1978 Cook Islands general election

General elections were held in the Cook Islands on 30 March 1978 to elect members of the Legislative Assembly. The result was a victory for the Cook Islands Party (CIP) of Premier Albert Henry, which won 15 of the 22 seats.[1] The Democratic Party won the remaining seven seats.

1978 Cook Islands general election
Cook Islands
← 1974 30 March 1978 March 1983 →

22 seats in the Legislative Assembly
13 seats needed for a majority
Party Leader Seats +/–
Cook Islands Albert Henry 15 +1
Democratic Thomas Davis 7 −1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Premier before Premier after
Albert Henry
Cook Islands
Albert Henry
Cook Islands

Following the elections, the Democratic Party challenged the results, claiming Henry had used public funds to subsidise flights that brought expatriate CIP supporters back to the Cook Islands to vote, which cost around $300,000.[2] The election of nine CIP MPs was subsequently overturned by an electoral court, allowing Democratic Party leader Tom Davis – who had lost his seat before being reinstated as a result of the ruling – to become Premier. Henry was subsequently convicted of conspiracy and misuse of public money,[3] and later stripped of his knighthood.

Background

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Elections were called six months early by Henry, hoping to capitalise on divisions in the Democratic Party during a leadership challenge.[4] Prior to the elections, three prominent CIP members, William Estall, Raui Pokoati and Joe Williams, left the party.[5] Williams subsequently established the Unity Party.[6]

As overseas voting was not possible, Cook Islanders had to return to the islands to vote. Special polling stations were set up at Rarotonga International Airport.[6] Both the CIP and the Democratic Party persuaded supporters to fly from New Zealand, with six planeloads of CIP supporters travelling at a subsidised cost of $20 each, and two planeloads of Democratic Party supporters, who paid the full fare. Around 800 supporters of the CIP were transported on Ansett planes, with Democratic Party supporters travelling by Air Nauru.[6]

Results

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PartySeats+/–
Cook Islands Party15+1
Democratic Party7–1
Unity Party0New
Total220
Source: Pacific Islands Monthly

By electorate

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Constituency Candidate Votes
Aitutaki–Manuae Kura Strickland 654
Geoffrey Henry 639
Ngereteina Puna 636
Matai Simiona 252
Koekoe John Mokotupu 203
Sadaraka Metuakore Sadaraka 194
William John Estall 65
Tere Aaron Marsters 53
Atiu Vainerere Tangatapoto 252
Tangata Simiona 247
Franco Mateariki 212
Tepou Boaza 209
Paul Pomani Tangata 7
Mangaia Papamama Pokino 370
Matepi Matepi 367
Torotoro Kimiravenga 160
Tere Evangelia Aratangi 140
Manihiki George Frederick Ellis Jr. 92
Epinisa Toma 64
Mauke Tupui Ariki Henry 188
Julian Dashwood 72
Mitiaro David Tetava 66
Raui Pokoati 49
Celina James Scott 2
Penrhyn Tangaroa Tangaroa 145
Walter Benedito 69
Fred Ford 6
Puaikura Jimmy Mareiti 541
Raymond Pirangi 517
William Heather 509
Harry Napa 490
Joseph Williams 37
Pukapuka–Nassau Inatio Akaruru 313
Mataora Tutai 62
Rakahanga Pupuke Robati 70
Turuta Temu 47
Takitumu Matapo Matapo 603
Apenera Short 599
Teariki Matenga 565
Iaveta Short 564
Taramai Tetonga 555
William Cowan 530
Tuainekore-o-turepu Keenan 31
Te-au-o-Tonga Albert Henry 1,420
Lionel George Browne 1,363
Teanua Dan Kamana 1,353
Rei Jack 1,323
Thomas Davis 1,248
Vincent Ingram 1,201
Fred Goodwin 1,173
Teariki Piri 1,173
Enua Bishop 41
Thomas Tixier 40
Michael Tavioni 39
Source:[7][8][9][10]

Aftermath

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Immediately after the elections, the electoral law was amended to prevent Cook Islanders living overseas from voting, with a requirement to have been resident for three months prior to election day introduced.[6]

The results of the three Rarotonga constituencies were challenged by the Democratic Party. The petitions were heard in an electoral court presided over by Chief Justice Gaven Donne, which sat in Auckland, Rarotonga and Wellington in May and June.[11] It was revealed that Henry had paid $290,000 for the flights for CIP supporters back to the Cook Islands to vote using a specially founded government company.[11]

The votes cast by the CIP voters who flew in were annulled, resulting in eight of the CIP MLAs elected in Rarotonga losing their seats and being replaced by the losing Democratic Party candidates including Tom Davis. The result in Mitiaro, where David Tetava of the CIP was elected, was also overturned due to corrupt practices and a by-election ordered on 5 October 1978.[12] David Tetava died before the election, and the only other candidate, Tiki Tetava, was elected unopposed.[13]

With the Democratic Party now holding a 15–6 majority in the Legislative Assembly, Davis formed a new government. He retained the portfolios of Finance and Economic Development for himself, and appointed Pupuke Robati as Deputy Premier and Minister of Health, Vincent Ingram as Minister of Justice and Police, Papamama Pokino as Minister for Supportive Services, Iaveta Short as Minister of Agriculture and Tourism, Tangata Simoiona as Minister of Education and Tangaroa Tangaroa as Minister of Internal Affairs.[11] Titi Tetava Ariki won the subsequent by-election in Mitiaro.[14]

References

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  1. ^ Flying voters: Cooks poll up in air Pacific Islands Monthly, May 1978, p6
  2. ^ A Cooks-NZ showdown? Pacific Islands Monthly, June 1978, p19
  3. ^ "Police v Henry - Sentence (1979) CKHC 3". 1979-08-20. Retrieved 2009-03-22.
  4. ^ Sir Albert's strategy? Pacific Islands Monthly, February 1978, p6
  5. ^ Cook Islands' election stakes Pacific Islands Monthly, March 1978, p32
  6. ^ a b c d Sir Albert in a corner Pacific Islands Monthly, August 1978, pp17–19
  7. ^ "The Cook Islands Gazette No. 26/78". Library of Congress. 5 April 1978.
  8. ^ "The Cook Islands Gazette No. 27/78". Library of Congress. 5 April 1978.
  9. ^ "The Cook Islands Gazette No. 28/78". Library of Congress. 6 April 1978.
  10. ^ "The Cook Islands Gazette No. 29/78". Library of Congress. 10 April 1978.
  11. ^ a b c Fall of the House of Henry Pacific Islands Monthly, September 1978, pp11–14
  12. ^ "The Cook Islands Gazette No. 78/78". Library of Congress. 4 September 1978.
  13. ^ "The Cook Islands Gazette No. 83/78". Library of Congress. 29 September 1978.
  14. ^ Papa Raui Pokoati Pacific Islands Monthly, June 1971, p98