DGLUCY (D-glutamate cyclase) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DGLUCY gene.[5]

DGLUCY
Identifiers
AliasesDGLUCY, C14orf159, chromosome 14 open reading frame 159, D-glutamate cyclase
External IDsMGI: 2444813; HomoloGene: 11798; GeneCards: DGLUCY; OMA:DGLUCY - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_145448
NM_001361017
NM_001361020
NM_001361023

RefSeq (protein)

NP_663423
NP_001347946
NP_001347949
NP_001347952

Location (UCSC)Chr 14: 91.06 – 91.23 MbChr 12: 100.75 – 100.86 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Orthologs

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The human gene, DGLUCY, is highly conserved in mammals and birds.[6] Orthologs gathered from BLAST and BLAT searches reveal that the human DGLUCY mRNA sequence is conserved with a sequence identity of 98% in chimpanzees, 88% in mice, and 81% in platypus and chicken.[7][8] The following table contains a list orthologs that were gathered from BLAST searches. Sequence alignments were performed using blastn to derive sequence identity, score, and E-values between the human c14orf159 variant 1 mRNA and its orthologs.

Genus and species Common name NCBI accession number Sequence length (bp) Sequence identity Score E-value
Homo sapiens Human NM_001102366 3164 100% 0
Pan troglodytes Chimpanzee XM_510121 2974 98% 4281 0
Mus musculus Mouse NM_145448 3231 88% 495 0
Ornithorhynchus anatinus Platypus XM_00154336.1 1962 81% 217 0
Gallus gallus Chicken XM_421319 3389 81 50 0
Human C14orf159 Orthologs-mRNA

The protein that the human gene DGLUCY encodes has been found to be highly conserved among mammals, birds, amphibians, fish, tunicates, cnidarians, and echinoderms. However, no protein orthologs have been found in nematodes, arthropods, fungi, protists, plants, bacteria, or archea. Fungi and bacteria contain the DUF1445 conserved domain which is found in human c14orf159 and its orthologs. BLAST and BLAT searches have been utilized to find orthologs to the c14orf159 protein. The following table lists protein orthologs for the human protein with sequence identity, sequence similarity, scores, and E-values derived from blastp sequence comparisons.[9]

Genus and species Common name NCBI accession number Sequence length-amino acids Sequence identity Sequence similarity Score E-value
Homo sapiens Human NP_001095839.1 564 100% 100% 0
Pan troglodytes Chimpanzee XP_510121.2 724 557/621 (89%) 561/621 (90%) 1109 0
Ailuropoda melanoleuca Panda EFB15996.1 585 413/585 (70%) 461/585 (78%) 824 0
Rattus norvegicus Rat XP_343096.2 618 423/618 (68%) 470/618 (76%) 774 0
Mus musculus Mouse NP_663423.2 617 414/623 (66%) 468/621 (75%) 796 0
Equus caballus Horse XP_001916913.1 581 390/585 (66%) 433/585 (74%) 728 6E-115
Ornithorhynchus anatinus Platypus XP_001514386.1 653 358/628 (57%) 443/628 (70%) 696 0
Gallus gallus Chicken XP_421319.2 617 330/614 (53%) 414/614 (67%) 630 0
Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog CAJ82045.1 616 302/611 (49%) 399/611 (65%) 582 1E-170
Danio rerio Zebrafish AAI244131.1 621 284/607 (46%) 386/607 (63%) 530 6E-155
Branchiostoma floridae Lancelet XP_002612376.1 615 237/611 (38%) 334/611 (54%) 397 6E-115
Ciona intestinalis Vase tunicate XP_001173256 486 161/501 (32%) 241/501 (48%) 244 5E-69
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus California purple sea urchin XP_782739.1 631 9/33 (27%) 15/33 (45%) 320 5E-87
Nematostella vectensis Starlet sea anemone XP_001637867 529 134/501 (26%) 211/501 (42%) 120 1E-31
Human C14orf159 Orthologs-protein

Post-translational modification

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The protein product of the DGLUCY gene is predicted[5] and was found[10][11] to be translocated to mitochondrion.

Post-translational modifications are predicted for the protein DGLUCY. All predicted sites in human DGLUCY were compared to orthologs using multiple sequence alignments to determine likelihood of modification.[12][13][14][15] [16]

Regulation

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Estrogen receptor alpha, in the presence of estradiol, binds to the DGLUCY gene and likely regulates its expression.[17]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000133943Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021185Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: C14orf159 chromosome 14 open reading frame 159".
  6. ^ BLAST. NCBI. accessed 19 April 2010. http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi
  7. ^ UCSC Genome Browser website, BLAT. accessed 10 April 2010.
  8. ^ BLAST. NCBI. accessed 19 April 2010.
  9. ^ Blastp. NCBI. http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi
  10. ^ Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H. "RZPD CloneID DKFZp686J0759". LifeDB: Database for Localization, Interaction, Functional assays and Expression of Proteins. German Cancer Research Center.[permanent dead link]
  11. ^ Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, Wellenreuther R, Schleeger S, Mehrle A, Bechtel S, Sauermann M, Korf U, Pepperkok R, Sültmann H, Poustka A (October 2004). "From ORFeome to Biology: A Functional Genomics Pipeline". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2136–44. doi:10.1101/gr.2576704. PMC 528930. PMID 15489336.
  12. ^ Prediction of glycosylation across the human proteome and the correlation to protein function. Gupta, R. and S. Brunak. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing, 7:310-322, 2002 <http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/YinOYang/>.
  13. ^ Locating proteins in the cell using TargetP, SignalP, and related tools Olof Emanuelsson, Søren Brunak, Gunnar von Heijne, Henrik Nielsen Nature Protocols 2, 953-971 (2007) http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/SignalP/.
  14. ^ Scanning the available Dictyostelium discoideum proteome for O-linked GlcNAc glycosylation sites using neural networks. R. Gupta, E. Jung, A.A. Gooley, K.L. Williams, S. Brunak and J. Hansen. Glycobiology: 9(10):1009-22, 1999 http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/DictyOGlyc/.
  15. ^ Analysis and prediction of mammalian protein glycation. Morten Bo Johansen, Lars Kiemer and Søren Brunak Glycobiology, 16:844-853, 2006 http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/NetGlycate/.
  16. ^ Sulfinator. Expasy tools. 2010. http://expasy.org/tools/sulfinator/.
  17. ^ Creekmore AL, Ziegler YS, Bonéy JL, Nardulli AM (March 2007). "Estrogen receptor α regulates expression of the breast cancer 1 associated ring domain 1 (BARD1) gene through intronic DNA sequence". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 267 (1–2): 106–15. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2007.01.001. PMC 1933484. PMID 17275994.
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Further reading

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