Lepisosteus
- Lima
- Limatula
- †Linearis
- Lithophaga
- Lopha
- †Mathilda
- †Modiolus
- †Morea
Life restoration of two of the Late Cretaceous Mosasaurus - Myliobatis
- †Mytilus – tentative report
- Nebrius
- Nucula
A living Odontaspis sand shark - †Osteopygis
- Panopea
- †Paralbula
- †Peritresius
- Pholas
- †Pinna
- †Placenticeras
- †Pleurocoelus – type locality for genus
- †Pleurocoelus nanus – type locality for species
- †Plicatoscyllium
- Polinices
Illustration of a fossilized tooth in multiple views of the Early Cretaceous armored dinosaur Priconodon - †Priconodon crassus – type locality for species
- †Prognathodon
- †Propanoplosaurus – type locality for genus
- †Propanoplosaurus marylandicus – type locality for species
- †Protocardia
- †Pteria
- †Pterotrigonia
- †Ptychotrygon
- Pycnodonte
- Raja
- Rhinobatos
Restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene ray Rhombodus - Ringicula
- Rissoina
- †Sargana
- †Scaphites
- Serpula
- †Serratolamna
- †Sphenodiscus
Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous shark Squalicorax - Squatina
- †Stephanodus
- Tellina
- †Tenea
Life restoration of the Early Cretaceous Iguanodon relative Tenontosaurus - †Thoracosaurus
- Trachycardium
- Turritella
Cenozoic
editSelected Cenozoic taxa of Maryland
edit- †Abra – tentative report
- Acipenser
- Acropora
- Acteocina
- Acteon
- †Adocus
Life restoration of the Miocene camel Aepycamelus, or the long-necked camel. Heinrich Harder (1920). - Aetobatus
- †Aglaocetus
- Alca
- †Alca torda – or unidentified comparable form
- †Ambystoma
- Amia
Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene beardog Amphicyon - Amyda
- Anachis
- Anadara
- Anas
- Ancilla – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- Angulus
- Anomia
- Anticlimax – tentative report
- †Aphelops – tentative report
- Aporrhais
- Aquila
- †Araeodelphis – type locality for genus
- Arca
- †Archaeohippus
- Architectonica
- †Arctodus
- Argopecten
- †Armatobalanus
Shell of a modern Astarte bivalve - Asterias
- †Asterias forbesi – or unidentified comparable form
- Astrangia
- †Astroscopus – type locality for species
- †Astroscopus countermani – type locality for species
- Astyris
- Athleta
- Atrina
Life restoration of the Miocene sperm whale Aulophyseter - Balaenoptera
- Balanus
- Bankia
- Barnea
- Blarina
- Bonasa
A living Bonasa umbellus, or ruffed grouse
- Boreotrophon
- Brachidontes
- †Brachyprotoma
- †Brevoortia
- †Brevoortia tyrannus – or unidentified comparable form
- Bufo
- Busycon – type locality for genus
- Busycotypus
- Cadulus
- Caecum
- Callinectes
- †Callinectes ornatus
A living Callinectes sapidus, or Chesapeake blue crab
- Calliostoma
- Callista
- Calonectris
- Calyptraea
- Cancellaria
- Cancer
- Canis
Illustration in multiple views of a fossilized skull of the Pleistocene Canis armbrusteri, or Armbruster's wolf - †Canis latrans
- †Canis rufus – or unidentified comparable form
- Cantharus
- Carcharhinus
- Carcharias
- Carcharodon
- Cardita
- Carphophis
- Cassis
- Castor
- †Cephalotropis – type locality for genus
- Cerastoderma
- Cervus
- Cetorhinus
Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene whale Cetotherium - Chama
- Chelone
- Chelydra
- †Chesapecten
- Chlamys
- Chrysemys
- Circulus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- Cirsotrema
- Clavus
- Clementia
- Clethrionomys
- Clethrionomys gapperi – or unidentified comparable form
- Cliona
- Coluber
A living Coluber constrictor, or eastern racer
- Concavus
- Condylura
- Conus
- Corbula
- Crassostrea
- Crepidula
Fossil of the Early Cretaceous-Eocene shark Cretolamna - Crotalus
- Crucibulum
- Cryptobranchus
- Cucullaea
- Cumingia
- Cyclocardia
- Cylichna
- Cymatosyrinx
- †Cynarctus
- †Cynarctus wangi – type locality for species
Multiple views of a shell of a Cypraea cowrie sea snail - Cythara
- †Cytheris
- Dasyatis
- Dentalium
- Diadophis
- Diodora
- †Diorocetus – type locality for genus
- †Dipoides
- Discinisca
- †Dolicholatirus
- Dosinia
- Echinocardium
- Echinophoria – type locality for genus
- †Ecphora
Illustration of a fossilized shell of the Miocene murex sea snail Ecphora gardnerae
- †Ectopistes
- Elaphe
- Electra
- Elphidium
- Ensis
- †Entobia
- †Eosuchus
- †Eosurcula – or unidentified comparable form
- Epitonium
- Eptesicus
- †Eptesicus fuscus – or unidentified comparable form
- Equus
- Erethizon
Life restoration of the Pleistocene bovid Euceratherium, or the shrub ox. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). - †Euclastes – tentative report
- Eulima
- Eumeces
- †Eumeces fasciatus – or unidentified comparable form
- Eupleura
- †Eurhinodelphis
- Euspira
A living Felis, or cat - †Ficopsis
- Fissurella
- †Fistulobalanus
- †Fulgar
- Galeocerdo
- Galeodea
- Gari
- Gastrochaena
- Gavia
Fossilized skull of the Miocene crocodile relative Gavialosuchus - Gegania
- Gemma
- Genota – or unidentified comparable form
- Geukensia
- Gibbula – tentative report
- Glaucomys
- Globigerina
- Globigerinoides
- Glossus
- Glycimeris
- Glycymeris
- Glyptemys
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene elephant relative Gomphotherium - Gulo
- Gyrinophilus
- †Gyrinophilus porphyriticus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Hadrodelphis – type locality for genus
- Haminoea
- Hastula
- Haustator
- †Heliadornis – type locality for genus
- Hemipristis
- Heterodon
- †Heterodon platyrhinos – or unidentified comparable form
- Hiatella
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pliocene horse Hippotherium - Hyla
- Hyotissa
- Ictalurus
- Ilyanassa
- Ischadium
- †Ischyodus
- Isognomon
- Isurus
Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene dolphin Kentriodon - Kuphus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- Kurtziella
- Lacuna
- †Lagodon
- Lamna
- Lampropeltis
- Lasiopodomys
- Lepisosteus
- †Leptophoca – type locality for genus
- †Leptophoca lenis – type locality for species
- Lepus
- Libinia
- Lithophaga – or unidentified comparable form
- Littoraria
- Lontra
Pair of living Lontra canadensis, or North American river otter
- †Lophocetus
- Lopholatilus
- Lucina
- Lunatia
- Lyonsia
- Macoma
- Macrocallista
- †Macrokentriodon – type locality for genus
- †Mammut
- †Mammuthus
- †Mammuthus columbi
Life restorations of a Mammut americanum, or American mastodon (right), and a Mammuthus primigenius, or wooly mammoth (left)
- Marginella
- Marmota
- Martesia
- Mathilda
- †Megalonyx
- Megaptera
- Melampus
- Melanitta
- Meleagris
A wild male Meleagris gallopavo, or turkey, displaying his facial coloration and tail feathers to attract a female
- Membranipora
- Menestho
- Mephitis
- Mercenaria
- Meretrix
- †Merychippus
- †Mesocetus
- †Metaxytherium
- Microtus
- †Microtus chrotorrhinus – or unidentified comparable form
- †Microtus pennsylvanicus
Restoration of the Pliocene-Pleistocene Miracinonyx, or American cheetah - Mitra
- Modiolus
- †Moira – tentative report
- †Monotherium
- Mulinia
- Mustela
- †Mustela vison – or unidentified comparable form
- †Mya
- Myliobatis
Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Holocene peccary Mylohyus - †Mylohyus fossilis – type locality for species
- Myotis
- †Myotis grisescens – or unidentified comparable form
- Mytilus
- †Nanosiren – tentative report
- Napaeozapus
- Narona
- Nassa
A living Nassarius, or nassa mud snail - Neofiber
- Neotoma – type locality for genus
- Nerodia
- Neverita
- Notophthalmus
- †Notophthalmus viridescens – or unidentified comparable form
- Notorynchus
Close-up portrait of a living Notorynchus cepedianus, or broadnose sevengill shark
- Novocrania
- Nucula
- Ochotona
- †Ochotona princeps – or unidentified comparable form
- Odocoileus
- Odontaspis
- Odostomia
- Ondatra
- Opheodrys
- †Orycterocetus
- †Osteopygis
- Ostrea
- †Otodus
Diagram illustrating the largest (grey) and most conservative (red) size estimates of the Miocene-Pliocene shark Carcharocles megalodon (sometimes Carcharodon or Otodus megalodon) with a whale shark (violet), great white shark (green), and anachronistic human (black) to scale
- Otus
- †Oxyrhina
- Pagurus
- †Palaeocarcharodon
- †Palaeophis
- Pandora
- Panopea
- Panopeus
- Panthera
- Parascalops
Life restoration of the Miocene baleen whale Parietobalaena and calf - †Parietobalaena palmeri – type locality for species
- Pecten
- Pekania
- †Pelocetus – type locality for genus
- Perisoreus
- Peromyscus
- †Peromyscus leucopus – or unidentified comparable form
- Petricola
- †Phenacodus – tentative report
- Phenacomys
- †Phocageneus
- Pholadomya
- †Physeterula
- Pinna
- Pipistrellus
- Pitar
- Pitymys
- Placopecten
Restoration of a herd of alarmed Miocene-Pleistocene peccaries of the genus Platygonus. Charles R. Knight (1922). - Plecotus
- Plethodon
- Pleurotomella
- Pogonias
- †Pogonias cromis – or unidentified comparable form
- Polydora
- Polystira
- †Presbyornis
- †Prionodon
- Prionotus
- †Prionotus evolans – or unidentified related form
- Propebela
- Prophaethon – tentative report
- †Protocardia
- Pseudacris
- Pseudoliva
- Pteria
- †Ptychosalpinx
A living Puffinus shearwater - Pycnodonte
- Quinqueloculina
- †Rana
- Rangia
- Ranzania
- Retusa
A school of living Rhinoptera, or cownose rays - Rhynchobatus
- †Roccus
- †Rotalia
- Salamandra
- †Scala – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- †Scala
- †Scaldicetus
- †Scapanorhynchus
- Scaphander
- Scaphella – type locality for genus
- Sceloporus
- †Sceloporus undulatus – or unidentified comparable form
Fossilized skull of the Miocene toothed whale Schizodelphis - Schizoporella
- Sciaenops
- Sciurus
- †Scutella
- †Sediliopsis – type locality for genus
- Seila
- Semele – tentative report
- Semele
- Serpulorbis
- Siphonalia
Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene saber-tooth cat Smilodon - †Solarium
- Solen
- Sorex
- Spermophilus
- †Sphyraenodus
- Sphyrna
- Spilogale
- †Spilogale putorius – type locality for species
- Spisula
Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene shark-toothed dolphin Squalodon - †Squalodon calvertensis – type locality for species
- Squatina
- Squilla
- Stewartia
- Stramonita
- Strioterebrum
- †Syllomus
- Sylvilagus
Illustration of a living Synaptomys, or bog lemming - Syrnola
- Tagelus
- Tamias
- Tamiasciurus
- †Tapiravus
A living Tapirus, or tapir - †Tasbacka
- Taxidea
- †Taxidea taxus – type locality for species
- Teinostoma
- Tellina
- Terebra
- Terebratula
- Teredo
- Terrapene
- Testudo
- Textularia
- Thamnophis
Fossilized skeleton of the Oligocene-Miocene gavial relative Thecachampsa - Thomomys – type locality for genus
- Thracia
- Tremarctos
- Triloculina
- Trionyx – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- Triphora
- Tritonium
- Trochita
- †Trygon
- †Tuba – tentative report
- Turricula – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- Turris – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
- Turritella
A living Tursiops, or bottlenose dolphin - Typhis
- Umbraculum – tentative report
- Urosalpinx
- Ursus
- Venericardia
- Vespertilio
- Vitrinella
- Volutifusus
- Vulpes
Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene whale Xiphiacetus - Xiphias
- Yoldia
References
edit- Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 17 December 2021.