Frizzled-4

Frizzled-4 (Fz-4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FZD4 gene. Fz-4 has also been designated as CD344 (cluster of differentiation 344).

FZD4
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 5BPB, 5BPQ, 5BQC, 5BQE, 5CL1, 5CM4
Identifiers
Aliases	FZD4, CD344, EVR1, FEVR, FZD4S, Fz-4, Fz4, FzE4, GPCR, hFz4, frizzled class receptor 4
External IDs	OMIM: 604579; MGI: 108520; HomoloGene: 7325; GeneCards: FZD4; OMA:FZD4 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human) Band 11q14.2 Start 86,945,679 bp End 86,955,395 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 7 (mouse) Band 7 D3|7 49.32 cM Start 89,053,563 bp End 89,062,342 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in adipose tissue subcutaneous adipose tissue right lung abdominal fat parietal pleura synovial joint tendon of biceps brachii pericardium seminal vesicula thoracic diaphragm Top expressed in retinal pigment epithelium choroid plexus of fourth ventricle ciliary body internal carotid artery Epithelium of choroid plexus epithelium of stomach ankle subcutaneous adipose tissue white adipose tissue external carotid artery More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function PDZ domain binding protein homodimerization activity signal transducer activity protein binding protein heterodimerization activity Wnt-activated receptor activity ubiquitin protein ligase binding transmembrane signaling receptor activity cytokine binding G protein-coupled receptor activity Wnt-protein binding amyloid-beta binding signaling receptor activity protein-containing complex binding Cellular component clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane membrane cell-cell junction plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane cell surface extracellular exosome integral component of membrane clathrin-coated vesicle membrane dendrite synapse glutamatergic synapse Biological process negative regulation of cell-substrate adhesion cellular response to retinoic acid G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway luteinization extracellular matrix-cell signaling positive regulation of JUN kinase activity positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity hearing Wnt signaling pathway regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway vasculogenesis positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated multicellular organism development cerebellum vasculature morphogenesis cell surface receptor signaling pathway progesterone secretion blood vessel development neuron differentiation retinal blood vessel morphogenesis canonical Wnt signaling pathway substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading locomotion involved in locomotory behavior retina vasculature morphogenesis in camera-type eye signal transduction Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway membrane organization non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway positive regulation of neuron projection arborization cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 8322 14366 Ensembl ENSG00000174804 ENSMUSG00000049791 UniProt Q9ULV1 Q61088 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_012193 NM_008055 RefSeq (protein) NP_036325 NP_032081 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 86.95 – 86.96 Mb Chr 7: 89.05 – 89.06 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene is a member of the frizzled gene family. Members of this family encode seven-transmembrane domain proteins that are receptors for the Wingless type MMTV integration site family of signaling proteins. Frizzled-4 is the only representative of frizzled family members that binds strongly an additional ligand Norrin that is functionally similar but structurally different from Wingless type proteins. FZD4 signaling induced by Norrin regulates vascular development of vertebrate retina and controls important blood vessels in the ear. Most frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway. This protein may play a role as a positive regulator of the Wingless type MMTV integration site signaling pathway. A transcript variant retaining intronic sequence and encoding a shorter isoform has been described, however, its expression is not supported by other experimental evidence.

See also

• Frizzled

Further reading

• Li Y, Fuhrmann C, Schwinger E, Gal A, Laqua H (Jun 1992). "The gene for autosomal dominant familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (Criswick-Schepens) on the long arm of chromosome 11". American Journal of Ophthalmology. 113 (6): 712–3. doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)74800-7. PMID 1598965.
• Tanaka S, Akiyoshi T, Mori M, Wands JR, Sugimachi K (Aug 1998). "A novel frizzled gene identified in human esophageal carcinoma mediates APC/beta-catenin signals". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 95 (17): 10164–9. Bibcode:1998PNAS...9510164T. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.17.10164. PMC 21479. PMID 9707618.
• Sagara N, Kirikoshi H, Terasaki H, Yasuhiko Y, Toda G, Shiokawa K, Katoh M (Apr 2001). "FZD4S, a splicing variant of frizzled-4, encodes a soluble-type positive regulator of the WNT signaling pathway". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 282 (3): 750–6. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4634. PMID 11401527.
• Takeda S, Kadowaki S, Haga T, Takaesu H, Mitaku S (Jun 2002). "Identification of G protein-coupled receptor genes from the human genome sequence". FEBS Letters. 520 (1–3): 97–101. Bibcode:2002FEBSL.520...97T. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02775-8. PMID 12044878. S2CID 7116392.
• Hering H, Sheng M (Jun 2002). "Direct interaction of Frizzled-1, -2, -4, and -7 with PDZ domains of PSD-95". FEBS Letters. 521 (1–3): 185–9. Bibcode:2002FEBSL.521..185H. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)02831-4. PMID 12067714. S2CID 39243103.
• Robitaille J, MacDonald ML, Kaykas A, Sheldahl LC, Zeisler J, Dubé MP, Zhang LH, Singaraja RR, Guernsey DL, Zheng B, Siebert LF, Hoskin-Mott A, Trese MT, Pimstone SN, Shastry BS, Moon RT, Hayden MR, Goldberg YP, Samuels ME (Oct 2002). "Mutant frizzled-4 disrupts retinal angiogenesis in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy". Nature Genetics. 32 (2): 326–30. doi:10.1038/ng957. PMID 12172548. S2CID 21389657.
• Chen W, ten Berge D, Brown J, Ahn S, Hu LA, Miller WE, Caron MG, Barak LS, Nusse R, Lefkowitz RJ (Sep 2003). "Dishevelled 2 recruits beta-arrestin 2 to mediate Wnt5A-stimulated endocytosis of Frizzled 4". Science. 301 (5638): 1391–4. Bibcode:2003Sci...301.1391C. doi:10.1126/science.1082808. PMID 12958364. S2CID 34975427.
• Toomes C, Downey LM, Bottomley HM, Scott S, Woodruff G, Trembath RC, Inglehearn CF (Jan 2004). "Identification of a fourth locus (EVR4) for familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR)". Molecular Vision. 10: 37–42. PMID 14737064.
• Yao R, Natsume Y, Noda T (Aug 2004). "MAGI-3 is involved in the regulation of the JNK signaling pathway as a scaffold protein for frizzled and Ltap". Oncogene. 23 (36): 6023–30. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207817. PMID 15195140.
• Toomes C, Bottomley HM, Scott S, Mackey DA, Craig JE, Appukuttan B, Stout JT, Flaxel CJ, Zhang K, Black GC, Fryer A, Downey LM, Inglehearn CF (Jul 2004). "Spectrum and frequency of FZD4 mutations in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 45 (7): 2083–90. doi:10.1167/iovs.03-1044. PMID 15223780.
• Omoto S, Hayashi T, Kitahara K, Takeuchi T, Ueoka Y (Jun 2004). "Autosomal dominant familial exudative vitreoretinopathy in two Japanese families with FZD4 mutations (H69Y and C181R)". Ophthalmic Genetics. 25 (2): 81–90. doi:10.1080/13816810490514270. PMID 15370539. S2CID 32817238.
• Yoshida S, Arita R, Yoshida A, Tada H, Emori A, Noda Y, Nakao S, Fujisawa K, Ishibashi T (Oct 2004). "Novel mutation in FZD4 gene in a Japanese pedigree with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy". American Journal of Ophthalmology. 138 (4): 670–1. doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2004.05.001. PMID 15488808.
• Qin M, Hayashi H, Oshima K, Tahira T, Hayashi K, Kondo H (Aug 2005). "Complexity of the genotype-phenotype correlation in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy with mutations in the LRP5 and/or FZD4 genes". Human Mutation. 26 (2): 104–12. doi:10.1002/humu.20191. PMID 15981244. S2CID 20271372.
• Nallathambi J, Shukla D, Rajendran A, Namperumalsamy P, Muthulakshmi R, Sundaresan P (2006). "Identification of novel FZD4 mutations in Indian patients with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy". Molecular Vision. 12: 1086–92. PMID 17093393.
• Planutis K, Planutiene M, Moyer MP, Nguyen AV, Pérez CA, Holcombe RF (2007). "Regulation of norrin receptor frizzled-4 by Wnt2 in colon-derived cells". BMC Cell Biology. 8: 12. doi:10.1186/1471-2121-8-12. PMC 1847812. PMID 17386109.

External links

• "Frizzled Receptors: FZD₄". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-12-04.]
• GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy, Autosomal Dominant

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.