Pamona language

(Redirected from Bare'e language)

Pamona (also Poso or Bare’e) is an Austronesian language spoken in Central and South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is part of the northern group of the Kaili–Pamona languages.

Pamona
Bare’e
Native toIndonesia
RegionSulawesi
Native speakers
140,000 (2000)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3pmf
Glottologpamo1252
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Dialects

edit

Ethnologue lists the following as dialects: Laiwonu (Iba), Pamona (Poso), Rapangkaka (Aria), Taa (Topotaa, Wana), Tobau (Bare’e, Tobalo, Tobao), Tokondindi, Tomoni, and Topada.[2]

The Poso dialect is the prestige dialect, specifically the variety spoken in the interior around Lake Poso. The coastal Poso variety (Poso Pesisir) – mostly spoken by Muslims in the trading hub Poso – does not differ significantly from the interior prestige variety (e.g. it uses the same negator bare'e as the interior variety), but has undergone some lexical influence from Buginese and the Parigi dialect of Kaili.[3][4]

Phonology

edit

Pamona has the following sound inventory:[5]

Consonants
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive voiceless p t k ʔ
voiced b d ɟ g
Prenasalized
plosive
voiceless ᵐp ⁿt ᶮc ᵑk
voiced ᵐb ⁿd ᶮɟ ᵑg
Fricative s h
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Trill r
Approximant ʋ l j
Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i u
Close-Mid e o
Open a

References

edit
  1. ^ Pamona at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ Pamona at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  3. ^ Adriani (1931), p. 9.
  4. ^ Mead, David (2012). Overview of Pamona dialects (per Nicolaus Adriani). Sulang Language Data and Working Papers: Survey Reports, no. 2. Sulawesi Language Alliance.
  5. ^ Adriani (1931), p. 17.

Bibliography

edit
  • Adriani, Nicolaus (1931). Spraakkunst der Bare'e-Taal. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, LXX. Bandung: A. C. Nix.